| Veeranam Lake | |
|---|---|
| வீராணம் ஏரி (Tamil) | |
 Lake Veeranam | |
  Veeranam Lake | |
| Location | Kattumannarkoil,[1]Cuddalore district,Tamil Nadu,South India |
| Coordinates | 11°20′10″N79°32′40″E / 11.33611°N 79.54444°E /11.33611; 79.54444 |
| Lake type | reservoir,intermittent |
| Primary inflows | vadavaru |
| Catchment area | 25 km2 (9.7 sq mi) |
| Basin countries | India |
| Max. length | 11.2 km (7.0 mi) |
| Max. width | 4 km (2.5 mi) |
| Max. depth | 14.5 m (48 ft) |
| Settlements | Kattumannarkoil |
Veeranarayanapuram Lake, also known asVeeranam Lake[2] is located 14 km (8.7 mi) SSW inCuddalore district in thestate ofTamil Nadu inSouth India 1 km (0.62 mi) fromKattumannarkoil. It is located 235 km (146 mi) fromChennai,India. It is one of the water reservoirs from where water is supplied toChennai city. The lake has a capacity to store about 1,465 mcft of water (1.46 TMC). Though the level in the Veeranam lake has dipped to 323 million cubic feet (mcft), the same amount of 180 mld (million litres a day) was being drawn for supply to Chennai City.
Veeranam Lake was built in the 10th century during the time ofGreater Cholas (907–955 CE)[3] and is a 16-kilometre (9.9 mi) long dam in northern Tamil Nadu. It was built byRajaditya Chola with his soldiers during leisure times, when they had camped at Thirumunaipadi for a war againstPallava kings. He named it after theVishnu temple located near by and it was also his father'sParantaka I's title name "Veeranarayanan". The lake was originally named as Veeranarayana Mangalam lake, and was about 20 km long and 7 km wide then.[4]
The lake gets water fromKollidam via Vadavaru River. The lake remains dry for the major part of the year. Water released from the Mettur dam through Kollidam andLower Anicut would also bring in sufficient inflow into the Veeranam Lake. The lake received sufficient inflow in April enabling supply to the city for three months. With heavy rain in Western Ghats, the lake almost got its storage capacity as it received inflow from theCauvery tributaries ofBhavani andAmaravathi.[5]
The Veeranam project,[6] to supply water to Chennai, was conceived in 1967 by the then Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu,C. N. Annadurai, and executed under his successor,M. Karunanidhi. The project's completion in 2004 by the then Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu,J. Jayalalithaa. It was impossible to use any water from the lake since it had run dry, and the face-saving proposal adopted by the authorities was to dig 45 deepborewells around the area and pump the resulting water 235 km (146 mi) to Chennai via the pipeline.[7]The length of the lake is 14 km and this may have been the largest lake in Tamil Nadu until the building of theBhavanisagar Dam in 1955.[citation needed] The credit goes to ancient people who have done this job with ordinary hand made tools.[citation needed]
The opening chapter of the bookPonniyin Selvan is set on the banks of the Veera Narayana Lake.Kalki Krishnamurthy gives an elaborate description of the features of the lake and the way multiple rivers flow into the lake. Kalki added Chola princess Kundavi used to come for refreshment at the banks of Veeranam lake during spring season. He also makes a reference to the fact, thatRamanujacharya decided on the number of 74 Peetas -74 simhasanathipathigal based on the number of 74 openings in the lake.[citation needed]
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