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Wets anddries areBritish political terms that refer to opposing factions within theConservative Party. The terms originated in the 1980s during the premiership ofMargaret Thatcher: those who opposed some of Thatcher's morehard-line policies were often referred to by their opponents as "wets"; in response, supporters of Thatcher were referred to as "dries".
In British slang, "wet" meant weak, "inept, ineffectual, effete".[1] Within the political context, the term was used by Thatcher's supporters as both as a noun and as an adjective to characterise people or policies which Thatcher would have considered weak or "wet". Thatcher coined the usage in 1979–80, with the meaning of feeble, lacking hardness, or willing to compromise with theunions.[2] The label was especially applied to senior members of Thatcher's government who were nevertheless outside her inner circle and who expressed opposition to her strictmonetarist policies, and her cuts to public spending.[3]
Hugo Young identifies the most important "inner" wets asJim Prior,Peter Walker, andSir Ian Gilmour, as well asLord Carrington andNorman St John-Stevas. The "outer" wets were more fragmented and less visible. They includedFrancis Pym,Michael Heseltine andLord Hailsham.[4]
Gilmour was the most outspoken, delivering a lecture at Cambridge in February 1980 where he argued: "In the Conservative view,economic liberalism à laProfessor Hayek, because of its starkness and its failure to create a sense of community, is not a safeguard of political freedom but a threat to it."[5]
In the 1980s,Nick's Diner was started.[6] Named in honour ofNicholas Scott, at the time a rising star of the anti-Thatcher wing of the Party, it served as a convivial meeting ground for wet MPs.[7]
In retaliation to being labelled as "wet", Thatcher's opponents within the party began referring to her supporters as the "dries".[8] Policies which came to be labelled as "dry" included foremostly reducing public spending, cutting taxes, raising interest rates, tightly controlling the money supply, and reducing the regulatory power of the state – all policies which were closely associated with Thatcher.
Outside of the Parliamentary Conservative Party, the youth sections of the Party saw increasingly bitter factional battles between "wets" and "dries". TheYoung Conservatives wing of the party remained in the hands of a strong "wet" andOne Nation (Tory Reform Group) faction until 1989, whilst theFederation of Conservative Students remained in the hands of an alliance of libertarian andMonday Club supporters.[citation needed]
A similar factional identification exists in theLiberal Party of Australia, which is also a centre-right party like the Tories. The Australian Liberal Party also has a similar split, but in terms of social policy between right-wing social conservatives andsocially progressive Liberals, better known as moderates.[9][10]
