Van Johnson | |
|---|---|
 Johnson in 1947 | |
| Born | Charles Van Dell Johnson (1916-08-25)August 25, 1916 Newport, Rhode Island, U.S. |
| Died | December 12, 2008(2008-12-12) (aged 92) Nyack, New York, U.S. |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1935–1992 |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 1 |
| Relatives | Tracy Keenan Wynn (stepson)[1] |
Charles Van Dell Johnson (August 25, 1916[2] – December 12, 2008) was an American actor and dancer. He had a prolific career in film, television, theatre and radio, which spanned over 50 years, from 1940 to 1992. He was a major star atMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer during and afterWorld War II, known for his upbeat and "all-American" screen persona, often playing young military servicemen,[3] or inmusicals.
Originally aBroadway dancer, Johnson achieved his breakthrough playing a rookie bomber pilot inA Guy Named Joe (1943). Throughout thewar years, he became a popular Hollywood star, as the embodiment of the "boy-next-door wholesomeness" playing "the red-haired, freckle-faced soldier, sailor, or bomber pilot who used to live down the street"[3] in such films asThe Human Comedy (also 1943) andThirty Seconds Over Tokyo (1944).[3] After World War II, he continued to play similar heartthrob and military characters, equal parts in serious dramas likeThe Caine Mutiny (1954), and in light musicals likeBrigadoon (1954).
After the end of his contract with MGM, he transitioned largely into television, though he continued to make regular film appearances in featured and supporting parts, earning anEmmy Award nomination for his performance in the miniseriesRich Man, Poor Man. He continued to maintain a regular presence in musical theatre, most notably as Professor Harold Hill in theWest End productions ofThe Music Man and Georges inLa Cage aux Folles, before retiring from acting in the early 1990s. At the time of his death in 2008, he was one of the last survivingmatinee idols ofGolden Age of Hollywood.[4]
Johnson was born inNewport, Rhode Island, the only child[5] of Loretta (née Snyder) and Charles E. Johnson, a plumber and later a real-estate salesman. His father was born in Sweden and came to the United States as a child, and his mother hadPennsylvania Dutch ancestry.[5] His mother was allegedly an alcoholic who left the family when he was a child, and he was not close to his father.[6]
Johnson performed at social clubs in Newport while in high school. He moved to New York City after graduation in 1935 and joined the off-Broadway revueEntre Nous.[5]
Johnson touredNew England in a theater troupe as a substitute dancer, but his acting career began in earnest in the Broadway revueNew Faces of 1936. He returned to the chorus after that and worked in summer resorts near New York City.[7] In 1939, director and playwrightGeorge Abbott cast him inRodgers and Hart'sToo Many Girls in the role of a college boy and as understudy for all three male leads. He had an uncredited role in thefilm adaptation ofToo Many Girls, which costarredLucille Ball andDesi Arnaz, then Abbott hired him as a chorus boy andGene Kelly's understudy inPal Joey.[8]
Johnson was about to move back to New York when Lucille Ball took him toChasen's Restaurant, where she introduced him to MGM casting director Billy Grady who was sitting at the next table. This led to screen tests by Hollywood studios. His test atColumbia Pictures was unsuccessful, butWarner Brothers put him on contract at $300 a week. He was cast as a cub reporter oppositeFaye Emerson in the 1942 filmMurder in the Big House. His eyebrows and hair were dyed black for the role.[9] Johnson's all-American good looks and easy demeanor were ill-suited to the gritty movies that Warner made at the time, and the studio dropped him at the expiration of his six-month contract.
Johnson was soon signed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The studio provided him with classes in acting, speech, and diction.[10] He then had an uncredited part as a soldier inSomewhere I'll Find You (1942). He attracted attention in a small part inThe War Against Mrs. Hadley (1942), and this encouraged MGM to cast him in their long-running seriesDr. Kildare. These films had starredLew Ayres as Dr. Kildare andLionel Barrymore as Dr. Gillespie; Ayres' career was hurt due to being a conscientious objector, so the series focused on Dr. Gillespie mentoring new doctors. Johnson played Dr. Randall Adams inDr. Gillespie's New Assistant (1942).
MGM then cast Johnson asMickey Rooney's soldier brother inThe Human Comedy (1943), a huge hit. He returned as Randall Adams inDr. Gillespie's Criminal Case (1943) and was in uniform again forPilot No. 5 (1943). He had a small role as a reporter inMadame Curie (1943).[11]
Johnson's big break was inA Guy Named Joe starringSpencer Tracy andIrene Dunne, in which he played a young pilot who acquires a deceased pilot as his guardian angel. During the film's production in 1943, Johnson was involved in a serious car accident that left him with a metal plate in his forehead and a number of scars on his face that plastic surgery could not completely correct or conceal.[12] He recovered at the home ofKeenan Wynn before returning to acting.[13] He wore heavy makeup to hide the scars for the rest of his career. MGM wanted to replace him inA Guy Named Joe, but Tracy insisted that he be allowed to finish the picture, despite his long absence. The film was a great hit, earning a profit of over one million dollars and launching Johnson as a star.[12]
Johnson's injuries from the car accident exempted him from service in World War II. Many other actors were serving in the armed forces, so the accident greatly benefited Johnson's career.[5] He later said, "There were five of us. There wasJimmy Craig,Bob Young,Bobby Walker,Peter Lawford, and myself. All tested for the same partall the time." Johnson was very busy, often playing soldiers; he joked of this period, "I remember... finishing one Thursday morning withJune Allyson and starting a new one Thursday afternoon withEsther Williams. I didn't know which branch of the service I was in!"[14]
MGM built up Johnson's image as the all-American boy in war dramas and musicals. His first top-billed role in an "A" picture was the musicalTwo Girls and a Sailor (1944) which was a big success; it was his first film withJune Allyson. He had a smaller part inThe White Cliffs of Dover (1944), then reprised his role as Dr. Adams in3 Men in White (1944).
Johnson playedTed Lawson inThirty Seconds Over Tokyo (1944) which told the story of theDoolittle Raid on Tokyo in April 1942. He played Dr. Adams one last time inBetween Two Women (1945). He starred inThrill of a Romance (1945), a musical withEsther Williams, andWeek-End at the Waldorf (1945), a musical remake ofGrand Hotel withLana Turner,Walter Pidgeon, andGinger Rogers. In 1945, he tied withBing Crosby as the top box office stars.[4]
He was reunited with Williams inEasy to Wed (1946), a musical remake ofLibeled Lady.[15] He supportedSpencer Tracy andKatharine Hepburn inState of the Union (1948), and he supportedClark Gable and Pidgeon in the war dramaCommand Decision (1948).
20th Century Fox borrowed Johnson to make the comedyMother Is a Freshman (1948) withLoretta Young. Back at MGM, he was given a role in the film noirScene of the Crime (1949). In 1949, he starred withJudy Garland inIn the Good Old Summertime, which also marked the first film appearance ofLiza Minnelli as Garland's and Johnson's young daughter. He next worked inBattleground (1949), a movie about theBattle of the Bulge produced by MGM's new studio headDore Schary.
Johnson made the comedyThe Big Hangover (1950), then was reunited with Williams inDuchess of Idaho (1951). He appeared in the romantic comedyThree Guys Named Mike (1951). He played an officer leading Japanese-American troops of the famed442nd Regimental Combat Team in Europe in the Schary-produced filmGo for Broke! (1951). He had a small part inIt's a Big Country (1951) and was reunited with Allyson forToo Young to Kiss (1951). MGM lent him to Columbia forThe Caine Mutiny (1954) in the role of Stephen Maryk. He refused to allow concealment of his facial scars when being made up as Maryk, believing that they enhanced the character's authenticity.Herman Wouk describes Maryk as having "ugly but not unpleasant features" in the novel. One commentator noted years later that "Humphrey Bogart andJose Ferrer chomp up all the scenery in this maritime courtroom drama, but it's Johnson's character, the painfully ambivalent, not-too-bright Lieutenant Steve Maryk, who binds the whole movie together."[3]Time magazine commented that Johnson "was a better actor than Hollywood usually allowed him to be."[3]
Johnson next teamed withGene Kelly as the sardonic second lead ofBrigadoon (1954).[5] He had the lead inThe Last Time I Saw Paris (1954), his last film for MGM. He had a five-year contract with Columbia to make one film a year.[16]
Unlike some other stars of that era, Johnson did not resent the restrictions of thestudio system. In 1985, he said that his years at MGM were "one big happy family and a little kingdom". "Everything was provided for us, from singing lessons to barbells. All we had to do was inhale, exhale and be charming. I used to dread leaving the studio to go out into the real world, because to me the studio was the real world."[4]
During the 1950s, Johnson continued to appear in films and also appeared frequently in television guest appearances. He appeared as the celebrity mystery guest onWhat's My Line? airing on November 22, 1953, but was not questioned by the panel due to advance notice of his appearance. He then appeared again on the May 22, 1955, airing and was guessed byFred Allen. He was inThe End of the Affair (1955) at Columbia then madeThe Bottom of the Bottle (1956) at Fox. He received favorable critical notices for the 1956 dramatic filmMiracle in the Rain, co-starringJane Wyman, in which he played a good-hearted young soldier preparing to go to war, and in the mystery23 Paces to Baker Street, in which he played a blind playwright residing in London. He returned to MGM forSlander (1956) andAction of the Tiger (1957).
Johnson appeared as the title character of the highly rated "spectacular,"The Pied Piper of Hamelin, a musical version ofRobert Browning's poem, set to the music ofEdvard Grieg. FeaturingClaude Rains in his only singing and dancing role, it aired on November 26, 1957, as part of NBC's week of Thanksgiving specials.[17] The program was so successful it spawned a record album and was repeated in 1958.[18] Syndicated to many local stations, it was rerun annually for many years in the tradition of other holiday specials.
On February 19, 1959, Johnson appeared in the episode "Deadfall" ofCBS'sDick Powell's Zane Grey Theatre in the role of Frank Gilette, a former outlaw falsely charged with bank robbery. He is framed by Hugh Perry, a corrupt prosecutor played byHarry Townes, and Deputy Stover, portrayed byBing Russell. Convicted of the robbery, Gilette is captured by outlaws while on his way to prison, and the sheriff, Roy Lamont, portrayed byGrant Withers, is killed.[19]
In 1959, Johnson turned down an opportunity to star asEliot Ness inThe Untouchables, which went on to become a successful television series withRobert Stack as Ness.[20]
Johnson guest-starred as Joe Robertson, withJune Allyson andDon Rickles, in the 1960 episode "The Women Who" of the CBSanthology seriesThe DuPont Show with June Allyson. In 1961 Johnson traveled to England to star inHarold Fielding's production ofThe Music Man at theAdelphi Theatre in London. The show enjoyed a successful run of almost a year, with Johnson playing the arduous leading role of Harold Hill to great acclaim.In 1968 he was in the successful MGM filmYours, Mine and Ours (1968 film) along with Lucille Ball and Henry Fonda.
Johnson also guest-starred onBatman as "The Minstrel" in two episodes (39 and 40) in 1966. In the 1970s, he appeared onHere's Lucy,Quincy, M.E.,McMillan & Wife andLove, American Style. He played a lead character in the 1976 miniseriesRich Man, Poor Man, and was nominated for a prime timeEmmy Award for that role. In the 1980s, he appeared on an episode ofAngela Lansbury'sMurder, She Wrote along with June Allyson. He also appeared in a special two-part episode ofThe Love Boat, "The Musical: My Ex-Mom; The Show Must Go On; The Pest, Parts 1 and 2" which aired on February 27, 1982, and co-starredAnn Miller,Ethel Merman,Della Reese,Carol Channing, andCab Calloway.
In the 1970s, after twice fighting bouts of cancer, Johnson began a second career insummer stock anddinner theater. In 1985, returning toBroadway for the first time sincePal Joey, he was cast in the starring role of the musicalLa Cage aux Folles. In that same year he appeared in a supporting role inWoody Allen'sThe Purple Rose of Cairo. At the age of 75, now grey and rotund, he toured inShow Boat as Captain Andy. His last film appearance was inThree Days to a Kill (1992). In 2003, he appeared withBetsy Palmer for three performances ofA. R. Gurney'sLove Letters at a theater inWesley Hills, New York.[21]
Johnson married former stage actress Eve Abbott (1914–2004) on January 25, 1947, the day after her divorce was finalized from actorKeenan Wynn. Their daughter Schuyler was born in 1948. By this marriage, Johnson gained stepsons Edmond Keenan (Ned) and screenwriterTracy Keenan Wynn. In a statement by Eve, published after her death at age 90, she said MGM had engineered her marriage to Johnson to cover up his alleged homosexuality. "They needed their 'big star' to be married to quell rumors about his sexual preferences and unfortunately, I was 'It' – the only woman he would marry."[22] Commenting on their complicated relationships, Keenan Wynn's fatherEd Wynn said, "I can't keep them straight. Evie loved Keenan. Keenan loves Evie. Van loves Evie. Evie loves Van. Van loves Keenan. Keenan loves Van."[22]
Johnson's biographer Ronald L. Davis writes that it "seems to have been well known in the film capital" that Johnson had homosexual tendencies, but this was never reported or hinted at by newspaper columnists or movie magazine writers during the era when Johnson made movies.[23] Studio executiveLouis B. Mayer made strenuous efforts to quash any potential scandal regarding Johnson and any of his actor-friends whom Mayer suspected of being homosexual.[23] Johnson's marriage to Eve Abbott ended four years after Mayer's death when Johnson, performing as Professor Harold Hill inThe Music Man in theWest End in London, is alleged to have begun an affair with a male dancer in the production, according to her son Ned Wynn. He claimed that Johnson left her "for a man – a boy, really. He's the lead boy dancer."[22] The couple separated in 1961 and their divorce was finalized in 1968.[24][25]
In contrast to his "cheery Van" screen image, Eve claimed that he was morose and moody because of his difficult early life. She reported that he had little tolerance for unpleasantness and would stride into his bedroom and seclude himself at the slightest hint of trouble. He had a difficult relationship with his father growing up, and he was estranged from his daughter at the time of his death.[4]
Johnson retired from acting in the early 1990s and lived in a penthouse at 405 East 54th Street on Manhattan'sEast Side. He moved to Tappan Zee Manor, an assisted living facility in Nyack, New York. He died there on December 12, 2008, at age 92. His remains were cremated.[26]
Johnson was never nominated for anAcademy Award and, during the height of his career, was noted mainly for his cheerful screen presence. Reflecting on his career after his death, one critic observed that Johnson was "capable of an Oscar-worthy performance, and that's more than most movie stars can claim".[3] For his contribution to thefilm industry, Johnson has a star on theHollywood Walk of Fame at 6600 Hollywood Blvd.
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1940 | Too Many Girls | Chorus boy | Uncredited |
| 1942 | Murder in the Big House | Bert Bell | |
| For the Common Defense! | Agent Pritchard | Short film | |
| Somewhere I'll Find You | Lieutenant Wade Hall | Uncredited | |
| The War Against Mrs. Hadley | Michael Fitzpatrick | ||
| Dr. Gillespie's New Assistant | Dr. Randall 'Red' Adams | ||
| 1943 | The Human Comedy | Marcus Macauley | |
| Dr. Gillespie's Criminal Case | Dr. Randall 'Red' Adams | ||
| Pilot No. 5 | Everett Arnold | ||
| Madame Curie | Reporter | ||
| A Guy Named Joe | Ted Randall | ||
| 1944 | Two Girls and a Sailor | John Dyckman Brown III | |
| The White Cliffs of Dover | Sam Bennett | ||
| 3 Men in White | Dr. Randall 'Red' Ames | ||
| Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo | Ted W. Lawson | ||
| 1945 | Between Two Women | Dr. Randall 'Red' Adams | |
| Thrill of a Romance | Major Thomas Milvaine | ||
| Week-End at the Waldorf | Captain James Hollis | ||
| 1946 | Easy to Wed | William Stevens 'Bill' Chandler | |
| No Leave, No Love | Sergeant Michael Hanlon | ||
| Till the Clouds Roll By | Bandleader in Elite Club | ||
| 1947 | High Barbaree | Alec Brooke | |
| The Romance of Rosy Ridge | Henry Carson | ||
| 1948 | The Bride Goes Wild | Greg Rawlings | |
| State of the Union | Spike McManus | ||
| Command Decision | Technical Sergeant Immanuel T. Evans | ||
| 1949 | Mother Is a Freshman | Professor Richard Michaels | |
| Scene of the Crime | Mike Conovan | ||
| In the Good Old Summertime | Andrew Delby Larkin | ||
| Battleground | Holley | ||
| 1950 | The Big Hangover | David Muldon | |
| Duchess of Idaho | Dick Layne | ||
| 1951 | Grounds for Marriage | Dr. Lincoln I. Bartlett | |
| Three Guys Named Mike | Mike Lawrence | ||
| Go for Broke! | Lieutenant Michael Grayson | ||
| It's a Big Country | Rev. Adam Burch | ||
| Too Young to Kiss | Eric Wainwright | ||
| 1952 | Invitation | Daniel I. "Dan" Pierce | |
| When in Rome | Father John X. Halligan | ||
| Washington Story | Joseph T. Gresham | ||
| Plymouth Adventure | John Alden | ||
| 1953 | Confidentially Connie | Joe Bedloe | |
| Remains to Be Seen | Waldo Williams | ||
| Easy to Love | Ray Lloyd | ||
| 1954 | Siege at Red River | Capt. James S. Simmons / Jim Farraday | |
| Men of the Fighting Lady | Lt. (JG) Howard Thayer | ||
| The Caine Mutiny | Lt. Stephen Maryk, USNR | ||
| Brigadoon | Jeff Douglas | ||
| The Last Time I Saw Paris | Charles Wills | ||
| 1955 | The End of the Affair | Maurice Bendrix | |
| 1956 | The Bottom of the Bottle | Donald Martin / Eric Bell | |
| Miracle in the Rain | Pvt 1st class Arthur Hugenon | ||
| 23 Paces to Baker Street | Phillip Hannon | ||
| 1957 | Slander | Scott Ethan Martin | |
| Kelly and Me | Len Carmody | ||
| Action of the Tiger | Carson | ||
| 1959 | The Last Blitzkrieg | Lt. Hans Von Kroner / Sgt. Leonard Richardson | |
| Subway in the Sky | Major Baxter Grant | ||
| Beyond This Place | Paul Mathry | ||
| 1960 | The Enemy General | Allan Lemaire (OSS agent) | |
| 1963 | Wives and Lovers | Bill Austin | |
| 1967 | Divorce American Style | Al Yearling | |
| 1968 | Where Angels Go, Trouble Follows | Father Chase | |
| Yours, Mine and Ours | Warrant Officer Darrel Harrison | ||
| 1969 | Eagles Over London | Air Marshal George Taylor | |
| The Price of Power | President James Garfield | Alternative titles:La muerte de un presidente /Texas. | |
| 1971 | Eye of the Spider | Professor Orson Krüger | Alternative title:L'occhio del ragno. |
| 1979 | The Concorde Affair | Captain Scott | Alternative title:Concorde Affaire '79. |
| From Corleone to Brooklyn | Lieutenant Sturges | Alternative titles:Da Corleone a Brooklyn /The Sicilian Boss. | |
| 1980 | The Kidnapping of the President | Vice President Ethan Richards | |
| 1982 | Scorpion with Two Tails | Mulligan – Joan's father | |
| 1985 | The Purple Rose of Cairo | Larry Wilde | |
| 1988 | Laggiù nella giungla | Professor | |
| Taxi Killer | Police Lt. R. Bradford | ||
| 1989 | Killer Crocodile | Judge | |
| 1990 | Flight from Paradise | Old Narrator | |
| 1991 | Delta Force Commando II: Priority Red One | Gen. McCailland | |
| 1992 | Clowning Around | Mr. Ranthow | |
| Three Days to a Kill | Comm. Howard | (final film role) |
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1955 | I Love Lucy | Himself | Episode: "The Dancing Star" |
| 1957 | The Pied Piper of Hamelin | Pied Piper/Truson | Television special |
| 1959 | Dick Powell's Zane Grey Theatre | Frank Gilette | Episode: "Deadfall" |
| 1960 | General Electric Theater | Jimmy Devlin | Episode: "At Your Service" |
| 1960 | The Ann Sothern Show | Terry Tyler | Episode: "Loving Arms" |
| 1965 | Ben Casey | Frank Dawson | Episode: "A Man, a Maid, and a Marionette" |
| 1966 | Batman | The Minstrel | Episodes: "The Minstrel's Shakedown" / "Barbecued Batman?" |
| The Doomsday Flight | Captain Anderson, Pilot | TV movie written byRod Serling about a bomb threat to a plane. | |
| 1967 | The Danny Thomas Hour | Charlie Snow | Episode: "Is Charlie Coming?" |
| 1968 | Here's Lucy | Himself | Episode: "Guess Who Owes Lucy $23.50?" |
| 1971 | The Men from Shiloh | Alonzo | Episode: "The Angus Killer" |
| 1971 | The Doris Day Show | Charlie Webb | Episodes: "Cousin Charlie" / "The Albatross" |
| 1971 | Love, American Style | Don | Segment: "Love and the House Bachelor" |
| 1972 | Maude | Henry | Episode: "Flashback" |
| 1974 | McCloud | Dan Kiley | Episode: "This Must Be the Alamo" |
| 1974 | McMillan & Wife | Harry Jerome | Episode: "Downshift to Danger" |
| 1974 | The Girl on the Late, Late Show | Johnny Leverett | TV movie |
| 1976 | Rich Man, Poor Man | Marsh Goodwin | Miniseries Nominated—Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single Performance by a Supporting Actor in Comedy or Drama Series |
| 1976 | Rich Man, Poor Man Book II | Marsh Goodwin | Miniseries |
| 1977 | Quincy, M.E. | Al Ringerman | Episodes: "Snake Eyes" (Parts 1 & 2) |
| 1978 | The Love Boat | Bert Wyler | S2 E9 "Her Own Two Feet" |
| 1982 | One Day at a Time | Gus Webster | Episode: "Grandma's Nest Egg" |
| 1982 | The Love Boat | Various roles | Segments: "The Musical" / "My Ex-Mom" / "The Show Must Go On" / "The Pest" / "My Aunt, the Worrier" |
| 1983 | The Forgotten Story | Perry | Miniseries |
| 1983 | Tales of the Unexpected | Gerry T. Armstrong | Episode: "Down Among the Sheltering Palms" |
| 1984–1990 | Murder, She Wrote | Various roles | Episodes: "Hannigan's Wake" / "Menace, Anyone?" / "Hit, Run and Homicide" |
| 1988 | Alfred Hitchcock Presents | Art Bellasco | Episode: "Killer Takes All" |
| 1989 | Coming of Age | "Red" Pepper | Episode: "Pauline et Rouge" |
For a number of years film exhibitors voted Johnson among the most popular stars in the country:
| Year | Title |
|---|---|
| 1936 | Eight Men in Manhattan |
| 1936 | New Faces of 1936 |
| 1939 | Too Many Girls |
| 1940 | Pal Joey |
| 1961–63; 1973 | The Music Man |
| 1962 | Come On Strong |
| 1963 | Bye Bye Birdie |
| 1963; 1971 | Damn Yankees |
| 1963 | Guys and Dolls |
| 1964 | A Thousand Clowns |
| 1965 | Mating Dance |
| 1966 | On a Clear Day You Can See Forever |
| 1968 | Bells Are Ringing |
| 1968 | The Great Sebastians |
| 1968; 1971; 1974 | There's a Girl in My Soup (play) |
| 1970 | Forty Carats |
| 1972; 1974 | Help Stamp Out Marriage |
| 1974 | 6 Rms Riv Vu |
| 1975 | Boeing-Boeing |
| 1977 | How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying |
| 1980 | Tribute |
| 1983 | No, No, Nanette |
| 1985 | La Cage aux Folles |
| 1991 | Showboat |
| Year | Program | Episode/source |
|---|---|---|
| 1944 | The Burns and Allen Show | NA[27] |
| 1946 | Lux Radio Theatre | You Came Along[28] |
| 1946 | The Jack Benny Show | Weekend at the ACME Plaza |
| 1952 | Cavalcade of America | Billy the Kid[29] |
| 1953 | Theatre Guild on the Air | State Fair[30] |
| 1953 | Broadway Playhouse | Detective Story[30] |
