Valery Rubakov | |
|---|---|
Валерий Рубаков | |
 Rubakov in 2019 | |
| Born | Valery Anatolyevich Rubakov (1955-02-16)16 February 1955 |
| Died | 18 October 2022(2022-10-18) (aged 67) Sarov,Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia |
| Nationality | Russian |
| Alma mater | Moscow State University Institute for Nuclear Research |
| Awards | RASFriedmann Prize (1999) ITEPPomeranchuk Prize (2003) INRMarkov Prize (2005) Bruno Pontecorvo Prize (2008) HeidelbergJensen Prize (2008) KITWess Prize (2010) Demidov Prize (2016) Hamburger Preis für Theoretische Physik (2020) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Quantum field theory Elementary particle physics Cosmology |
| Institutions | INR Moscow State University |
| Thesis | Structure of Vacuum in Gauge Models of Quantum Field Theory (1981) |
| Academic advisors | NV Krasnikov [ru] A Tavkhelidze |
| Notable students | DS Gorbunov [ru] Đàm Thanh Sơn |
Valery Anatolyevich Rubakov (Russian:Валерий Анатольевич Рубаков, 16 February 1955 – 18 October 2022) was a Russian theoretical physicist. His scientific interests includedquantum field theory,elementary particle physics, andcosmology.
He was affiliated with theInstitute for Nuclear Research (INR) of theRussian Academy of Sciences inMoscow.[1]
Rubakov studied physics atMoscow State University, graduating in 1978. He subsequently began doctoral work at the INR, completing his thesis in 1981.[2]
Rubakov was among the best known of contemporary Russian physical theorists,[3][4] notable for his studies of the cosmological effects of gauge interactions and for the development of novel ideas of space-time and gravity.[5]
Rubakov first came to prominence for monopole catalysis of proton decay, a remarkable insight on contemporary field theory.[6]'t Hooft andPolyakov had shown that someGrand Unified Theories predict the existence ofmassive magnetic monopoles. Rubakov pointed out such a monopole would induce proton decay, leaving an observable footprint in the form of electron neutrinos. The phenomenon was independently suggested byCurtis Callan and has become known as theCallan–Rubakov effect.[7]
Together withMikhail Shaposhnikov, Rubakov was one of the first to model spacetime and gravity using ideas frombrane cosmology.[8] Rubakov and Shaposhnikov conjectured that we live on a four-dimensionalbrane embedded in a higher-dimensional universe. Ordinary particles are confined in a potential well which is narrow along the additional dimensions, thereby localizing matter to the brane.[5]
Rubakov's paper with Shaposhnikov andVadim Kuzmin on the effect of electroweak non-conservation of baryon and lepton numbers at high temperatures is considered fundamental to modern theory about the early universe.[9]
Rubakov was the author of a well-regarded textbook on field theory.[10]
He served as a member of theCERN Scientific Policy Committee from 2014 to 2019 and theICTP Scientific Council from 2010 to 2020.[1]
Rubakov was a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1998. He was elected to theAmerican Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2015.[11]
In 1999 the Russian Academy of Sciences awarded Rubakov and Kuzmin theFriedmann Prize "for a series of works on the formation of the baryon asymmetry of the universe".[12] He received the 2003ITEPPomeranchuk Prize "for pioneering contribution[sic] to developing and novel application of nonperturbative methods in field theory".[3][4] In 2005 he was awarded the INRMarkov Prize for fundamental physics withMikhael Shaposhnikov [de;ru].[13][5] In 2008 he won theJ. Hans D. Jensen Prize of theUniversity of Heidelberg,[14] and theBruno Pontecorvo Prize "for his essential contributions to the study of close interrelation among particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology, and to the elaboration of a fundamentally new theory of physical space".[15] In 2010 he received theKarlsruhe Institute of TechnologyJulius Wess Prize.[16] The award was presented as part of a celebration of 50 years of teaching and research in particle physics at Karlsruhe, at which Rubakov gave a lecture entitled "Towards understanding the origin of inhomogeneities in the Universe" .[17] In 2016 Rubakov was awarded theDemidov Prize "for fundamental theoretical contributions to the foundations of physics: quantum field theory, elementary particle physics, gravity, the theory of the early universe".[18] In 2020 he received theHamburg Prize for Theoretical Physics,[19] worth €137.036.[20]
In February 2022, Rubakov signed an open letter by Russian scientists condemning the2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[21]
Rubakov died on 18 October 2022, at age 67, following complications fromCOVID-19 that he had contracted in September. He had been inSarov at the time of his death, lecturing.[22]
За серию работ "Образование барионной ассиметрии Вселенной"
за основополагающий теоретический вклад в фундаментальные направления физики: квантовую теорию поля, физику элементарных частиц, гравитацию, теорию ранней Вселенной
