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Western Subanon language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Austronesian language spoken on the Philippines

Western Subanon
Siocon Subanon
Native to	Philippines
Region	WesternMindanao
Native speakers	300,000 (2018)^[1]
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian Philippine Greater Central Philippine Subanen Western Subanon
Dialects	Siocon Western Kolibugan
Language codes
ISO 639-3	`suc`
Glottolog	`west2811`

Western Subanon (also known asSiocon Subanon or simplySubanon) is anAustronesian language belongingSubanen branch of theGreater Central Philippine subgroup. It is spoken by c. 300,000 people (as of 2018^[update]) in the southwestern part of theZamboanga Peninsula region of Mindanao.

Distribution and dialects

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The Western Subanon speech area includes the villages Malayal, Lintangan, Lanuti, and Limpapa in the municipality ofSibuco, and parts ofSiocon,Baliguian,Labason,Surabay, andIpil, all located in theZamboanga Peninsula region.^[1] The dialects are Siocon and Western Kolibugan (Western Kalibugan).^[2]

Phonology

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Western Subanon has 15 native consonants.^[3]^[1]

Consonants

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Consonant phonemes
		Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosive	voiceless	p	t		k	ʔ
Plosive	voiced	b	d		ɡ
Fricative			s			h
Nasal		m	n		ŋ
Lateral			l
Semivowel				j	w

Vowels

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Western Subanon has five vowels.^[3]^[1]

Monophthongs
	Front	Central	Back
High	i		u
Mid	e		o
Low		a

The diphthongs of Western Subanon are/au/,/ua/,/io/,/oi/,/ai/, and/ia/.

Grammar

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Western Subanon has a typicalPhilippine-type voice system. Unlike most otherPhilippine languages, it only has three voice categories.^[4]^[5]

Voice affixes
	volitional		non-volitional
	realis	irrealis	realis	irrealis
Actor voice	‹um›‹in› mig-	‹um› mog-	miko-	moko-
Patient voice	‹in› pig-	-on pog-	mi-	mo-
Goal voice	‹in› -an pig- -an	-an pog- -an	ki- -an	ko- -an

Sample text

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The chorus of the Western Subanon song "Momula ita" 'Let's plant' is shown.^[3]

Gumani ita
Gumani ita
Landu’ da’da’an ta
Po’ gumani ita
Gumani ita
Gumani ita
Di’ na mobon sinsaan ta
Gumani ita

Translation:

We will harvest (or, Let's harvest)
We will harvest
Great is our rejoicing
Because we will harvest
We will harvest
We will harvest
Our suffering will not last long
We will harvest

References

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^^a ^b ^c ^dBulalang, Sharon (2018)."Two Patterns of /a/ and /o/ Alternation in Subanon".Oceanic Linguistics.57 (2):289–302.doi:10.1353/ol.2018.0013.S2CID 149975971.
^"Subanon, Western".Ethnologue. Retrieved2022-05-28.
^^a ^b ^cEstioca, Sharon Joy."Subanon (Spring 2015)".Language Documentation Training Center. University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. Archived fromthe original on 10 April 2019. Retrieved2 September 2017.
^Hall, William C. (1969). "A Classification of Siocon Subanon Verbs".Anthropological Linguistics.11 (7):209–215.JSTOR 30029228.
^Hauk, Bryn (2019). "Functions of the Subanonmo-Prefix: Evidence from Paradigms and Argument Structure".Oceanic Linguistics.85 (2):257–291.doi:10.1353/ol.2019.0009.

Bikol	Albay Bikol Central Bikol Isarog Agta Mount Iraya Agta Mount Iriga Agta Pandan Bikol Rinconada
Bisayan	Aklanon Asi Bantayanon Baybay Butuanon Caluyanon Capiznon Cebuano Boholano Old Cebuano † Cuyonon Hiligaynon Kabalian Karay-a Karolanos Magahat Masbateño Northern Sorsogon Onhan Porohanon Ratagnon Romblomanon Southern Sorsogon Sulod Surigaonon Tausug Waray
Mansakan	Davawenyo Kalagan Kamayo Mamanwa Mandaya Mansaka
Tagalic	Kasiguranin Tagalog Old Tagalog † Batangueño Filipino
(unclassified)	Ata †

Western Subanon

Northern Alta Southern Alta
Central Cordilleran	Balangao Bontoc Ifugao Isinai Itneg Kalinga Kankanaey Tuwali
Southern Cordilleran	Bugkalot Ibaloi Iwaak Kalanguya Karao Pangasinan

Northern Mindoro

Sangiric

Other branches

Ati Klata Umiray Dumaget
Manide–Alabat	Inagta Alabat Manide ?Katabangan †

Reconstructed

Proto-Philippine †

† indicatesextinct status
? indicates classification dispute

Languages of the Philippines

Official languages

Regional languages

Indigenous languages
(byregion)

Bangsamoro	Iranun Pangutaran Sama Sama
Bicol Region	Albay Bikol Inagta Partido Manide Masbateño Mount Iraya Agta Mount Iriga Agta Northern Sorsogon Pandan Bikol Rinconada Bikol Southern Catanduanes Bikol Southern Sorsogon
Cagayan Valley	Arta Atta Bugkalot Central Cagayan Agta Dinapigue Agta Dupaningan Agta Gaddang Isinai Itawis Itbayat Kalanguya Karao Malaweg Nagtipunan Agta Paranan Agta Paranan Yogad
Calabarzon	Inagta Alabat Manide Hatang Kayi (Remontado) Southern Alta Umiray Dumaget
Caraga	Agusan Ata Manobo Butuanon Higaonon Kamayo Mamanwa
Central Luzon	Abellen Ambala Antsi Botolan Casiguran Dumagat Agta Indi Kasiguranin Mariveleño Northern Alta Southern Alta Umiray Dumaget
Central Visayas	Bantayanon Eskayan Karolanos Magahat Porohanon
Cordillera	Atta Balangao Bontoc Ga'dang Ibaloi Ifugao Isnag Itawis Itneg Iwaak Kalanguya Kalinga Kankanaey Malaweg Tuwali
Davao Region	Blaan Davaoeño Kalagan Klata Mandaya Mansaka Obo Sangir Sarangani Tagabawa
Eastern Visayas	Abaknon Baybay Kabalian
Ilocos Region	Bolinao
Metro Manila	Taglish
Mimaropa	Agutaynen Alangan Asi Batak Buhid Calamian Tagbanwa Central Tagbanwa Cuyonon Hanunoo Iraya Kagayanen Molbog Onhan Palawano Ratagnon Romblomanon Tadyawan Tawbuid
Northern Mindanao	Bukid Higaonon Ilianen Iranun Kamigin Matigsalug Subanen Western Bukidnon
Soccsksargen	Blaan Cotabato Manobo Ilianen Iranun Obo Tboli Teduray
Western Visayas	Ata Ati Caluyanon Capiznon Sulod
Zamboanga Peninsula	Sibuco-Vitali Sama Subanen