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Thewinter campaign of 1941–1942 from 5 December 1941 to 7 May 1942 was the name given bySoviet military command to the period that marked the commencement of the Moscow Strategic Offensive Operation (better known as theBattle of Moscow). The openingphase of theRed Army strategic counter-offensive operations in the Soviet Union was a major albeit costly Soviet victory.
The campaign began with theMoscow Strategic Offensive Operation (5 December 1941 – 7 January 1942)[1] with the simultaneousKerch-Feodosia Amphibious Operation (25 December 1941 – 2 January 1942)[2]
The operations in central and northern European Russia began with the conclusion of the Moscow counter-offensive almost simultaneously with theOboyan–Kursk Offensive Operation (3 January 1942 – 26 January 1942), theLyuban Offensive Operation (7 January 1942 – 30 April 1942), theDemyansk Offensive Operation[3] (7 January 1942 – 20 May 1942), theOrel–Bolkhov Offensive Operation (8 January 1942 – 28 April 1942), and theRzhev-Vyazma Strategic Offensive Operation (8 January 1942 – 20 April 1942).[4] (not to be confused withOperation Mars, which refers to another Soviet operation in the same area, during November and December 1942).
The campaign concluded with theBarvenkovo-Lozovaya Offensive Operation (18 January 1942 – 31 January 1942), a renewed attempt to retake Crimea during theCrimean Offensive Operation (27 January 1942 – 15 April 1942) and theBolkhov Offensive Operation (24 March 1942 – 3 April 1942).