| Full name | Wanderers Football Club | |
|---|---|---|
| Nickname | Rovers | |
| Founded | 1859 (as Forest F.C.) | |
| Dissolved | 1887 | |
Wanderers Football Club was an Englishassociation football club. It was founded as "Forest Football Club" in 1859 inLeytonstone. In 1864, it changed its name to "Wanderers", a reference to it never having a home stadium, instead playing at various locations in London and the surrounding area. Comprising mainly former pupils of the leading Englishpublic schools, Wanderers was one of the dominant teams in the early years of organised football and won the inauguralFootball Association Challenge Cup (now known as the FA Cup) in1872. The club won the competition five times in total, including three in succession from 1876 to 1878, a feat which has been repeated only once.
The club was a founder member ofThe Football Association (as Forest F.C.) in 1863 and playedfriendly matches only until the advent of the FA Cup in 1871. Prior to the standardisedLaws of the Game, Wanderers played matches under various rules, and continued to do so even after the formation of the FA. Among the players who represented the club wereC. W. Alcock, the so-called "father of modern sport", andArthur Kinnaird, regarded as the greatest player of his day. By the 1880s the club's fortunes had declined and it was reduced to playing a single annual match againstHarrow School, thealma mater of many of its founders. The club had dissolved by around 1887.
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The club was initially formed as Forest Football Club in 1859 by a number of formerpublic school pupils, primarily recent Old Harrovian school leavers who wanted to continue to play the sport.[1][2] The founding members includedCharles W. Alcock, who had just left Harrow School, his brotherJohn F. Alcock, J. Pardoe and brothers A. and W. J. Thompson.[3] SeveralOld Foresters also played for the Forest club, asForest School was located less than a mile north of the ground.[4]
Forest's home ground from 1859 to 1865 was at Forest Place on Leyton Flats, a part ofEpping Forest by the Whipps Cross Road betweenSnaresbrook andLeytonstone.[4][5][6] For the first two years of the club's existence, the players organised matches among themselves at Forest Place. The first match against another club took place on 15 March 1862, and resulted in a victory overCrystal Palace (not the modern club of the same name).[7] Both this match, and a return fixture between the two teams the following month, involved fifteen players on each team.[8] At the time, the rules of association football had not been codified, and many variants existed, differing in the number of players per team, whether players were permitted to play the ball with their hands, or the method of scoring goals. The club's rulebook from 1861 was based on theCambridge rules of 1856 with a small number of additions.[9][10] In a September 1862 newspaper advertisement, the club sought opponents for matches "on the rules of the University of Cambridge".[11]
In 1863 the Forest club was among the founder members ofThe Football Association (the FA) and adopted the rules set down by that body, although they continued to play occasional matches under other sets of rules against clubs not affiliated to the FA.[12]
The following year, the club played its first match under the name Wanderers Football Club, againstN.N. Club ofKilburn.[13] Alcock had decided, possibly because of the expense the club was incurring by organising its own ground, to turn it into a"wandering" team with no fixed home venue, but it appears that some of the club's members opposed this idea.[14] For the following season teams operated under both names, with several players appearing for both, and indeed Forest and Wanderers even played each other in one match, but after 1865 there is no record of any further matches under the Forest name.[15] The Wanderers initially fared well, losing only one of their sixteen matches in the 1865–66 season, but over the subsequent four seasons the team's fortunes declined significantly and Alcock also found it increasingly difficult to ensure that eleven of his players actually turned up for a match, with the club often forced to play with fewer than the required number of players or borrow some from their opponents.[16] During this period the club played a number of "home" matches atBattersea Park andMiddlesex County Cricket Club'sLillie Bridge Grounds.[17] Wanderers subsequently madeKennington Oval its semi-permanent home in 1869.[18] The club played 151 matches at The Oval.
In the 1870–71 season, the Wanderers finally turned around their fortunes, losing only five of thirty-seven matches played.[19] For the following season the FA, following a suggestion by Alcock, initiated theFootball Association Challenge Cup, aknock-out tournament open to all member clubs. Due to a combination of their opponents withdrawing and an unusual rule in place at the time which allowed both clubs to progress to the next round in the event of a draw, Wanderers won only one game in the four rounds leading up to thefinal, held at the Kennington Oval on 16 March 1872. The club beat theRoyal Engineers 1–0 to become the first ever winners of the cup, the winning goal being scored byMorton Betts, who was playing under the pseudonym "A. H. Chequer".[20]
The following season, under the competition's original rules, Wanderers, as holders, received abye all the way to thefinal. In the final Wanderers beatOxford University 2–0 to retain the cup, thanks in large part to the performance ofA. F. Kinnaird.[21] The club was unable to replicate this success over the next two seasons, although the team did manage a club record 16–0 victory over Farningham in the first round of the1874–75 FA Cup.[22]
In October 1875, Wanderers travelled to Scotland for the first time, to play a match against the leading team from north of the border,Queen's Park. Despite fielding their strongest team, Wanderers were outclassed by the Scots and lost 5–0. The London club gained its revenge four months later, when Queen's Park travelled to London for a re-match and lost 2–0. This was the first match the Glasgow club, which had been formed nine years earlier, had ever lost.[23] Wanderers reached the semi-finals of the FA Cup without conceding a goal and then defeatedSwifts to set up a final againstOld Etonians. The Etonians' team contained five former Wanderers players, including Kinnaird.[24] After the initial match finished in a 1–1 draw, Wanderers won the replay 3–0 to win the tournament for the third time.
The following season, with Kinnaird back in the team, Wanderers overcame indifferent early form to again reach the Cup final, and defeatedOxford University to retain the trophy. Wanderers again dominated the competition in the 1877–78 season, scoring nine goals in both their first and second round matches. The final was a rematch of the1872 final and Wanderers again defeatedRoyal Engineers to win an unprecedented third consecutive FA Cup. The rules of the competition stated that under such circumstances the trophy would be retired and become the permanent property of the victorious club, but Alcock returned the cup to the FA on the condition that the rule be removed and no other team permitted to claim it on a permanent basis. Following the final, Wanderers played the reigningScottish Cup holders,Vale of Leven, but lost 3–1.[25]
The Wanderers' fortunes declined rapidly following the club's hat-trick of FA Cup wins. By 1878, football clubs had been set up for former pupils of all the leading public schools, and many leading players chose to play for their respective old boys' team instead. Wanderers' fixture list was dramatically reduced in the 1878–79 season, and the team was knocked out of theFA Cup in the first round, losing 7–2 to an Old Etonians team led by Kinnaird.[26]The following season Wanderers managed to reach the third round of the Cup, but lost again to the Etonians, after which many more key players left the club.[27]
The club struggled on into the 1880–81 season, but was forced to withdraw from the1880–81 FA Cup after being unable to raise a team for the scheduled first round match againstRangers.[28] After 1881, the club was reduced to playing only one match per year, againstHarrow School each Christmas.[29] A book published by the newspaperThe Sportsman claimed that the club folded in 1884,[30] but a match at Harrow was reported inThe Times in December 1887, which Harrow won 3–1.[31]
In 1868, the Forest club was revived inWoodford, Essex, wearing jerseys, caps, and stockings which were scarlet in front and black behind, with white shorts.[32] In October 1868, it was reported that the reformed club played its first match on the "old ground" in front of Forest Place.[5] Subsequent matches were played 200 yards fromGeorge Lane station in Woodford.[33] In imitation of the Wanderers, the club's members were often members of other clubs, and the secretary would choose whichever members were willing and able to play, but after the creation of the FA Cup this model was not sustainable, and the club's final match was a 0–0 draw away toClapton Pilgrims in March 1872.[34] Pilgrims raised an issue with the FA about clubs borrowing players from other clubs after that match.[35]
Wanderers are known to have played in orange, violet, and black for most of their existence,[36] although as no photographs of the team exist, the exact design is not known. The FA's parade of winners at the1972 FA Cup final suggested horizontal stripes,[37] and a replica shirt sold in the modern era followed suit,[38] a likely arrangement given that horizontally-striped shirts were very common during the Victorian era.[39]
For the October 1875 match with Queen's Park, the club wore white shirts.[40] In the absence of shirt numbering, which would not be introduced for another sixty years, the match card identifies the individual players by the colours of their stockings (socks) or caps, with Alcock and Kinnaird both listed as wearing blue and white caps andJarvis Kenrick identified by his cerise and French grey cap, the colours of his former clubClapham Rovers.[23]
        1859: Forest FC[41] |    1868–80[42] |
Forest F. C. played at common land in front of Forest Place on Leyton Flats between 1859 and 1865. This is now part of Epping Forest by the Whipps Cross Road between Snaresbrook and Leytonstone, about 500 metres south of the Snaresbrook Crown Court.[4][6][5] When Forest re-formed in 1868–1872, apart from the first game at the old ground at Forest Place they played at South Woodford, close to George Lane.[6]
Wanderers played at several locations between 1864 and 1887 throughout London, but predominantly atKennington Oval (151 games),Vincent Square (31), Harrow (23),Harrow School (15) andClapham Common (12).[43]Battersea Park has been erroneously attributed as Wanderers home ground,[44] however Wanderers played just 10 games there between 1864 and 1867.[43]
Prior to the formation ofThe Football Association in 1863, individual schools played football according to their own particular rules.[45] Due to the connection Wanderers had withHarrow School, the school's football team played Wanderers frequently – 33 games between the two were recorded between 1865 and 1883. Among the club's other regular opponents wereRoyal Engineers,Clapham Rovers andCivil Service.[43]
A total of fifteen players who listed Wanderers as their primary club played for theEngland national team in international matches, as follows:[46][47]
The following players earned international selection whilst playing at other clubs, but held membership of Wanderers:[48]
Additionally,A. F. Kinnaird made one appearance forScotland andJohn Hawley Edwards played his one game forWales while holding membership of the club.[49] Edwards was the first treasurer of theWelsh Football Association and one of only two players to play for England and Wales at full international level.[50] A number of Wanderers players appeared in theEngland vs Scotland representative matches which took place prior to what is now recognised as the first official international match.[51] Legendary cricketerW. G. Grace also played for the side, but did not take part in any FA Cup finals.[52]
The first Wanderers secretary was A. W. Mackenzie (1859–1864). He was succeeded byC. W. Alcock (1864–1875),Jarvis Kenrick (1875–1879) andCharles Wollaston (1879–1883).
| Season | Performance[53][54] |
|---|---|
| 1871–72 | Winners |
| 1872–73 | Winners |
| 1873–74 | Lost in quarter-finals |
| 1874–75 | Lost in quarter-finals |
| 1875–76 | Winners |
| 1876–77 | Winners |
| 1877–78 | Winners |
| 1878–79 | Lost in first round |
| 1879–80 | Lost in third round |
| 1880–81 | Withdrew |
| 1881–82 | Withdrew |
Although records are incomplete, C. W. Alcock is believed to have played the most matches for the Wanderers, with at least 199 appearances, and to have scored the most goals, with at least 82.[55] He also recorded the highest goalscoring total for an individual season, with 17 known goals in the 1870–71 season, including four in a 6–1 win overCivil Service.[19]R. K. Kingsford bettered that feat when he scored five goals against Farningham in 1874, the most goals scored by a Wanderers player in a single match. The 16–0 margin of victory in the Farningham match was by far the largest win achieved by Wanderers, with no other scores in double-figures recorded.[56] The most goals conceded by Wanderers was eight, in an 8–2 defeat toClapham Rovers in 1879; the club also lost by a six-goal margin on at least one other occasion, a 6–0 defeat toQueen's Park in 1876.[51]
Wanderers' total of five FA Cup final wins remained a record untilAston Villa won the competition for the sixth time in 1920. As of 2018, only eight clubs have won the tournament more times than the Wanderers.[57]
The club won the first FA Cup, won three in a row and appeared in theFA Cup Final five times, winning each time.[58] Wanderers hold the joint record for most consecutive wins withBlackburn Rovers andA. F. Kinnaird holds the record for appearances in a Final with nine. Wanderers are tied for ninth place withEverton andWest Bromwich Albion for the most FA Cup wins.
Sporting sides of Harrow School still use the Wanderers name and a Harrow alumni side named Wanderers took part in a 150th Anniversary Cup match against the Harrow first team in 2022, celebrating 150 years of the FA Cup.[59] In 2009 a club bearing the name Wanderers F.C. was formed in London, initially for a fundraising match.[60] The club competes in theSurrey South Eastern Combination and claims approval from descendants of some original Wanderers players.[61]
Media related toWanderers F.C. at Wikimedia Commons
