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Voiceless alveolar lateral flap

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Consonantal sound represented by ⟨ɺ̥⟩ in IPA
Voiceless alveolar lateral flap
ɺ̥
IPA number181
Audio sample
Encoding
Entity(decimal)ɺ
Unicode(hex)U+027A
X-SAMPAl\
Braille⠦ (braille pattern dots-236)⠼ (braille pattern dots-3456)

Avoiceless alveolar lateral flap is a type ofconsonantal sound, used in somespokenlanguages. The symbol in theInternational Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɺ̥⟩, a fusion of a rotated lowercase letter⟨r⟩ with a letter⟨l⟩ and a voiceless diacritic.

Features

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Features of a voiceless alveolar lateral flap:

  • Itsmanner of articulation istap or flap, which means it is produced with a single contraction of the muscles so that one articulator (usually the tongue) is thrown against another.
  • Itsplace of articulation isalveolar, which means it is articulated with either the tip or the blade of the tongue at thealveolar ridge, termed respectivelyapical andlaminal.
  • Itsphonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords. In some languages the vocal cords are actively separated, so it is always voiceless; in others the cords are lax, so that it may take on the voicing of adjacent sounds.
  • It is anoral consonant, which means that air is not allowed to escape through the nose.
  • It is alateral consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream over the sides of the tongue, rather than down the middle.
  • Itsairstream mechanism ispulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air only with theintercostal muscles andabdominal muscles, as in most sounds.

Occurrence

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FamilyLanguageWordIPAMeaningNotes
ArawakanKaru[1]Hohodene[ɺ̥je.ˈtɐ̃.hə͂]'that'In alternation with analveolar tap.[1] Contrasts /ɺ̥, ɺ/.
ArawakanYavitero[2][example needed]Contrasts /ɾ, r, ɺ̥, ɺ/.

Notes

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  1. ^abSouza (2012), p. 78.
  2. ^Mosonyi, Emilio Esteban; Mosonyi, Jorge C.; Largo, Águeda (2000).Yavitero. In Mosonyi, Esteban Emilio and Jorge Carlos Mosonyi (eds.), Manual de Lenguas Indígenas de Venezuela: Caracas: Fundación Bigott. pp. 594–651.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)

References

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External links

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IPA topics
IPA
Special topics
Encodings
Pulmonic consonants
PlaceLabialCoronalDorsalLaryngeal
MannerBi­labialLabio­dentalLinguo­labialDentalAlveolarPost­alveolarRetro­flexPalatalVelarUvularPharyn­geal/epi­glottalGlottal
Nasalmɱ̊ɱn̪̊nn̠̊ɳ̊ɳɲ̊ɲŋ̊ŋɴ̥ɴ
Plosivepbtdʈɖcɟkɡqɢʡʔ
Sibilantaffricatet̪s̪d̪z̪tsdzt̠ʃd̠ʒ
Non-sibilant affricatep̪fb̪vt̪θd̪ðtɹ̝̊dɹ̝t̠ɹ̠̊˔d̠ɹ̠˔ɟʝkxɡɣɢʁʡʜʡʢʔh
Sibilantfricativeszʃʒʂʐɕʑ
Non-sibilant fricativeɸβfvθ̼ð̼θðθ̠ð̠ɹ̠̊˔ɹ̠˔ɻ̊˔ɻ˔çʝxɣχʁħʕhɦ
Approximantβ̞ʋð̞ɹɹ̠ɻjɰʁ̞ʔ̞
Tap/flapⱱ̟ɾ̼ɾ̥ɾɽ̊ɽɢ̆ʡ̮
Trillʙ̥ʙrɽ̊r̥ɽrʀ̥ʀʜʢ
Lateral affricatetꞎd𝼅c𝼆ɟʎ̝k𝼄ɡʟ̝
Lateral fricativeɬ̪ɬɮ𝼅𝼆ʎ̝𝼄ʟ̝
Lateral approximantlɭ̊ɭʎ̥ʎʟ̥ʟʟ̠
Lateral tap/flapɺ̥ɺ𝼈̊𝼈ʎ̮ʟ̆

Symbols to the right in a cell arevoiced, to the left arevoiceless.Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

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