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West Gyalrongic languages

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Branch of the Gyalrongic languages of Sino-Tibetan
West Gyalrongic
Geographic
distribution
China
Linguistic classificationSino-Tibetan
Subdivisions
Language codes
Glottologwest2973 (West Gyalrongic)

TheWest Gyalrongic languages constitute a group ofGyalrongic languages. On the basis of both morphological and lexical evidence, Lai et al. (2020) add the extinctTangut language to West Gyalrongic.[1] Beaudouin (2023) through a morphosyntactic analysis based on phonetic correspondences, shows that Tangut should be included within the Horpa languages.[2]

History

[edit]

Sagart et al. (2019) estimate that West and East Gyalrongic had diverged from each other about 3,000 years before present.[3]

Although Tangut is most commonly associated withYinchuan, the capital of theTangut Empire, Zhoushan (周山, Zhōushān) inJinchuan County (Chinese: 金川縣 Jīnchuān Xiàn,Written Tibetan:Chuchen; roughly located between the territories ofKhroskyabs andSitu speakers today) had a historically attested population of Tangut people in 945 AD. As a result, based on both historiographical and linguistic evidence, Lai et al. (2020) place the ultimate homeland of the Tangut in present-day westernSichuan.[1]

However, the Tangut were already rulers of theDingnan Jiedushi from 881AD, which indicates another scenario, as they could not migrate to a place they were already situated.

References

[edit]
  1. ^abLai, Yunfan; Gong, Xun; Gates, Jesse P.; Jacques, Guillaume (2020-12-01). "Tangut as a West Gyalrongic language".Folia Linguistica.54 (s41 –s1). Walter de Gruyter GmbH:171–203.doi:10.1515/flih-2020-0006.ISSN 1614-7308.
  2. ^Beaudouin, Mathieu (2023-09-14)."Tangut and Horpa languages: Some shared morphosyntactic features".Language and Linguistics.24 (4):611–673.doi:10.1075/lali.00142.bea.ISSN 1606-822X.
  3. ^Sagart, Laurent;Jacques, Guillaume; Lai, Yunfan; Ryder, Robin; Thouzeau, Valentin;Greenhill, Simon J.;List, Johann-Mattis (2019), "Dated language phylogenies shed light on the history of Sino-Tibetan",Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,116 (21):10317–10322,doi:10.1073/pnas.1817972116,PMC 6534992,PMID 31061123.
  • Guillaume Jacques; Yunfan Lai; Anton Antonov; Lobsang Nima. 2017. "Stau (Ergong, Horpa)." In Graham Thurgood and Randy J. LaPolla (eds.),The Sino-Tibetan Languages, 597–613. London & New York: Routledge.
Sino-Tibetan branches
WesternHimalayas (Himachal,
Uttarakhand,Nepal,Sikkim)
Greater Magaric
Map of Sino-Tibetan languages
EasternHimalayas
(Tibet,Bhutan,Arunachal)
Myanmar and Indo-
Burmese border
Naga
Sal
East andSoutheast Asia
Burmo-Qiangic
Dubious (possible
isolates,Arunachal)
Greater Siangic
Proposed groupings
Proto-languages
Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches.
Na-Qiangic languages
Naic
Namuyi
Shixing
Naish
Ersuic
Qiangic
Qiang
Gyalrongic
East Gyalrongic
West Gyalrongic
Chamdo
Choyo
Muya
Pumi
Zhaba
Cross (†) anditalics indicateextinct languages.
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