Wire data orwire image is the information that passes over computer and telecommunication networks defining communications betweenclient and server devices. It is the result of decodingwire and transport protocols containing the bi-directional data payload. More precisely, wire data is the information that is communicated in each layer of theOSI model (Layer 1 not being included because those protocols are used to establish connections and do not communicate information).
Wire data is the observed behavior and communication between networked elements which is an important source of information used by IT operations staff to troubleshoot performance issues, create activity baselines, detect anomalous activity, investigate security incidents, and discover IT assets and their dependencies.
According to a March 2016 research note from American IT research and advisory firmGartner, wire data will play a more important role than machine data for analytics in the future: "While log data will certainly have a role in future monitoring and analytics, it is wire data—radically rethought and used in new ways—that will prove to be the most critical source of data for availability and performance management over the next five years."[1]
Real-time wire data streams are also important sources of data for business andoperational intelligence teams. In these types of scenarios, wire data is used to measure order transactions for real-time reporting on transaction volume, success, and failure rates; tracking patient admission rates at hospitals; as well as reporting on the weights and measures of airplanes prior to take-off.
Wire data is distinct frommachine-generated data, which is system self-reported information typically in the form of logs sourced from elements like network routers, servers, and other equipment. Unlike those forms of machine-generated data, which are dependent on the logging configurations of those devices, wire data is defined by wire and transport protocols. There is a small amount of overlap between wire data and machine-generated data but also significant differences. For example, web server logs typically recordHTTP status code 200 responses, indicating that a web page was served to a client. However, web servers do not log the transaction payload and so would not be able to show which HTTP status code 200 responses were for pages with a “service unavailable” message. That information is contained in the wire data or transaction payload and is not necessarily logged by the server.
Traditional methods of capturing and analyzing wire data include offline network packet analyzers. Newer approaches receive a copy of network traffic from aport mirror (SPAN) or network tap and reassemble those packets into full per-client sessions and transaction streams, analyzing the entire transaction payload in real time and generating metadata on those transactions without storing the actual packets.[2]