(block log •active blocks •global blocks •autoblocks •contribs •deleted contribs •abuse filter log •creation log •change block settings •unblock •checkuser (log))

extra text that appears in the box

• To create a new account with a different username, simply log out of this account and thenclick here to make a new one.
• If you prefer to change the username of this account, you may do so by adding the following text to the bottom of your user talk page(this page):{{unblock-un|new username|reason=Your reason here ~~~~}}.

Before requesting a new username, you shouldcheck if it's available first. To do this, simplyclick here and enter the username into the search field. If the search returns,"There is no global account for [username]", that means the username you entered is available.

Appeals: If your username is not in violation of Wikipedia'susername policy, and if you believe that this block was incorrect or made in error, you mayappeal this block by adding the following text to the bottom of your user talk page(this page):{{unblock|reason=Your reason here ~~~~}}.

This account has beenblocked because its username is either inflammatory, deliberately confusing, designed to impersonate legitimate users, or otherwise inappropriate.You are encouraged tocreate a new account and contribute to Wikipedia under a more appropriate username, and in aconstructive manner. SeeWikipedia:Username for guidance on selecting an appropriate username. You may also edit Wikipedia without creating an account. You are not allowed to edit Wikipedia under an inappropriate username, and trolling or other disruptive behavior is not tolerated. If you would like to discuss the block, you may edit your talk page or email the administrator who blocked you.

Due to Wikipedia's mechanism for enforcing name changes, yourIP address may be temporarily blocked. Unless you have also been engaging invandalism or impersonation of another user, we will remove that block as soon as possible — if this doesn't happen within an hour or so, please email an administrator and explain the situation (see thelist of administrators).

A username should not be promotional, related to a "real-world" group or organization, misleading, offensive, or disruptive. Also, usernames may not end in the word "bot" unless the account is an approvedbot account.

If you want tokeep the contributions from your old account for your new username, please follow these directions:

1. Add{{unblock-un|your new username here}} on your user talk page. You should be able to do this even though you are blocked, as you can usually still edit your own talk page. If not, you may wish to contact the blocking administrator by clicking on "Email this user" on their talk page.
2. At an administrator's discretion, you may be unblocked for 24 hours to file a request.
3. Please note that you may only request a name that is not already in use, so please checkhere for a listing of already taken names. The account is created upon acceptance, thus do not try to create the new account before making the request for a name change. For more information, please seeWikipedia:Changing username.

Note that this can only be done before you create the new one. For more information, please visitWikipedia:Changing username. In many cases (especially if your account has few or no edits), it is a lot easier tocreate a new account.

If you believe this block was made in error, you mayappeal this block by adding the text{{unblock|Your reason here ~~~~}} below. However, you should read theguide to appealing blocks first.

Your account has beenblocked indefinitely becauseyour username is a clear violation of Wikipedia'susername policy – it is obviously offensive, profane, violent, threatening, sexually explicit, disruptive, attacks or impersonates another person, or suggests that you do not intend to contribute positively to Wikipedia. Please see ourblocking andusername policies for more information.

We invite everyone to contribute constructively to Wikipedia, but users are not allowed to edit with accounts that have inappropriate usernames, and we do not tolerate 'bad faith' editing such astrolling or other disruptive behavior. If you believe that this block was incorrect or made in error, or would otherwise like to explain why you should be unblocked, you are welcome toappeal this block – read ourguide to appealing blocks to understand more about unblock requests, and then add the following text to the bottom of your user talk page:{{unblock-un|new username|your reason here ~~~~}}.

• To create a new account with a different username, simply log out of this account and thenclick here to make a new one.
• If you prefer to change the username of this account, you may do so by adding the following text to the bottom of your user talk page(this page):{{unblock-un|new username|reason=Your reason here ~~~~}}.

Before requesting a new username, you shouldcheck if it's available first. To do this, simplyclick here and enter the username into the search field. If the search returns,"There is no global account for [username]", that means the username you entered is available.

Appeals: If your username is not in violation of Wikipedia'susername policy, and if you believe that this block was incorrect or made in error, you mayappeal this block by adding the following text to the bottom of your user talk page(this page):{{unblock|reason=Your reason here ~~~~}}.

Your account has beenblocked indefinitely because its username implies administrative authority, which is generallyreserved for older accounts. In addition, your contributions do not suggest that you are here to contribute constructively to the encyclopedia. Please see ourblocking andusername policies for more information.

We invite everyone to contribute constructively to Wikipedia, but users are not allowed to edit with accounts that have inappropriate usernames, and we do not tolerate 'bad faith' editing such astrolling or other disruptive behavior. If you believe that this block was incorrect or made in error, or would otherwise like to explain why you should be unblocked, you are welcome toappeal this block – read ourguide to appealing blocks to understand more about unblock requests, and then add the following text to the bottom of your user talk page:{{unblock-un|new username|your reason here ~~~~}}.

• To create a new account with a different username, simply log out of this account and thenclick here to make a new one.
• If you prefer to change the username of this account, you may do so by adding the following text to the bottom of your user talk page(this page):{{unblock-un|new username|reason=Your reason here ~~~~}}.

Before requesting a new username, you shouldcheck if it's available first. To do this, simplyclick here and enter the username into the search field. If the search returns,"There is no global account for [username]", that means the username you entered is available.

Appeals: If your username is not in violation of Wikipedia'susername policy, and if you believe that this block was incorrect or made in error, you mayappeal this block by adding the following text to the bottom of your user talk page(this page):{{unblock|reason=Your reason here ~~~~}}.

Your account has beenblocked indefinitely because its username contains the suffix "-bot", which is generallyreserved for authorizedbot accounts. In addition, your contributions do not suggest that you are here to contribute constructively to the encyclopedia. Please see ourblocking andusername policies for more information.

We invite everyone to contribute constructively to Wikipedia, but users are not allowed to edit with accounts that have inappropriate usernames, and we do not tolerate 'bad faith' editing such astrolling or other disruptive behavior. If you believe that this block was incorrect or made in error, or would otherwise like to explain why you should be unblocked, you are welcome toappeal this block – read ourguide to appealing blocks to understand more about unblock requests, and then add the following text to the bottom of your user talk page:{{unblock-un|new username|your reason here ~~~~}}.

If youare theactual person represented by this username, please note that the practice of blocking accounts with such usernames isto protect you from being impersonated,not to discourage you from editing Wikipedia. You are welcome to continue editing Wikipedia using your account'scurrent username, but wehighly recommend that you have it changed to a different one first (see information below).

If you decide that you want to usethis username to edit Wikipedia and do not wish to have it changed(not recommended), please send an email toinfo-enwikimedia.org and include both your full real name and your Wikipedia account's current username in the body of the message. You will receive instructions from ourvolunteer response team about our verification process shortly afterwards.Please donot include or send any kind of documentation without being requested to do so first.

If youare not theactual person represented by this username, you will need to choose anew username before you can resume editing Wikipedia (see information below).

Please note your account's username should not be promotional or related to a "real-world" group or organization. It also cannot be misleading, violent, offensive, explicit, or disruptive. Usernames also cannot end with the word"bot" unless the account is an approvedWikipedia bot.

Please take a moment to either create a new account, or request ausername change to this account.

• To create a new account with a different username, simply log out of this account and thenclick here to make a new one.
• If you prefer to change the username of this account, you may do so by adding the following text to the bottom of your user talk page(this page):{{unblock-un|new username|reason=Your reason here ~~~~}}.

Before requesting a new username, you shouldcheck if it's available first. To do this, simplyclick here and enter the username into the search field. If the search returns,"There is no global account for [username]", that means the username you entered is available.

Appeals: If your username is not in violation of Wikipedia'susername policy, and if you believe that this block was incorrect or made in error, you mayappeal this block by adding the following text to the bottom of your user talk page(this page):{{unblock|reason=Your reason here ~~~~}}.

New accounts are blocked if their username is too similar to the username of another account. This is done in order to prevent confusion, impersonation, or abuse.This block is not meant to punish you, nor is it meant to imply or accuse you of any wrongdoing.

You are welcome tocreate a new account with a username that is more easily distinguishable, or if you'd rather continue using this account, request a username change by:

1. Clicking on "Edit" in order to modify this page.
2. Adding{{unblock-un|user=your new username here|reason=your reason here}} to the bottom of your talk page.
3. Replacing "your new username here" with the username you'd like to be changed to, and replacing "your reason here" with any information that you'd like to provide to the reviewing administrator.
4. Clicking on "Publish changes".

Thank you.

You should also read ourconflict of interest guideline and be aware that promotional editing is not acceptable, regardless of the username that you choose. Additionally, if your contributions to Wikipedia form all or part of work for which you are, or expect to be, paid or compensated in any way, you mustdisclose who is paying you. You may also readour FAQ for article subjects.

• To create a new account with a different username, simply log out of this account and thenmake a new one.
• If you prefer to change the username of this account, you may do so by adding the following text to the bottom of your user talk page(this page):{{unblock-un|new username|reason=Your reason here ~~~~}}.
  • Before requesting your new username,check if it is still available. If the search says"There is no global account for [username]", the username is free to use.

The new username that you choosemust represent you as an individual:

• You are permitted to use a username that contains the name of a company or organizationif it also identifies you individually. Examples include:"Sara Smith at XYZ Company","Mark at WidgetsUSA", or"FoobarFan87", butnot "SEO Manager at XYZ Company".

If your username does not represent a group, organization, department, website, or other entity described above, and if you believe that this block was incorrect or made in error, you mayappeal this block by adding the following text to the bottom of your user talk page(this page):{{unblock|reason=Your reason here ~~~~}}. 

It also appears that your account is intended to be used for the purpose oftelling the world about an organization, person or cause that you consider worthwhile. Unfortunately, many good causes are not sufficientlynotable for their own Wikipedia article, and all users are discouraged from editing in any area where they have aninherent conflict of interest. You may wish to consider one of thesealternative outlets. Additionally, if your contributions to Wikipedia form all or part of work for which you are, or expect to be, paid or compensated in any way, you mustdisclose who is paying you. You may also readour FAQ for article subjects.

• To create a new account with a different username, simply log out of this account and thenmake a new one.
• If you prefer to change the username of this account, you may do so by adding the following text to the bottom of your user talk page(this page):{{unblock-un|new username|reason=Your reason here ~~~~}}.
  • Before requesting your new username,check if it is still available. If the search says"There is no global account for [username]", the username is free to use.

The new username that you choosemust represent you as an individual:

• You are permitted to use a username that contains the name of a company or organizationif it also identifies you individually. Examples include:"Sara Smith at XYZ Company","Mark at WidgetsUSA", or"FoobarFan87", butnot "SEO Manager at XYZ Company".

If your username does not represent a group, organization, department, website, or other entity described above, and if you believe that this block was incorrect or made in error, you mayappeal this block by adding the following text to the bottom of your user talk page(this page):{{unblock|reason=Your reason here ~~~~}}. 

If you intend to make useful contributions instead of promoting your business or organization, you may request unblock and a username change. In your reasons,you must follow all these steps:

1. Disclose any compensation you may receive for your contributions in accordance with thepaid-contribution disclosure requirement; and
2. Convince us that you understand the reason for your block and that you will not repeat the kind of edits for which you were blocked; and
3. Describe in general terms the contributions that you intend to make if you are unblocked; and
4. Provide a new username.

To do this, insert the text{{unblock-spamun|Your proposed new username|Your reason here}} at the bottom of your talk page. Replace the text "Your proposed new username" with your new username and replace the text "Your reason here" with your reasons to be unblocked.

Before requesting a new username,check if it is still available. If the search says"There is no global account for [username]", the username is free to use.

Your account has beenblocked indefinitely because it isbeing used only for vandalism. Furthermore, your username is a blatant violation of Wikipedia'susername policy, meaning that it is profane, threatens, attacks or impersonates another person, or suggests that your intention is not to contribute to the encyclopedia. Please see ourblocking andusername policies for more information.

We invite everyone to contribute constructively to Wikipedia, but users are not allowed to edit with accounts that have inappropriate usernames, and we do not tolerate 'bad faith' editing such astrolling or other disruptive behavior. If you believe that this block was incorrect or made in error, or would otherwise like to explain why you should be unblocked, you are welcome toappeal this block – read ourguide to appealing blocks to understand more about unblock requests, and then add the following text to the bottom of your user talk page:{{unblock-un|new username|your reason here ~~~~}}.

If you believe this block is unjustified, please read theguide to appealing blocks (specificallythis section) before appealing. Place the following on your talk page:{{unblock|reason=Please copy my appeal to the [[WP:AE|arbitration enforcement noticeboard]] or [[WP:AN|administrators' noticeboard]].Your reason here OR place the reason below this template. ~~~~}}. If you intend to appeal on the arbitration enforcement noticeboard, I suggest you use thearbitration enforcement appeals template on your talk page so it can be copied over easily. You may also appeal directly to me (by email), before or instead of appealing on your talk page. 

Editing by unregistered users from your sharedIP address or address range may be currently disabled due to abuse. However, you are still able to edit if yousign in with an account. If you are currently blocked fromcreating an account, and cannot create one elsewhere in the foreseeable future, you may follow the instructions atWikipedia:Request an account to request that volunteers create your username for you. Pleaseuse an email address issued to you by your ISP, school or organization so that we may verify that you are a legitimate user on this network. Please reference this block in the comment section of the form.

Please check onthis list that theusername you choose has not already been taken. We apologize for any inconvenience.

Due to persistentvandalism, anonymous editing from your school, library, or educational institution'sIP address isblocked (disabled). You will continue to have access to read the encyclopedia. If you are logged in but still unable to edit, please followthese instructions. To prevent abuse, account creation via this IP address might also be disabled.

If account creation is disabled and you are unable to create an account elsewhere, you can request one by following the instructions atWikipedia:Request an account. Please check onthis list that theusername you choose has not already been taken. If editing is required forclass projects, please have your instructor or network administrator contact us (with reference to this IP address) at theUnblock Ticket Request System with a contact email address that is listed on your school's website. Thank you for your cooperation.

Due to persistentvandalism, editing from your school, library, or educational institution'sIP address isblocked (disabled). You will continue to have access to read the encyclopedia.

If editing is required forclass projects, please have your instructor or network administrator contact us (with reference to this IP address) at theUnblock Ticket Request System with a contact email address that is listed on your school's website.

Comments: comments

Due to the threat of abuse, as with other anonymizing proxy systems,Tor exit nodes may be blocked from editing Wikipedia. For more information, please see theWikiProject Open proxies.

[contribs •block log •block list] · [block •unblock]

This IP address range isblocked because it isan anonymizing proxy that forms part ofExample VPN service. Please read the instructions below to edit.

This range is owned byExample CDN provider, acontent delivery network provider, and is believed to be used as ananonymizing proxy. Anonymizing proxies are routinely blocked in order to prevent abuse.

Solutions:

• Turn off your VPN or traffic anonymizer. Services that use this method of anonymization includeApple Private Relay andCloudflare WARP. For Apple iCloud Private Relay users,temporarily disable it for Wikipedia.
• If you are an established editor, you may requestIP block exemption.

We apologize for the inconvenience.

Due to persistentvandalism, anonymous editing from this publicly accessible Wi-Fi network'sIP address isblocked (disabled). You will continue to have access to read the encyclopedia. If you are logged in but still unable to edit, please followthese instructions. To prevent abuse, account creation via this IP address might also be disabled.

If account creation is disabled and you are unable to create an account elsewhere, you can request one by following the instructions atWikipedia:Request an account. Please check onthis list that theusername you choose has not already been taken. Thank you for your cooperation.