| Volkswagen G60/G40 engine | |
|---|---|
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Volkswagen Group |
| Production | G60: August 1988–July 1993 G40: August 1986–July 1994 |
| Layout | |
| Configuration | Inline-4 |
| Displacement | G60: 1.8 L (1,781 cc) G40: 1.3 L (1,272 cc) |
| Cylinder bore | G60: 81 mm (3.19 in) G40: 75 mm (2.95 in) |
| Piston stroke | G60: 86.4 mm (3.40 in) G40: 72 mm (2.83 in) |
| Cylinder block material | Gray cast iron |
| Cylinder head material | Castaluminium alloy |
| Valvetrain | 2valves percylinder,hydraulicvalve lifters,belt-drivensingle overhead camshaft (SOHC) |
| Compression ratio | 8.0:1 |
| Combustion | |
| Supercharger | G-Lader withintercooler |
| Fuel system | Common rail electronicMulti-point fuel injection |
| Management | BoschDigifant |
| Fuel type | UnleadedGasoline |
| Oil system | Wet sump |
| Cooling system | Water-cooled |
| Output | |
| Power output | G60: 118 kW (160 PS; 158 bhp) G40: 85 kW (116 PS; 114 bhp) |
| Torque output | G60: 225 N⋅m (166 lb⋅ft) G40: 150 N⋅m (111 lb⋅ft) |
| Chronology | |
| Successor | 20051.4-litre 'Twincharger' |
The VolkswagenG60 andG40 areinline–four-cylindercarpetrol engines, which useforced induction by way of ascroll-type supercharger. The G60 engine was manufactured by theGerman automakerVolkswagen Group and used in a number of theirhot hatch cars from August 1988 to July 1993.[1]
The smallerG40 engine of identical design was previously installed in theMk2 Volkswagen PoloGT G40 from August 1986 to July 1994.
TheG60 is a 1.8-litre (1,781 cc)internal combustion engine, from acylinder bore of 81 mm (3.19 in), and apiston stroke of 86.4 mm (3.40 in). Itscylinder block is constructed from greycast iron, and itscylinder head iscastaluminium alloy, with additional post-production heat treatment. Thecrankcase contains aforged steelcrankshaft which runs in fivemain bearings, and castpistons with increased sizegudgeon pins. It has twovalves per cylinder (eight valves in total), which are operated by atoothed belt-driven forged steelsingle overhead camshaft (SOHC) viahydraulicvalve lifters, with the valves being closed by twoconcentric valve springs. Charged air is cooled via an intercooler, and the operation and control of the engine, is managed by aBoschDigifantengine control unit, which includescommon rail electronicmulti-point fuel injection and aknock sensor. It produced a maximum rated motivepower output of 118 kW (160 PS; 158 bhp) at 5,800 rpm, and could generate a turning forcetorque of 225 N⋅m (166 lb⋅ft) at 4,000 rpm.
Although based on an existingVolkswagen Group engine from theirEA827 series, it underwent so many modifications that it is usually regarded as a separate powerplant from others which the group produced. It was named after the "G-Lader"magnesium-cased supercharger that it was mated to - this supercharger had a 60 mm (2.36 in) diameter inlet, hence the "G60" moniker.[2] It utilized a side-mounted intercooler (SMIC), positioned in front of the left front wheel, to lower the temperature of the compressed charged engine intake air.
The G60 engine was developed from an earlier, smaller version called theG40 based on theirEA111 series. This engine displaced 1.3 L (1,272 cc) from a bore of 75 mm (2.95 in) and a stroke of 72 mm (2.83 in). The G40's supercharger had an inlet diameter of 40 mm (1.57 in), hence the "G40" name. The engine produced a maximum power of 85 kW (116 PS; 114 bhp) at 5,500 rpm, and torque of 150 N⋅m (111 lb⋅ft) at 3,500 rpm.
The originalG40 was used in theMk2 Volkswagen PoloCoupé GT G40. The G40 engine could propel it to a top speed of 196 km/h (121.8 mph).
The largerG60 engine debuted in August 1988 in theB3 Volkswagen Passat G60saloon, and theMk2 Volkswagen Golf G60hatchback. In the Golf G60, it was capable of propelling the car from a standstill to 100 km/h (62 mph) in 7.8 seconds, reaching a top speed of 216 km/h (134.2 mph).
A month later, in September 1988, theVolkswagen Corrado G60 was released. Performance figures for the Corrado G60 state a 0 - 100 km/h (62 mph) time of 8.3 seconds and a top speed of 225 km/h (139.8 mph).
In theUnited States, the G60 engine was used only in the Corrado, and this was dropped in 1992 in favour of the newer, more powerfulVR6 engine.
A limited-production,four-wheel driveSyncro variant of the Golf G60, called the Golf Rallye was also powered by the eight-valve G60, but the engine was reduced to 1.8 L (1,763 cc) for sportshomologation purposes. It included a larger intercooler which is mounted across the full width of the radiator. Power remained at 118 kW (160 PS; 158 bhp).
A16-valve G60 engine was used in the ultra-rareGolf Limited, of which only 71 were produced by VW Motorsport, all withfour-wheel drive.[3][4] Power was raised to 154 kW (209 PS; 207 bhp), and the car could now accelerate from 0 - 100 km/h (62 mph) in 6.4 seconds, reaching a top speed of 247 km/h (153.5 mph).
The G60 engine, like any supercharged orturbocharged engine, was sensitive to high air temperatures, so engine performance very much depended on the weather conditions. Some models, like the Golf Rallye, or even some variants of the Golf G60, had a bigger, better-placed intercooler, resulting in increased, and more consistent performance compared to the standard placed intercooler.
Technologies found in the G40 and G60 engines have subsequently been used in other Volkswagen engines.[5] They first used this technology withturbochargers in theirTurbodiesel 'TD' engines. This evolved into theirTurbocharged Direct Injection 'TDI'diesel engines.
All VolkswagenG-Laderinternal combustion engines areinline four-cylinderSOHC designs, operate on thefour-stroke cyclepetrol engines withBoschDigifant electronicmulti-point fuel injection, arewater-cooled, and use a G-Ladersupercharger:
| Engine ID code | Displacement | Valvetrain | Max. power | Max.torque | Applications | Years installed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G40PY | 1.3 L (1,272 cc) | SOHC 8v | 85 kW (116 PS; 114 bhp) @ 5,500 rpm | 150 N⋅m (111 lb⋅ft) @ 3,500 rpm | VW Polo Mk2GT G40 | 08/86-07/94 |
| G601H | 1.8 L (1,763 cc) | 118 kW (160 PS; 158 bhp) @ 5,800 rpm | 225 N⋅m (166 lb⋅ft) @ 4,000 rpm | VW Golf Mk2 G60 | 08/88-07/89 | |
| G60PG | 1.8 L (1,781 cc) | 110 kW (150 PS; 148 bhp) | VW Passat (B3) G60 | 08/88-07/89 | ||
| G60PG | 118 kW (160 PS; 158 bhp) @ 5,800 rpm | 225 N⋅m (166 lb⋅ft) @ 4,000 rpm | VW Golf Mk2 G60 VW Passat (B3) G60 VW Corrado G60 | 08/88-07/91 08/88-07/93 09/88-07/93 | ||
| G603G | DOHC16v | 154 kW (210 PS; 207 bhp) @ 6,300 rpm | 247 N⋅m (182 lb⋅ft) @ 5,000 rpm | VW Golf Mk2 Limited Syncro 4WD | 1990 |
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