Thewildlife ofAngola is composed of itsflora andfauna.
An atlas of the amphibians and reptiles of Angola was published in 2018, and reported 117 species of amphibians and 278 of reptiles.[1]
A major book on the biodiversity of Angola was published in 2019, and reported more than 2,000 species of organisms (plants, invertebrates and vertebrate animals),[2] and 1,313 fossil species.[3]
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The avifauna of Angola includes a total of 983 species, of which 14 are endemic, 1 has been introduced by humans, and 4 are rare or accidental. 20 species are globally threatened.[citation needed]
The western AngolaEndemic Bird Area has 14 range-restricted species. Little is known about the conservation status of the region's birds due to theAngolan Civil War from 1975 until 2002. The greatest diversity of restricted-range species is found inCuanza Sul Province, and given the uncertainty about their current status, many of these species are listed asthreatened.Gabela bushshrikes (Laniarius amboimensis) are common andMonteiro's bushshrikes (Malaconotus monteiri) are fairly common in degraded secondaryforest, oldcoffee plantations andprimary forest atKumbira.Pulitzer's longbills (Macrosphenus pulitzeri) are fairly common at higher elevations at Kumbira as well as in the dense understorey of secondary forest west of Seles.Angola cave chats ((Xenocopsychus ansorgei) are found on the rocky slopes above the forest at Kumbira.[citation needed]
There are currently at least 278 species of reptiles recorded in the country.[4]
There are currently 117 species of amphibians recorded in Angola.[5]
Angola had a 2018Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 8.35/10, ranking it 23rd globally out of 172 countries.[6] In Angolaforest cover is around 53% of the total land area, equivalent to 66,607,380 hectares (ha) of forest in 2020, down from 79,262,780 hectares (ha) in 1990. In 2020, naturally regenerating forest covered 65,800,190 hectares (ha) and planted forest covered 807,200 hectares (ha). Of the naturally regenerating forest 40% was reported to beprimary forest (consisting of native tree species with no clearly visible indications of human activity) and around 3% of the forest area was found within protected areas. For the year 2015, 100% of the forest area was reported to be underpublic ownership.[7][8]
The southern and central coasts include thewelwitschia, a primitive conifer. The grassy savanna aroundLobito includesbaobab andeuphorbia trees.[9]
TheHuambo,Benguela andHuíla provinces are home tomontane forest with rare flora.[citation needed]
The grassy savanna in the north includesmiombo woodland and some evergreen forest.[citation needed]