Avoiceless palatal lateral fricative is a type ofconsonantal sound, used in a fewspokenlanguages. This sound is somewhat rare;Dahalo has both a palatal lateral fricative and anaffricate;Hadza has a series of palatal lateral affricates. InBura, it is the realization of palatalized/ɬʲ/ and contrasts with[ʎ].
Theextensions to the IPA transcribes this sound with the letter ⟨𝼆⟩ (⟨ʎ⟩ with a belt, analogous to ⟨ɬ⟩ for thevoiceless alveolar lateral fricative), which was added to Unicode in 2021. Some scholars also posit avoiceless palatal lateral approximant distinct from the fricative. The approximant may be represented in the IPA as ⟨ʎ̥⟩.
If distinction is necessary, avoiceless alveolo-palatal lateral fricative may be transcribed as ⟨ɬ̠ʲ⟩ (retracted andpalatalized ⟨ɬ⟩) or as advanced ⟨𝼆̟⟩; these are essentially equivalent. The approximant also occurs and can be represented as ⟨l̠̊ʲ⟩ or ⟨ʎ̥˖⟩.
Features of the voiceless palatal lateral fricative:
Itsmanner of articulation isfricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, causingturbulence.
Itsmanner of articulation isfricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, causingturbulence.
Its place of articulation ispost-palatal, also calledretracted palatal,backed palatal,palato-velar,pre-velar,advanced velar orfront(ed-)velar, which means it is articulated between the position ofpalatal consonants andvelar consonants.
Itsphonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords. In some languages the vocal cords are actively separated, so it is always voiceless; in others the cords are lax, so that it may take on the voicing of adjacent sounds.
It is anoral consonant, which means that air is not allowed to escape through the nose.
It is alateral consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream over the sides of the tongue, rather than down the middle.
^An example of a scholar disagreeing with this position isScholtz (2009). On page 15, she provides a phoneme chart for Trøndersk, in which/ʎ/ is included. Under the phoneme chart she writes "Vanvik also lists/ʎ̥/ as an underlying phoneme, but that’s ridiculous." She provides no further explanation for that.
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