Wenshan Prefecture | |
|---|---|
| Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture 文山壮族苗族自治州 Vwnzsanh Bouxcuengh Myauzcuz Swcicouh Wenx Shangb Langs Hmongb Zif Zhif Zheub | |
 Urban skyline of capitalWenshan City  Nong'sTusi Chiefdom Office .jpg) Puzhehei Lake  Malipo Martyrs Cemetery  WenshanNotoginseng International Trading Center | |
 Location of Honghe Prefecture in Yunnan | |
| Coordinates (Wenshan Prefecture government):23°24′N104°13′E / 23.40°N 104.22°E /23.40; 104.22 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Yunnan |
| GB/T 2260 CODE[1] | 532600 |
| Admin HQ | Wenshan |
| Admin units | |
| Area | |
• Total | 31,409.12 km2 (12,127.13 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,263 m (4,144 ft) |
| Population (2010) | |
• Total | 3,517,941 |
| • Density | 112.0038/km2 (290.0885/sq mi) |
| GDP[2] | |
| • Total | CN¥ 140.5 billion US$ 20.7 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 40,748 US$ 6,010 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 663000[3] |
| Area code | 0876[3] |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-YN-26 |
| Licence plate prefixes | 云H |
| Website | www |
| 1Yunnan Statistics Bureau[1] 2Yunnan Portal[2] | |
| Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 文山壮族苗族自治州 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 文山壯族苗族自治州 | ||||||
| |||||||
| Zhuang name | |||||||
| Zhuang | Vwnzsanh Bouxcuengh Myauzcuz Swcicouh | ||||||
| Dananshan Miao name | |||||||
| Dananshan Miao | Wenx Shangb Langs Hmongb Zif Zhif Zheub | ||||||
Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture is anautonomous prefecture in southeasternYunnan Province, People's Republic of China, and is the easternmost prefecture-level division of the province. It bordersBaise,Guangxi, to the east, Vietnam'sTuyên Quang Province to the south for 438 kilometres (272 mi),Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture to the west, andQujing to the north.
| Map | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010) | Area(km2) | Density(/km2) |
| Wenshan City | 文山市 | Wénshān Shì | 481,504 | 3,064 | 157 |
| Yanshan County | 砚山县 | Yànshān Xiàn | 463,264 | 3,888 | 119 |
| Xichou County | 西畴县 | Xīchóu Xiàn | 255,286 | 1,545 | 165 |
| Malipo County | 麻栗坡县 | Málìpō Xiàn | 277,960 | 2,395 | 116 |
| Maguan County | 马关县 | Mǎguān Xiàn | 367,507 | 2,755 | 133 |
| Qiubei County | 丘北县 | Qiūběi Xiàn | 477,441 | 5,150 | 93 |
| Guangnan County | 广南县 | Guǎngnán Xiàn | 787,449 | 7,983 | 99 |
| Funing County | 富宁县 | Fùníng Xiàn | 407,530 | 5,459 | 75 |
Wenshan is highly diverse. According to a local saying, "Han and Hui live by the market, Zhuang and Dai live by the water, Miao and Yi live on the mountains, and Yao live among the valleys." (汉族、回族住街头，壮族、傣族住水头，苗族、彝族住山头，瑶族住箐头。)
Some of Wenshan's ethnic groups include:
Yunnan (1979)[7] lists Jiazhou甲州 (pop. 475), Longjiang龙降 (pop. 54), Tusi土司 (pop. 134), and Bendi本地 (pop. 7) as Zhuang subgroups of unknown linguistic affiliation.
TheWenshan Prefecture Gazetteer (文山壮族苗族自治州志) (2000) and theWenshan Prefecture Ethnic Gazetteer (文山壮族苗族自治州志) (2005) list the following Yi ethnic subdivisions in Wenshan Prefecture.
TheWenshan Prefecture Gazetteer (文山壮族苗族自治州志) (2000) lists the following Yao ethnic subdivisions in Wenshan Prefecture.
Among the resident population, theHan population is 1,501,852, accounting for 42.69% of the total population; theethnic minorities population is 2,016,089, accounting for 57.31% of the total population.
| National name | Han | Zhuang | Hmong | Yi | Yao | Hui | Dai | Bai | Buyi | Mongol | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 1501848 | 1027282 | 481239 | 351597 | 87709 | 24774 | 15776 | 9130 | 7257 | 5655 | 5679 |
| Proportion of total population (%) | 42.69 | 29.20 | 13.68 | 9.99 | 2.49 | 0.70 | 0.45 | 0.26 | 0.21 | 0.16 | 0.16 |
| Proportion of minority population (%) | --- | 50.95 | 23.87 | 17.44 | 4.35 | 1.23 | 0.78 | 0.45 | 0.36 | 0.28 | 0.28 |
TheWenshan Prefecture Gazetteer文山壮族苗族自治州志 (2000) lists the following Gelao ethnic subdivisions in Wenshan Prefecture. The Gelao of Wenshan are also locally known as the Laobazi老巴子 or Bazi巴子.
The prefecture has been inhabited for at least 4000 years, as evidenced by surviving neolithic rock art inMalipo County. TheYelang kingdom existed in the area during the 3rd century BC.
The seat ofGuangnan, known today as Liancheng (莲城镇), was the heart of theGouding Kingdom (句町) that lasted approximately 400 years, from 111 BC to 316 AD.
