Windows 10 is a major release of theWindows NToperating system developed byMicrosoft. Microsoft described Windows 10 as an "operating system as a service" that would receive ongoing updates to its features and functionality, augmented with the ability for enterprise environments to receive non-critical updates at a slower pace or use long-term support milestones that will only receive critical updates, such as security patches, over their five-year lifespan of mainstream support. It was released in July 2015.
Windows 10 Insider Preview builds are delivered to Insiders in three different channels (previously "rings").[1] Insiders in the Dev Channel (previouslyFast ring) receive updates prior to those in the Beta Channel (previouslySlow ring), but might experience more bugs and other issues.[2][3] Insiders in the Release Preview Channel (previouslyRelease Preview ring) do not receive updates until the version is almost available to the public, but are comparatively more stable.[4]
^Windows 10 builds that have this color have reached their expiration dates and are no longer supported by Microsoft in their respective servicing channel.
^Windows 10 builds that have this color are no longer the latest version of Windows 10, but are still supported by Microsoft in their respective servicing channel.
^Windows 10 builds that have this color are the latest (by servicing channel) public version of Windows 10.
Mainstream builds of Windows 10 are labeled "YYMM", with YY representing the two-digit year and MM representing the month of planned release (for example, version 1507 refers to builds which initially released in July 2015). Starting with version 20H2, Windows 10 release nomenclature changed from the year and month pattern to a year and half-year pattern (YYH1, YYH2).[5]
The second stable build of Windows10 isversion 1511 (build number 10586), known as theNovember Update. It was codenamed "Threshold 2" (TH2) during development. This version was distributed via Windows Update on November 12, 2015. It contains various improvements to the operating system, its user interface, bundled services, as well as the introduction of Skype-based universal messaging apps, and the Windows Store for Business and Windows Update for Business features.[6][7][8][9]
On November 21, 2015, the November Update was temporarily pulled from public distribution.[10][11] The upgrade was re-instated on November 24, 2015, with Microsoft stating that the removal was due to a bug that caused privacy and data collection settings to be reset to defaults when installing the upgrade.[12]
The third stable build of Windows 10 is calledversion 1607, known as theAnniversary Update. It was codenamed "Redstone 1" (RS1) during development. This version was released on August 2, 2016, a little over one year after the first stable release of Windows 10.[13][14][15][16] The Anniversary Update was originally thought to have been set aside for two feature updates. While both were originally to be released in 2016, the second was moved into 2017 so that it would be released in concert with that year's wave of Microsoft first-party devices.[17][18][14]
The Anniversary Update introduces new features such as the Windows Ink platform, which eases the ability to add stylus input support to Universal Windows Platform apps and provides a new "Ink Workspace" area with links to pen-oriented apps and features,[19][14] enhancements to Cortana's proactive functionality,[20] a dark user interface theme mode, a new version ofSkype designed to work with the Universal Windows Platform, improvements to Universal Windows Platform intended for video games,[13] and offline scanning usingWindows Defender.[21] The Anniversary Update also supportsWindows Subsystem for Linux, a new component that provides an environment for runningLinux-compatible binary software in anUbuntu-based user mode environment.[22]
On new installations of Windows 10 on systems withSecure Boot enabled, all kernel-mode drivers issued after July 29, 2015, must be digitally signed with anExtended Validation Certificate issued by Microsoft.[23]
This version is the basis for "LTSB 2016", the first upgrade to the LTSB since Windows 10's release. The first LTSB release, based on RTM (version 1507), has been retroactively named "LTSB 2015".
The fourth stable build of Windows 10 is calledversion 1703, known as theCreators Update. It was codenamed "Redstone 2" (RS2) during development. This version was announced on October 26, 2016,[24][25] and was released forgeneral availability on April 11, 2017,[26][27] and for manual installation via Windows 10 Upgrade Assistant and Media Creation Tool tools on April 5, 2017.[28] This update primarily focuses on content creation, productivity, and gaming features—with a particular focus onvirtual andaugmented reality (includingHoloLens andvirtual reality headsets) and on aiding the generation of three-dimensional content.
It supports a new virtual reality workspace designed for use with headsets; Microsoft announced that several OEMs planned to release VR headsets designed for use with the Creators Update.[27][26][29]
Controls for the Game Bar and Game DVR feature have moved to the Settings app, while a new "Game Mode" option allows resources to be prioritized towards games.[30] Integration with Microsoft acquisitionMixer (formerly Beam)[31] was added for live streaming.[30] The themes manager moved to Settings app, and custom accent colors are now possible.[30] The new appPaint 3D allows users to produce artwork using 3D models; the app is designed to make 3D creation more accessible to mainstream users.[32]
Windows 10's privacy settings have more detailed explanations of data that the operating system may collect. Additionally, the "enhanced" level of telemetry collection was removed.[30] Windows Update notifications may now be "snoozed" for a period of time, the "active hours" during which Windows will not try to install updates may now extend up to 18 hours in length, and updates may be paused for up to seven days.[30] Windows Defender has been replaced by the universal appWindows Defender Security Center.[30] Devices may optionally be configured to prevent use of software from outside of Microsoft Store, or warn before installation of apps from outside of Microsoft Store.[33] "Dynamic Lock" allows a device to automatically lock if it is outside of the proximity of a designatedBluetooth device, such as a smartphone.[34] A "Night Light" feature was added, which allows the user to change thecolor temperature of the display to the red part of the spectrum at specific times of day (similarly to the third-party softwaref.lux).[35]
The fifth stable build of Windows 10 is calledversion 1709, known as theFall Creators Update. It was codenamed "Redstone 3" (RS3) during development. This version was released on October 17, 2017.[36][37][38] Version 1709 introduces a new feature known as "My People", where shortcuts to "important" contacts can be displayed on the taskbar. Notifications involving these contacts appear above their respective pictures, and users can communicate with the contact via eitherSkype, e-mail, or text messaging (integrating withAndroid andWindows 10 Mobile devices). Support for additional services, including Xbox,Skype for Business, and third-party integration, are to be added in the future. Files can also be dragged directly to the contact's picture to share them.[39] My People was originally announced for Creators Update, but was ultimately held over to the next release,[40][41] and made its first public appearance in Build 16184 in late April 2017.[37] A new "Files-on-Demand" feature for OneDrive serves as a partial replacement for the previous "placeholders" function.[42]
It also introduces a new security feature known as "controlled folder access", which can restrict the applications allowed to access specific folders. This feature is designed mainly to defend against file-encryptingransomware.[43] This is also the first release that introduces DCH drivers.[citation needed]
The sixth stable build of Windows 10 is calledversion 1803, known as theApril 2018 Update. It was codenamed "Redstone 4" (RS4) during development. This version was released as a manual download on April 30, 2018, with a broad rollout on May 8, 2018.[44][45] This update was originally meant to be released on April 10, but was delayed because of a bug which could increase chances of a "Blue Screen of Death" (Stop error).[46]
The most significant feature of this build is Timeline, which is displayed within Task View. It allows users to view a list of recently used documents and websites from supported applications ("activities"). When users consent to Microsoft data collection viaMicrosoft Graph, activities can also be synchronized from supportedAndroid andiOS devices.[47][48][49][42]
The seventh stable build of Windows 10 is calledversion 1809, known as theOctober 2018 Update. It was codenamed "Redstone 5" (RS5) during development. This version was released on October 2, 2018.[50] Highlighted features on this build include updates to the clipboard function (including support for clipboard history and syncing with other devices),SwiftKeyvirtual keyboard, Snip & Sketch, and File Explorer supporting the dark color scheme mode.[51]
On October 6, 2018, the build was pulled by Microsoft following isolated reports of the update process deleting files from user directories.[52] It was re-released to Windows Insider channel on October 9, with Microsoft citing a bug in OneDrive's Known Folder Redirection function as the culprit.[53][54]
On November 13, 2018, Microsoft resumed the rollout of 1809 for a small percentage of users.[55][56]
The long term servicing release, Windows 10 Enterprise 2019 LTSC, is based on this version and is equivalent in terms of features.[57]
The eighth stable build of Windows 10,version 1903, codenamed "19H1", was released for general availability on May 21, 2019, after being on the Insider Release Preview branch since April 8, 2019.[58] Because of new practices introduced after the problems affecting the 1809 update, Microsoft used an intentionally slower Windows Update rollout process.[59][60][61]
New features in the update include a redesigned search tool—separated from Cortana and oriented towards textual queries, a new "Light" theme (set as default on Windows 10Home) using a white-colored taskbar with dark icons, the addition of symbols andkaomoji to the emoji input menu, the ability to "pause" system updates, automated "Recommended troubleshooting", integration withGoogle Chrome on Timeline via an extension, support for SMS-based authentication on accounts linked to Microsoft accounts, and the ability to run Windows desktop applications within the Windows Mixed Reality environment (previously restricted to universal apps andSteamVR only). A new feature onPro,Education, andEnterprise known as Windows Sandbox allows users to run applications within a securedHyper-V environment.[62][63]
A revamped version of Game Bar was released alongside 1903, which redesigns it into a larger overlay with a performance display, Xbox friends list and social functionality, and audio and streaming settings.[64]
The ninth stable build of Windows 10,version 1909, codenamed "19H2", was released to the public on November 12, 2019, after being on the Insider Release Preview branch since August 26, 2019.[65] Unlike previous updates, this one was released as a minor service update without major new features.[66]
The tenth stable build of Windows 10,version 2004, codenamed "20H1", was released to the public on May 27, 2020, after being on the Insider Release Preview branch since April 16, 2020.[67] New features included faster and easier access to Bluetooth settings and pairing, improvedKaomojis, renamable virtual desktops,DirectX 12 Ultimate, a chat-based UI for Cortana, greater integration with Android phones on the Your Phone app,Windows Subsystem for Linux 2 (WSL 2; WSL 2 includes a customLinux kernel, unlike its predecessor), the ability to use Windows Hello without the need for a password, improved Windows Search with integration with File Explorer, a cloud download option to reset Windows, accessibility improvements, and the ability to view disk drive type and discrete graphics card temperatures in Task Manager.[68][69]
The eleventh stable build of Windows 10,version 20H2, was released to the public on October 20, 2020, after being on the Beta Channel since June 16, 2020.[70] New features include new theme-aware tiles in the Start Menu, new features and improvements toMicrosoft Edge (such as a price comparison tool,Alt+Tab ↹ integration for tab switching, and easy access to pinned tabs), a new out-of-box experience with more personalization for the taskbar, notifications improvements, improvements to tablet mode, improvements to Modern Device Management, and the move of the System tab in Control Panel to the About page in Settings. This is the first version of Windows 10 to include the new Chromium-based Edge browser by default.[71][72][73]
The twelfth stable build of Windows 10,version 21H1, was released to the public on May 18, 2021, after being on the Beta Channel since February 17, 2021.[74] This update included multi-camera support for Windows Hello, a "News and Interests" feature on the taskbar, and performance improvements toWindows Defender Application Guard andWMI Group Policy Service.[75]
The thirteenth stable build of Windows 10,version 21H2, was released to the public on November 16, 2021, after being on the Beta Channel since July 15, 2021.[76][77] This update includedGPU compute support in theWindows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) and Azure IoT Edge for Linux on Windows (EFLOW) deployments, a new simplifiedpasswordless deployment models for Windows Hello for Business, support forWPA3 Hash-to-Element (H2E) standards and a new highlights feature for Search on the taskbar.
The fourteenth and final stable build of Windows 10,version 22H2, was released to the public on October 18, 2022, after being on the Release Preview Channel since July 28, 2022.[78][79][80] This update re-introduced the search box on the taskbar and includedCopilot in Windows, richer weather experience on the lock screen, additional quick status (such as sports, traffic and finance) on lock screen and a newWindows Spotlight desktop theme and new account manager experience on the Start menu.
On December 16, 2019, Microsoft announced that Windows Insiders in the Fast ring will receive builds directly from thers_prerelease branch, which are not matched to a specific Windows 10 release. The first build released under the new strategy, build 19536, was made available to Insiders on the same day.[81]
Themn_release branch was available from May 13, 2020, to June 17, 2020.[82][83] The branch was mandatory for Insiders in the Fast ring.[83]
As of June 15, 2020, Microsoft has introduced the "channels" model to its Windows Insider Program, succeeding its "ring" model.[106] All future builds starting from build 10.0.20150, therefore, would be released to Windows Insiders in the Dev Channel.[82]
Thefe_release branch was available from October 29, 2020, to January 6, 2021.[107][108] The branch was mandatory for Insiders until December 10. Afterward, Insiders could choose to move back to thers_prerelease branch.[109]
Theco_release branch was available from April 5 to June 14, 2021.[110] The branch was mandatory for Insiders.
As of June 28, 2021, the Dev Channel has transitioned toWindows 11.[111]
