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Villupuram | |
|---|---|
City | |
 Viluppuram Junction, District Court,Gingee Fort | |
  Villupuram Villupuram, Tamil Nadu | |
| Coordinates:11°56′24″N79°29′10″E / 11.940100°N 79.486100°E /11.940100; 79.486100 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Tamil Nadu |
| Region | Tondai Nadu |
| District | Viluppuram |
| Established | 1919 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Viluppuram Municipality (Special Grade) |
| • Body | Viluppuram Municipality |
| • Chairman | Vacant |
| Area | |
• Total | 37.13 km2 (14.34 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 13 |
| Elevation | 71 m (233 ft) |
| Population (2021)[2] | |
• Total | 191,131[1] |
| • Density | 5,148/km2 (13,330/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Tamil |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 605601,605602,605401,605103,k605301 |
| Telephone code | +91–04146(STD Code) |
| Vehicle registration | TN–32, TN-16 |
| Distance fromChennai | 160 kilometres (99 mi) |
| Sex ratio | 998♂/♀ |
| Climate | Aw(Köppen) |
| Literacy | 90.16% |
| Website | Viluppuram Municipality |
Viluppuram,Villupuram, orVizhuppuram[3] (Tamil:[ʋiɻɯppɯɾam]ⓘ) is a city and the administrative headquarters ofViluppuram district ofTamil Nadu.
Located 61 kilometres (38 mi) south west of aTiruvannamalai and 35 kilometres (22 mi) north west ofCuddalore null The town serves as a major and largest railway junction, andNational Highway 45 passes through it.Agriculture is a main source of income. As Government of India 2021 census data indicated, Viluppuram had a population of 1,91,131.[4] and the town's literacy rate has been recorded as 90.16% by Census 2011.[5]
In 1919, Villupuram city was officially constituted as a Municipality which today comprises 42 wards, making it one of the largest City inTamilnadu.[6]
In 1677, [Shri Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharah] tookGingee area with the assistance ofGolkonda forces. Later in 18th century, both theEnglish andFrench acquired settlements inSouth Arcot. During theAnglo-French rivalry, the entire district was turned into a war land. After some time, the entire area came under the control ofEast India Company. It remained underBritish authority till 1947 when India became independent.[7]
After independence, the district as we know it today, was part of the largerSouth Arcot District headquartered atCuddalore. On 30 September 1993, Villupuram became the headquarters of the newly createdVizhuppuram District as a result of the division of the South Arcot District.[8]
Vizhuppuram is located in 11° 56' N 79° 29' E.[9] which is in the far southeast part of India, situated 145 kilometres (90 mi) south ofChennai, 160 kilometres (99 mi) north ofTrichy, 177 kilometres (110 mi) east ofSalem, 35 kilometres (22 mi) North west ofCuddalore, 35 kilometres (22 mi) west ofPondicherry shares the seashore of theBay of Bengal.[10]
The area contains metamorphic rocks formed by pressure and heat belonging to the granite-likegneiss family. There are also three major groups of sedimentary rocks, layers of particles that settled in different geological periods.[11]Kalrayan Hills[12] forest park is located 116 kilometres (72 mi) to the west andGingee Hills forest park 50 kilometres (31 mi) to the north. The Thatagiri Murugan Temple is about 191 kilometres (119 mi) to the southeast inSenthamangalam[13] with the Lord Siva temple in Koppampatti 153 kilometres (95 mi) southwest of the town.[10]
Since the town is landlocked, the weather in Viluppuram is generally humid and hot. It relies on themonsoon for rain from July to December. Summers are very hot, and temperatures can get up to 40 °C (104 °F). Winters are moderate with temperatures ranging between 30 and 35 °C (86 and 95 °F) Viluppuram has atropical climate. In winter, there is much less rainfall in Viluppuram than in summer. This climate is considered to beAw/As according to theKöppen-Geiger climate classification.
The average annual temperature is 28.4 °C (83.1 °F) in Viluppuram with average annual rainfall of 1,046 millimetres (41.2 in). The driest month is March, with 6 millimetres (0.24 in) of rainfall. With an average of 222 millimetres (8.7 in) per annum, the most precipitation falls in October. The warmest month of the year is May, with an average temperature of 32.0 °C (89.6 °F). January has the lowest average temperature of the year at 24.6 °C (76.3 °F).
| Climate data for Viluppuram | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 28.8 (83.8) | 30.6 (87.1) | 32.9 (91.2) | 34.7 (94.5) | 37.1 (98.8) | 37.1 (98.8) | 34.5 (94.1) | 34.8 (94.6) | 34.2 (93.6) | 32.0 (89.6) | 29.5 (85.1) | 28.2 (82.8) | 32.9 (91.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 20.4 (68.7) | 20.8 (69.4) | 22.7 (72.9) | 25.6 (78.1) | 27.0 (80.6) | 26.9 (80.4) | 25.9 (78.6) | 25.3 (77.5) | 24.9 (76.8) | 22.1 (71.8) | 22.5 (72.5) | 21.2 (70.2) | 23.8 (74.8) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 20 (0.8) | 7 (0.3) | 6 (0.2) | 29 (1.1) | 45 (1.8) | 45 (1.8) | 89 (3.5) | 150 (5.9) | 130 (5.1) | 220 (8.7) | 216 (8.5) | 110 (4.3) | 1,067 (42) |
| Source: en.climate-data.org,[14] | |||||||||||||
The difference in precipitation between the driest month and the wettest month is 216 millimetres (8.5 in). During the year, the average temperatures vary by 7.4 °C (45.3 °F).
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1961 | 43,496 | — |
| 1971 | 60,242 | +38.5% |
| 1981 | 77,091 | +28.0% |
| 1991 | 88,788 | +15.2% |
| 2001 | 95,455 | +7.5% |
| 2011 | 96,253 | +0.8% |
| Sources: | ||
As of the2011 census[update], Viluppuram municipality was divided into 44 wards for which elections are held every five years and had a population of 96,253 of which 47,670 were male and 48,583 female.[16]
| Religion | Percent(%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hindu | 78.35% | |||
| Muslim | 14.88% | |||
| Christian | 6.15% | |||
| Jain | 0.38% | |||
| Sikh | 0.02% | |||
| Buddhist | 0.01% | |||
| Other | 0.01% | |||
| No religion | 0.20% | |||
| Elected members | |
|---|---|
| Member of Legislative Assembly | R. Lakshmanan[18] |
| Member of Parliament | D. Ravi kumar[19] |
Politically, Viluppuram is part of theVizhuppuram Lok Sabha constituency and theVillupuram State Assembly constituency. The municipality was established in 1919 and was upgraded to a second-grade municipality in 1953, the first-grade municipality in 1973, and a selection grade municipality in 1988, and Special grade Municipality in 2023. The town is divided into 42 wards. The city Papulation is 1,91,131. The municipal council is composed of 42 ward councilors and is headed by a chairperson elected by voters of the town. Councilors-elect a vice-chairperson among themselves while the executive wing is headed by a commissioner, who is assisted by a team of officials including the health officer, municipal engineer, town planning officer, manager, revenue officer and other staff.
Viluppuram is connected by roads to major cities and to the rest of the state. The major national highways of the town are:
TheViluppuram Railway Junction at Villupuram serves as the distribution point of rail traffic fromChennai, the state capital of Tamil Nadu, towards the southern part of the state.[20][21] Five railway lines branch out of Vizhuppuram:
The nearest airport isPondicherry Airport[35] atPondicherry,[36] inPuducherry, approximately 40 km from Viluppuram. Pondicherry Airport is connected to Bangalore by commercial airlines.
The nearest major airport is theChennai International Airport (MAA), approximately 140 km from the town; the next closest major airport isTiruchirapalli international Airport, approximately 170 km from the town.
