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On2 TrueMotion VP3 is a (royalty-free)lossyvideo compression format andvideo codec. It is an incarnation of theTrueMotion video codec, a series of video codecs developed byOn2 Technologies.
There is no formal specification for the VP3bitstream format beyond the VP3 source code published by On2 Technologies. In 2003, Mike Melanson created an incomplete description of the VP3 bitstream format and decoding process at a higher level than source code, with some help from On2 and theXiph.Org Foundation.
VP3 was originally aproprietary and patented video codec.On2 TrueMotion VP3.1 was introduced in May 2000 followed three months later by the VP3.2 release.[1][2] Later that year, On2 announced VP3 plugins forQuickTime andRealPlayer.[3][4] In May 2001, On2 released the beta version of its new VP4 proprietary codec.[5][6] In June 2001, On2 also released a VP3 codec implementation forMicrosoft Windows[7] where the encoder was priced at $39.95 for personal use, and $2,995 for limited commercial use.[8] In August 2001, On2 Technologies announced that they would be releasing an open source version of their VP3.2 video compression algorithm.[9][10] In September 2001 they published thesource code and open source license for VP3.2 video compression algorithm at www.vp3.com.[11][12][13][14][15] The VP3.2 Public License 0.1 granted the right to modify the source code only if the resulting larger work continued to support playback of VP3.2 data.[11][12][16]
In September, 2001 it was donated to the public asopen source, and On2 irrevocably disclaimed all rights to it, granting a royalty-free license grant for any patent claims it might have over the software and any derivatives,[17] allowing anyone to use any VP3-derived codec for any purpose.[18][19]In March 2002, On2 altered licensing terms required to download the source code for VP3 toLGPL.[20]
In June 2002 On2 donated VP3 to theXiph.org Foundation under aBSD-likeopen source license to make VP3 the basis of a new, free (e.g. patent- and royalty-free) video codec,Theora.[21][22]
The free video codec Theora was forked off from the released codebase of VP3.2 and further developed into an independent codec. On2 declared Theora to be the successor in VP3's lineage.[citation needed]
Theora developers declared afreeze on the Theora I bitstream format in June 2004, allowing other companies to start implementing encoders and decoders for the format without worrying about the format changing in incompatible ways.[23] TheTheora I Specification was published in September 2004.[24] Any later changes in the specification are minor updates. A first stable release (version 1.0) of the Theorareference implementation (libtheora) was released in November 2008.[25][26]
VP4 was announced in January 2001.[27] On2 Technologies released the beta version of VP4 on May 21, 2001.[6][28] In June 2001 On2 Technologies posted the production release of VP4 on its website.[6] VP4 brought an improved encoder for VP3 bitstream format.[citation needed]So because of keeping the bitstream format VP4 can't be seen as an individual codec.[citation needed]
On July 19, 2001 On2 announced an agreement withRealNetworks to license its VP4 video compression technology, for set-top boxes and other devices. On2 enabled RealPlayer as the exclusive media player for the VP4 codec and the RealSystem iQ architecture became the only streaming media platform capable of delivering the VP4 codec.[29][30] The first beta version of a plug-in forRealPlayer was announced in January 2002.[31]
LatelyAOL licensed VP4 and created theNullsoft Streaming Video format.[citation needed] Now the VP4 codec is limited, but still used by AOL.[citation needed]
Later incarnations of this codec areVP5,VP6,VP7,VP8, andVP9.
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