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Voiced velar implosive

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Consonantal sound
"Velar implosive" redirects here. For the voiceless consonant, seeVoiceless velar implosive.
Voiced velar implosive
ɠ
IPA number166
Audio sample
Encoding
Entity(decimal)ɠ
Unicode(hex)U+0260
X-SAMPAg_<
Braille⠦ (braille pattern dots-236)⠛ (braille pattern dots-1245)
Image

Avoiced velar implosive is a type ofconsonantal sound, used in somespokenlanguages. The symbol in theInternational Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɠ⟩. It is familiar to English speakers as the sound made when mimicking the 'gulping' of water.

Features

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  • Itsmanner of articulation isocclusive, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract. Since the consonant is also oral, with nonasal outlet, the airflow is blocked entirely, and the consonant is aplosive.
  • Itsplace of articulation isvelar, which means it is articulated with the back of thetongue (the dorsum) at thesoft palate.
  • Itsphonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
  • It is anoral consonant, which means that air is not allowed to escape through the nose.
  • It is acentral consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
  • Theairstream mechanism isimplosive (glottalic ingressive), which means it is produced by pulling air in by pumping theglottis downward. Since it is voiced, the glottis is not completely closed, but allows a pulmonic airstream to escape through it.

Occurrence

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LanguageWordIPAMeaningNotes
Af Maayqalang[ɠalaŋ]'pen'Corresponds to /q/ inStandard Somali
Ega[1][ɠà]'count'
Fula[2][example needed]
Hindi[3]अऊन/aun[ɠəuːn]'cow' (transliteration of Sindhiڳئون)Used to transcribe implosives from Sindhi, Saraiki, Marwari and other languages.
Jamaican Patois[4]good[ɠuːd]'good'Allophone of/ɡ/ in the onset of prominent syllables
Sindhiڳَـئُون/aun[ɠəuːn]'cow'
Tera[5]qaandi[ɠaːndi]'hello'
Zuluukuza[uˈɠuːza]'to come'Allophone of/k/

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Connell, Ahoua & Gibbon (2002:100)
  2. ^Keer (1999:82)
  3. ^"ॻ",Wiktionary, the free dictionary, 2024-05-27, retrieved2025-10-26
  4. ^Devonish & Harry (2004:456)
  5. ^Tench (2007:228)

References

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  • Connell, Bruce; Ahoua, Firmin; Gibbon, Dafydd (2002)."Ega".Journal of the International Phonetic Association.32 (1):99–104.doi:10.1017/S002510030200018X.
  • Devonish, H; Harry, Otelamate G. (2004). "Jamaican phonology". In Kortman, B.; Shneider, E. W. (eds.).A Handbook of Varieties of English. Vol. 1: Phonology. Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter. pp. 441–471.doi:10.1515/9783110197181.ISBN 9783110197181.
  • Keer, Edward (1999).Geminates, The OCP and The Nature of CON (PhD thesis). Rutgers University.doi:10.7282/T3PZ57MT.
  • Tench, Paul (2007)."Tera".Journal of the International Phonetic Association.37 (1):228–234.doi:10.1017/s0025100307002952.

External links

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IPA topics
IPA
Special topics
Encodings
Pulmonic consonants
PlaceLabialCoronalDorsalLaryngeal
MannerBi­labialLabio­dentalLinguo­labialDentalAlveolarPost­alveolarRetro­flexPalatalVelarUvularPharyn­geal/epi­glottalGlottal
Nasalmɱ̊ɱn̪̊nn̠̊ɳ̊ɳɲ̊ɲŋ̊ŋɴ̥ɴ
Plosivepbtdʈɖcɟkɡqɢʡʔ
Sibilantaffricatet̪s̪d̪z̪tsdzt̠ʃd̠ʒ
Non-sibilant affricatep̪fb̪vt̪θd̪ðtɹ̝̊dɹ̝t̠ɹ̠̊˔d̠ɹ̠˔ɟʝkxɡɣɢʁʡʜʡʢʔh
Sibilantfricativeszʃʒʂʐɕʑ
Non-sibilant fricativeɸβfvθ̼ð̼θðθ̠ð̠ɹ̠̊˔ɹ̠˔ɻ̊˔ɻ˔çʝxɣχʁħʕhɦ
Approximantβ̞ʋð̞ɹɹ̠ɻjɰ˷
Tap/flapⱱ̟ɾ̼ɾ̥ɾɽ̊ɽɢ̆ʡ̮
Trillʙ̥ʙrɽ̊r̥ɽrʀ̥ʀʜʢ
Lateral affricatetꞎd𝼅c𝼆ɟʎ̝k𝼄ɡʟ̝
Lateral fricativeɬ̪ɬɮ𝼅𝼆ʎ̝𝼄ʟ̝
Lateral approximantlɭ̊ɭʎ̥ʎʟ̥ʟʟ̠
Lateral tap/flapɺ̥ɺ𝼈̊𝼈ʎ̮ʟ̆

Symbols to the right in a cell arevoiced, to the left arevoiceless.Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

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