Volta-Bani War
Part ofWorld War I
Map of French West Africa, 1913
Date November 1915 – February 1917 Location Burkino Faso, Mali Result French victory
Belligerents
France French West Africa	Marka,Bwa,Lela,Nuni andBobo people
Commanders and leaders
François Joseph Clozel Henri Maubert
Strength
5,000	20,000–30,000[1]

TheVolta-Bani War was ananti-colonial rebellion which took place inFrench West Africa (specifically, the areas of modernBurkina Faso andMali) between 1915 and 1917. It was a war between an indigenous African force drawn from a heterogeneous coalition of local peoples who rose against theFrench Army. At its height in 1916 the rebels mustered from 15,000–20,000 men and fought on several fronts. After about a year and several setbacks, the French army defeated the insurgents and jailed or executed their leaders but resistance continued until 1917.^[2]

The war started after the 1915rainy season when a group of representatives from around a dozen villages gathered atBona where they resolved to take up arms against the French occupiers.^[3] This took place in the context ofWorld War I and introduction ofconscription for the French Army. There was also widespread optimism that the colonial government could be beaten at this moment of weakness. It went through various phases as the colonial army organised two suppression campaigns but initially failed in its purpose, in the face of fierce opposition and superior tactics. The Volta-Bani War is one of the most significant armed oppositions to colonial government anywhere in Africa. It was the main reason for the creation of the colony ofHaute Volta (now Burkina Faso) after World War I, by splitting off seven districts from the large colony ofHaut-Sénégal and Niger.^[4]

The name "Volta-Bani War" was coined in the bookWest African Challenge to Empire: Culture and History in the Volta-Bani War (2002) by Mahir Saul and Patrick Royer. The book is an anthropological analysis and detailed description of these confrontations, on the basis of military archives documents and an elaborate understanding of the region based on ethnographic fieldwork and oral history. It won the Amaury Talbot Prize of the Royal Anthropological Institute for 2002.^[4] A fictional account of the revolt was the subject of one of the important literary works of West Africa,Nazi Boni'sCrépuscule des temps anciens (1962).^[5]

• African theatre of World War I

• Echenberg, M. (2005)."A Major Study of a Neglected Resistance War: West African Challenge to Empire: Culture and History in the Volta-Bani Anticolonial War"(PDF).The Journal of African History (Book review).46 (2):356–357.doi:10.1017/S0021853705390815. Retrieved12 November 2017.

• Book review: West African Challenge to Empire: Culture and History in the Volta-Bani Anticolonial War: Tony Chafer
• Book review: West African Challenge to Empire: culture and history in the Volta-Bani anticolonial war: James Currey

• Wars involving France
• Wars involving Burkina Faso
• Wars involving Mali
• African resistance to colonialism
• 1916 in French West Africa
• Conflicts in 1915
• Conflicts in 1916
• Conflicts in 1917
• African theatre of World War I
• French colonial empire and World War I
• Resistance to the French colonial empire
• Uprisings during World War I
• 20th-century military history of France

• Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from May 2021
• Articles with short description
• Short description matches Wikidata
• Use dmy dates from June 2017
• CS1 French-language sources (fr)