Wenzel Jaksch
Wenzel Jaksch in 1963
Born	(1896-09-25)25 September 1896 Langstrobnitz,Kingdom of Bohemia,Austria-Hungary
Died	27 November 1966(1966-11-27) (aged 70) Wiesbaden,West Germany
Occupation	Politician
Political party	SPÖ DSAP SPD

Wenzel Jaksch (25 September 1896 – 27 November 1966) was aSudeten GermanSocial Democrat politician and the president of theFederation of Expellees in 1964 to 1966.^[1]

Jaksch was born in Langstrobnitz,Bohemia,Austria-Hungary (nowHorní Stropnice,Czech Republic), and started to work as a construction worker in the age of 14 inVienna. He joined theAustrian Social Democratic Party in 1913 and served in the Austrian Army inWorld War I, where he was badly wounded. After World War I he started to work as a journalist for a German language Social-Democratic newspaper inCzechoslovakia.^[1]

In 1929 he was elected as a member of the Parliament of Czechoslovakia inPrague representing theGerman Social Democratic Workers Party in the Czechoslovak Republic, of which he became the chairman in 1938.^[2] Jaksch opposed the growing influence ofNazis in Sudeten German Politics.^[3] AfterGermany invaded Czechoslovakia in March 1939, Wenzel escaped to Poland, and after theGerman invasion of Poland toGreat Britain, where he represented the interests of the Sudeten Germans in theCzechoslovak government-in-exile.^[1][3] During the war, Jaksch's relations with the Czechoslovak leadership became strained as their willingness to sacrifice the Sudetenland Germans in favor of more powerful allies grew increasingly obvious.^[4]AfterWorld War II theGermans were expelled from Czechoslovakia. Influenced byEdvard Beneš, the British Government refused to allow Jaksch's return toWestern Germany until 1949.^[5] In 1949 he became responsible for Refugee affairs in the Social-Democratic Party of Germany, from 1950 to 1953 he became director of theHessian State Office for Expellees, Refugees and Evacuees, and in 1951 he founded theSeliger-Gemeinde, an Association of Sudeten German Social Democrats. In April 1960 Jaksch regretted that West German politicians officially claimed only the 1937 borders of formerNazi Germany and declared that "No Sudeten German would go back to his homeland if he felt that he would belong to a minority", demanding annexation and union (Anschluss) of "German speaking territories" with Germany as a "sensible solution".^[6] In 1957 he was elected a member of theBundestag, in 1961 he became the Vice-President of the Sudeten German Federal Assembly and in 1964 he became the President of the German Federation of Expellees.^[1]

Jaksch was the president of the German Foundation for European Peace Questions (Deutsche Stiftung für Europäische Friedensfragen) and a member of the Sudeten German Council.^[1]

Jaksch died in a road accident inWiesbaden.^[2]

• Grand Merit Cross with Star of theOrder of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
• Badge of Honour of theFederation of Expellees (Bund der Vertriebenen)
• Honorary letter of theSudeten German Homeland Association
• Rudolf Lodgmann Badge^[3]
• Jaksch Wenzel Jaksch prize of Seliger community is named (mentality Community Sudeten Social Democrats).
• Streets named in his honour inWiesbaden,Nauheim,Bad Vilbel andGriesheim (where he lived)
• Memorial plaque at Lindauer 34-36 inOttakring (the 16th district of Vienna) at the great social democrats

• "Was kommt nach Hitler?" In: Jitka Vondrová,Češi a sudetoněmecká otázka, 1939
• Can industrial peoples be transferred? The future of the Sudeten population, Executive of the Sudeten Social Democratic Party (Herausg.), London 1943
• "Mass transfer of minorities", in:Socialist commentary (4 S.), London, ca. 1944
• Sudeten labour and the Sudeten problem. A report to international labour, Herausg.: Executive of the Sudeten German Social Democracy Party, London 1945. - 47 S.
• Wir heischen Gehör - ein wichtiges historisches Dokument für die Wiedergutmachung der völkerrechtswidrigen Ausweisungen; Petition an die Vereinten Nationen / von Wenzel Jaksch (37 S.). München, Verl. "Das Volk", 1948.
• Sozialdemokratie und Sudetenproblem (15 S.), Frankfurt a. M./Höchst, 1949
• Der Dolchstoß gegen den Frieden. Richters neue Legende, SPD-Faltblatt, Bonn, ca. 1950
• Heimatrecht. Anspruch und Wirklichkeit (with Erich von Hoffmann), Verlag der Altherrenschaft bündischer Studentenverbände, Erlangen 1957.
• Europas Weg nach Potsdam (533 S.), 1958; 4. Auflage (mit einem Nachruf von Willy Brandt), München 1990,ISBN 3-7844-2304-3. (Das Hauptwerk von Wenzel Jaksch)
• Der 4. März 1919 und das Elend der deutschen Geschichtsschreibung, Verlag des Münchner Buchgewerbehauses, München 1959.
• "Deutsche Ostpolitik – ein Experiment in Sachlichkeit", in:Die Neue Gesellschaft, Nr. 12/1965, S. 800–802.
• Gedanken zur Ostpolitik, Verlag „Die Brücke“, Hg.: Seliger-Gemeinde, 32 Seiten, ca. 1966

• Martin K. Bachstein:Wenzel Jaksch und die sudetendeutsche Sozialdemokratie. Munich, 1974.
• Detlef Brandes:Der Weg zur Vertreibung 1938–1945. Pläne und Entscheidungen zum Transfer der Deutschen aus der Tschechoslowakei und aus Polen. Munich, 2001.
• Edmund Jauernig:Sozialdemokratie und Revanchismus. Zur Geschichte und Politik Wenzel Jakschs und der Seliger Gemeinde.Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, East Berlin 1968.
• Hans-Werner Martin:„… nicht spurlos aus der Geschichte verschwinden“: Wenzel Jaksch und die Integration der sudetendeutschen Demokraten in die SPD nach dem II. Weltkrieg (1945–1949). Lang, Frankfurt, 1996.
• Friedrich Prinz:Benes, Jaksch und die Sudetendeutschen. Stuttgart: Seliger-Archiv, 1975, 76 S.
• Michael Schwartz:Wenzel Jaksch (1896–1966). Biografische Schlaglichter auf einen Sozialdemokraten aus Mitteleuropa (Beiträge aus dem Archiv der sozialen Demokratie, 19), Bonn: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung 2023 (in German).
• Emil Werner:Wenzel Jaksch, Bonn 1991.

• Wenzel Jaksch in theGerman National Library catalogue
• Biography by Martin K. BachsteinArchived 2008-10-09 at theWayback Machine(in German)

• 1896 births
• 1966 deaths
• People from České Budějovice District
• German Bohemian people
• Sudeten German people
• Social Democratic Party of Austria politicians
• German Social Democratic Workers' Party in the Czechoslovak Republic politicians
• Members of the Chamber of Deputies of Czechoslovakia (1929–1935)
• Members of the Chamber of Deputies of Czechoslovakia (1935–1939)
• Members of the Bundestag for North Rhine-Westphalia
• Members of the Executive of the Labour and Socialist International
• Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
• German people of German Bohemian descent
• Road incident deaths in West Germany
• Members of the Bundestag for the Social Democratic Party of Germany
• People from Austria-Hungary
• German language activists

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