This article'slead sectionmay be too short to adequatelysummarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead toprovide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article.(February 2025)

Competitors at theOlympic Games have used bannedathletic performance-enhancing drugs.

The use of performance-enhancing tactics and, more broadly, the use of any external device to nefariously influence the outcome of a sporting event has been a part of the Olympics since its inception in Ancient Greece. One speculation as to why men were required to compete naked was to prevent the use of extra accoutrements and to keep women from competing in events specifically designed for men.^[1] Athletes were also known to drink "magic" potions and eat exotic meats in the hopes of giving them an athletic edge on their competition.^[2] If they were caught cheating, their likenesses were often engraved into stone and placed in a pathway that led to the Olympic stadium.^[1] In the modern Olympic era, chemically enhancing one's performance has evolved into a sophisticated science, but in the early years of the Modern Olympic movement the use of performance-enhancing drugs was almost as crude as its ancient predecessors. For example, the winner of themarathon at the1904 Games,Thomas Hicks, was givenstrychnine andbrandy by his coach, even during the race.^[3]

During the early 20th century, many Olympic athletes discovered ways to improve their athletic abilities by boosting testosterone. As their methods became more extreme, it became increasingly evident that the use ofperformance-enhancing drugs was not only a threat to the integrity of sport but could also have potentially fatal side effects on the athlete. The only Olympic death linked to athletic drug use occurred at theRome Games of 1960. During the cycling road race,Danish cyclistKnud Enemark Jensen fell from his bicycle and later died. A coroner's inquiry found that he was under the influence ofamphetamine, which had caused him to lose consciousness during the race.^[4] Jensen's death exposed to the world how endemic drug use was among elite athletes.^[5] By the mid-1960s, sports federations were starting to ban the use of performance-enhancing drugs, and the IOC followed suit in 1967.^[6]

The first Olympic athlete to test positive for the use of performance-enhancing drugs wasHans-Gunnar Liljenwall, a Swedishpentathlete at the1968 Summer Olympics, who lost his bronze medal for alcohol use,^[7] "two beers" to steady his nerves.^[8] Liljenwall was the only athlete to test positive for a banned substance at the 1968 Olympics, but as the technology and testing techniques improved, the number of athletes discovered to be chemically enhancing their performance increased as well.

The most systematic case of drug use for athletic achievement is that of the East German Olympic teams of the 1970s and 1980s. In 1990, documents were discovered that showed manyEast German female athletes, especially swimmers, had been administeredanabolic steroids and other drugs by their coaches and trainers. Girls as young as eleven were started on the drug regimen without consent from their parents. American female swimmers, includingShirley Babashoff, accused theEast Germans of using performance-enhancing drugs as early as the1976 Summer Games.^[9] Babashoff's comments were dismissed by the international and domestic media as sour grapes since Babashoff, a clear favorite to win multiple gold medals, won three silver medals – losing all three times to either of the two East GermansKornelia Ender orPetra Thümer, and one gold medal in a relay. There was no suspicion of cheating on the part of the East German female swimmers even though their medal tally increased from four silvers and one bronze in1972 to ten golds (out of a possible 12), six silvers, and one bronze in1976. No clear evidence was discovered until after the fall of theBerlin Wall, when the aforementioned documents proved that East Germany had embarked on a state-sponsored drug regimen to dramatically improve their competitiveness at the Olympic Games and other international sporting events. Many of the East German authorities responsible for this program have been subsequently tried and found guilty of various crimes in the German penal system.^[10][11]

The report, titled "Doping in Germany from 1950 to today", details how theWest German government helped fund a wide-scale doping program. West Germany encouraged and covered up a culture of doping across many sports for decades.^[12] Doping of West German athletes was prevalent at the Munich Games of 1972, and at the 1976 Montreal Olympics.^[13]

According to British journalistAndrew Jennings, aKGB colonel stated that the agency's officers had posed as anti-doping authorities from theInternational Olympic Committee to underminedoping tests and that Soviet athletes were "rescued with [these] tremendous efforts".^[14] On the topic of the1980 Summer Olympics, a 1989 Australian study said "There is hardly a medal winner at the Moscow Games, certainly not a gold medal winner, who is not on one sort of drug or another: usually several kinds. The Moscow Games might as well have been called the Chemists' Games."^[14][15]

Documents obtained in 2016 revealed the Soviet Union's plans for a statewide doping system in track and field in preparation for the1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. Dated prior to the country's decision to boycott the Games, the document detailed the existing steroids operations of the program, along with suggestions for further enhancements.^[16] The communication, directed to the Soviet Union's head of track and field, was prepared by Dr. Sergei Portugalov of the Institute for Physical Culture. Portugalov was also one of the main figures involved in the implementation of the Russian doping program prior to the 2016 Summer Olympics.^[16]

China was accused of conducting a state sanctioned doping programme on athletes in the 1980s and 1990s.^[17] In a July 2012 interview published by theSydney Morning Herald newspaper, Chen Zhangho, the lead doctor for the Chinese Olympic team at theLos Angeles,Seoul andBarcelona Olympics told of how he had tested hormones, blood doping and steroids on about fifty elite athletes.^[18] Chen also accused the United States, the Soviet Union and France of using performance-enhancing drugs at the same time as China.^[18]

A very publicized steroid-related disqualification at an Olympic Games was the case ofCanadian sprinterBen Johnson, who won theMen's 100 metres at the1988 Seoul Olympics, but tested positive forstanozolol. His gold medal was subsequently stripped and awarded to runner-upCarl Lewis, who had tested positive for stimulants at the U.S. Olympic Trials. The highest level of stimulant Lewis recorded was 6 ppm, which was regarded as a positive test in 1988 but is now regarded as a negative test. The acceptable level was later raised to ten parts per million for ephedrine and twenty-five parts per million for other substances.^[19][20] According to the IOC rules at the time, positive tests with levels lower than 10 ppm were cause of further investigation but not immediate ban. Neal Benowitz, a professor of medicine at UC San Francisco who is an expert on ephedrine and other stimulants, agreed that "These [levels] are what you'd see from someone taking cold or allergy medicines and are unlikely to have any effect on performance."^[19] The IAAF acknowledged that at the 1988 Olympic Trials the USOC followed the correct procedures in dealing with positive findings for ephedrine and ephedrine-related compounds in low concentration.

In the late 1990s, the IOC took the initiative in a more organized battle against doping, leading to the formation of theWorld Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) in 1999. The2000 Summer Olympics and2002 Winter Olympics have shown that the effort to eliminate performance-enhancing drugs from the Olympics is not over, as several medalists in weightlifting and cross-country skiing were disqualified due to failing a drug test. During the2006 Winter Olympics, only one athlete failed a drug test and had a medal revoked. The IOC-established drug testing regimen (now known as the "Olympic Standard") has set the worldwide benchmark that other sporting federations attempt to emulate.^[21] During theBeijing games, 3,667 athletes were tested by the IOC under the auspices of the World Anti-Doping Agency. Both urine and blood testing was used in a coordinated effort to detect banned substances and recentblood transfusions. While several athletes were barred from competition by their National Olympic Committees prior to the Games, six athletes failed drug tests while in competition in Beijing.^[22][23]

What follows is a list of all the athletes that have tested positive for a banned substance either during or after an Olympic Games in which they competed. Any medals listed were revoked by theInternational Olympic Commission (IOC). In 1967 the IOC banned the use of performance-enhancing drugs, instituted a Medical Commission, and created a list of banned substances.^[24] Mandatory testing began at the following year's Games.^[24] In a few cases the IOC has reversed earlier rulings that stripped athletes of medals.

Name	Country	Sport	Banned substance	Medals
Hans-Gunnar Liljenwall	Sweden	Modern pentathlon	Ethanol	(team)

In addition, the Bulgarian Greco-Roman wrestlerHristo Traykov was disqualified from his bout againstDavid Hazewinkel for using concealedsmelling salts during their bout.^[25]

As a 16-year-old, Rick DeMont qualified to represent the United States at the1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany. He originally won the gold medal in themen's 400-meter freestyle, but following the race, theInternational Olympic Committee (IOC) disqualified DeMont^[26] after his post-race urinalysis tested positive for traces of the banned substanceephedrine contained in his prescription asthma medication, Marax. The positive test following the 400-meter freestyle final also deprived him of a chance at multiple medals, as he was barred from any other events at the Olympics, including the 1,500-meter freestyle for which he was the then-current world record-holder.

Before the Olympics, DeMont had properly declared his asthma medications on his medical disclosure forms, but the U.S. Olympic Committee (USOC) had not cleared them with the IOC's medical committee.^[27] In 2001, his gold medal performance in the 1972 Summer Olympics was recognised by theUnited States Olympic Committee (USOC).^[28][29] However, only the IOC has the power to restore his medal, and it has, as of 2019, refused to do so.^[28][30]

Name	Country	Sport	Anti-doping rule violation	Medals	Ref.
Bakaava Buidaa	Mongolia	Judo	Dianabol	(63 kg)	[31]
Miguel Coll	Puerto Rico	Basketball	Amphetamine		[31][32]
Rick DeMont	United States	Swimming	Ephedrine	(men's 400 m freestyle)	[31]
Aad van den Hoek	Netherlands	Cycling	Coramine	(100 km team race)	[31]
Jaime Huélamo	Spain	Cycling	Coramine	(individual road race)	[31]
Walter Legel	Austria	Weightlifting	Amphetamine		[31]
Mohammad Reza Nasehi	Iran	Weightlifting	Ephedrine		[31]

Name	Country	Sport	Anti-doping rule violation	Medals	Ref.
Blagoi Blagoev	Bulgaria	Weightlifting	Anabolic steroid	(82.5 kg)	[31]
Mark Cameron	United States	Weightlifting	Anabolic steroid		[31]
Paul Cerutti	Monaco	Shooting	Amphetamine		[31]
Dragomir Cioroslan	Romania	Weightlifting	Fencamfamine		[31]
Phil Grippaldi	United States	Weightlifting	Anabolic steroid		[31]
Zbigniew Kaczmarek	Poland	Weightlifting	Anabolic steroid	(67.5 kg)	[31]
Valentin Khristov	Bulgaria	Weightlifting	Anabolic steroid	(110 kg)	[31]
Lorne Leibel	Canada	Sailing	Phenylpropanolamine		[31]
Arne Norrback	Sweden	Weightlifting	Anabolic steroid		[31]
Petr Pavlasek	Czechoslovakia	Weightlifting	Anabolic steroid		[31]
Danuta Rosani	Poland	Athletics	Anabolic steroid		[31][33]

Leibel was disqualified from the race that took place on the day that he provided the positive sample but was allowed to continue in the event.^[34]

Though no athletes were caught doping at the 1980 Summer Olympics, it has been revealed that athletes had begun usingtestosterone and other drugs for which tests had not been yet developed. According to British journalistAndrew Jennings, aKGB colonel stated that the agency's officers had posed as anti-doping authorities from theInternational Olympic Committee (IOC) to underminedoping tests and that Soviet athletes were "rescued with [these] tremendous efforts".^[14] A 1989 report by a committee of theAustralian Senate claimed that "there is hardly a medal winner at the Moscow Games, certainly not a gold medal winner... who is not on one sort of drug or another: usually several kinds. The Moscow Games might well have been called the Chemists' Games".^[35][15]

A member of the IOC Medical Commission, Manfred Donike, privately ran additional tests with a new technique for identifying abnormal levels of testosterone by measuring its ratio toepitestosterone inurine. Twenty percent of the specimens he tested, including those from sixteen gold medalists would have resulted in disciplinary proceedings had the tests been official.^[35] The results of Donike's unofficial tests later convinced the IOC to add his new technique to their testing protocols.^[36] The first documented case of "blood doping" occurred at the 1980 Summer Olympics as a runner was transfused with two pints of blood before winning medals in the 5000 m and 10,000 m.^[37]

Name	Country	Sport	Banned substance	Medals	Ref.
Serafim Grammatikopoulos	Greece	Weightlifting	Nandrolone
Vésteinn Hafsteinsson	Iceland	Athletics	Nandrolone		[33]
Tomas Johansson	Sweden	Wrestling	Methenolone	(super-heavy)
Stefan Laggner	Austria	Weightlifting	Nandrolone
Göran Pettersson	Sweden	Weightlifting	Nandrolone
Eiji Shimomura	Japan	Volleyball	Testosterone
Mikiyasu Tanaka	Japan	Volleyball	Ephedrine
Ahmed Tarbi	Algeria	Weightlifting	Nandrolone
Mahmoud Tarha	Lebanon	Weightlifting	Nandrolone
Giampaolo Urlando	Italy	Athletics	Testosterone		[33]
Martti Vainio	Finland	Athletics	Methenolone	(10,000 m)	[33]
Anna Verouli	Greece	Athletics	Nandrolone		[33]

The organizers of the Los Angeles games had refused to provide the IOC doping authorities with a safe prior to the start of the games. Due to a lack of security, medical records were subsequently stolen.^[35] A 1994 letter from IOC Medical Commission chairAlexandre de Mérode claimed that Tony Daly, a member of the Los Angeles organizing committee had destroyed the records.^[35]Dick Pound later wrote of his frustration that the organizing committee had removed evidence before it could be acted on by the IOC. Pound also claimed that IOC PresidentJuan Antonio Samaranch andPrimo Nebiolo, President of theInternational Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) had conspired to delay the announcement of positive tests so that the games could pass without controversy.^[35]

The American cyclistPat McDonough later admitted to "blood doping" at the 1984 Los Angeles Games.^[38] Following the games it was revealed that one-third of the U.S. cycling team had received blood transfusions before the games, where they won nine medals, their first medal success since the1912 Summer Olympics.^[38] "Blood doping" was banned by the IOC in 1985 (at the time of the Olympics it was not banned), though no test existed for it at the time.^[38]

Name	Country	Sport	Banned substance	Medals	Ref.
Ali Dad	Afghanistan	Wrestling	Furosemide
Kerrith Brown	Great Britain	Judo	Furosemide	(71 kg)	[39]
Kalman Csengeri	Hungary	Weightlifting	Stanozolol
Mitko Grablev	Bulgaria	Weightlifting	Furosemide	(56 kg)
Angell Guenchev	Bulgaria	Weightlifting	Furosemide	(67.5 kg)
Ben Johnson	Canada	Athletics	Stanozolol	(men's 100 m)	[33]
Fernando Mariaca	Spain	Weightlifting	Pemoline
Jorge Quesada	Spain	Modern pentathlon	Propranolol
Andor Szanyi	Hungary	Weightlifting	Stanozolol	(100 kg)
Alexander Watson	Australia	Modern Pentathlon	Caffeine

Name	Country	Sport	Banned substance	Medals	Details	Ref.
Madina Biktagirova	Unified Team	Athletics	Norephedrine			[33]
Wu Dan	China	Volleyball	Strychnine
Bonnie Dasse	United States	Athletics	Clenbuterol			[33]
Andrew Davies	Great Britain	Weightlifting	Clenbuterol	Withdrawn prior to competition but later exonerated.		[40][41][42]
Jason Livingston	Great Britain	Athletics	Anabolic steroid	Withdrawn prior to competition		[43][42]
Jud Logan	United States	Athletics	Clenbuterol			[33]
Nijolė Medvedeva	Lithuania	Athletics	Mesocarb			[33]
Andrew Saxton	Great Britain	Weightlifting	Clenbuterol	Withdrawn prior to competition but later exonerated.		[40][41][42]

Name	Country	Sport	Banned substance	Medals	Ref.
Antonella Bevilacqua	Italy	Athletics	Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine		[33][44]
Dean Capobianco	Australia	Athletics	Stanozolol		[33][44]
Sandra Farmer-Patrick	United States	Athletics	Testosterone		[33][45]
Daniel Plaza	Spain	Athletics	Nandrolone		[33][46][47]
Iva Prandzheva	Bulgaria	Athletics	Metadienone		[33][48]
Mary Slaney	United States	Athletics	Testosterone		[33][49]
Natalya Shekhodanova	Russia	Athletics	Stanozolol		[33][48][50]

Five athletes tested positive for the stimulantbromantan and were disqualified by the IOC, but later reinstated after an appeal to the Court of Arbitration for Sport: swimmersAndrey Korneyev andNina Zhivanevskaya, Greco-Roman wrestlerZafar Guliev and sprinterMarina Trandenkova, all from Russia, and the Lithuanian track cyclistRita Razmaitė. Dr. Vitaly Slionssarenko, physician to the Lithuanian cycling team and team coachBoris Vasilyev were expelled from the games by the IOC for their role in the scandal.^{[51][52][53][48]} The athletes and officials were reprimanded.^{[54][55][56][57][58]}

The Irish long-distance runnerMarie McMahon (Davenport) got a reprimand after testing positive for the stimulantphenylpropanolamine,^[48][59][60] and Cuban judokaEstella Rodriguez Villanueva got a reprimand after she tested positive for the diureticfurosemide.^[48]

Name	Country	Sport	Banned substance	Medals	Ref.
Fritz Aanes	Norway	Wrestling	Norandrosterone and noretiochdandone
Lance Armstrong	United States	Cycling (Road race andTime trial)	Investigation by U.S. Anti-Doping Agency concluded in 2012: Use, Possession, Trafficking, Administration of Prohibited Substances and Methods and Assisting, Encouraging, Aiding, Abetting, Covering Up, or any other type of complicity involving one or more anti-doping rule violations and/or attempted anti-doping rule violations.	(Time trial)
Ashot Danielyan	Armenia	Weightlifting	Stanozolol	(+105 kg)
Izabela Dragneva	Bulgaria	Weightlifting	Furosemide	(48 kg)
Stian Grimseth	Norway	Weightlifting	Nandrolone
Ivan Ivanov	Bulgaria	Weightlifting	Furosemide	(56 kg)
Marion Jones	United States	Athletics	THG	(women's 100 m), (women's 200 m), (women's 4x400 m relay), (women's long jump), (women's 4x100 m relay)	[33]
Alexander Leipold	Germany	Wrestling	Nandrolone	(76 kg)
Sevdalin Minchev	Bulgaria	Weightlifting	Furosemide	(62 kg)
Antonio Pettigrew	United States	Athletics	EPO andHGH	(men's 4 × 400 m relay)	[33]
Svetlana Pospelova	Russia	Athletics	Stanozolol		[33][61]
Oyuunbilegiin Pürevbaatar	Mongolia	Wrestling	Furosemide
Andreea Răducan	Romania	Gymnastics	Pseudophedrine[62]	(women's individual all-round)
Andris Reinholds	Latvia	Rowing	Nandrolone
Jerome Young	United States	Athletics	Nandrolone	(men's 4 × 400 m relay)	[33]

Name	Country	Sport	Anti-doping rule violation	Medals	Ref.
Wafa Ammouri	Morocco	Weightlifting	Anabolic steroid		[63]
Adrián Annus	Hungary	Athletics	Falsified test result, evasion of doping control	(men's hammer throw)	[33][63]
Ludger Beerbaum	Germany	Equestrian	Betamethasone (to horse Goldfever)	(team jumping)
Yuriy Bilonog	Ukraine	Athletics	Oxandrolone (positive after retest in 2012)	(men's shot put)	[33][64][65]
Zhanna Block	Ukraine	Athletics	BALCO investigation		[33]
Andrew Brack	Greece	Baseball	Stanozolol (pre-Games test)		[66]
Viktor Chislean	Moldova	Weightlifting	Anabolic steroid		[63]
Crystal Cox	United States	Athletics	Anabolic agents and hormones (investigation completed 2010)	(women's 4 × 400 m relay)	[33][67]
Róbert Fazekas	Hungary	Athletics	Refused to submit sample	(men's discus throw)	[33][63][68]
Mabel Fonseca	Puerto Rico	Wrestling	Stanozolol		[63]
Anton Galkin	Russia	Athletics	Stanozolol		[33][63]
Ferenc Gyurkovics	Hungary	Weightlifting	Oxandrolone	(105 kg)	[63]
Tyler Hamilton	United States	Cycling	Use of prohibited substances and methods (self admission)	(men's road time trial)	[69]
Marion Jones	United States	Athletics	BALCO investigation		[33]
Zoltan Kecskes	Hungary	Weightlifting	Anabolic steroid		[63]
Konstantinos Kenteris	Greece	Athletics	Evasion of doping control		[63][68]
Albina Khomich	Russia	Weightlifting	Testosterone		[63]
Aye Khine Nan	Myanmar	Weightlifting	Anabolic steroid		[63]
Irina Korzhanenko	Russia	Athletics	Stanozolol	(women's shot put)	[33][63][68]
Zoltán Kovács	Hungary	Weightlifting	Refused to submit sample		[63]
Svetlana Krivelyova	Russia	Athletics	Oxandrolone (positive after retest in 2012)	(women's shot put)	[33][65][70][71]
Pratima Kumari Na	India	Weightlifting	Anabolic steroid		[63]
Aleksey Lesnichiy	Belarus	Athletics	Clenbuterol		[33][63][68]
David Munyasia	Kenya	Boxing	Cathine		[63]
Derek Nicholson	Greece	Baseball	Diuretic (pre-Games test)		[66]
Cian O'Connor	Ireland	Equestrian	Antipsychotics (to horse Waterford Crystal)	(individual jumping)
Olena Olefirenko	Ukraine	Rowing	Ethamivan	(women's quadruple sculls)	[63]
Oleg Perepetchenov	Russia	Weightlifting	Clenbuterol (positive after retest in 2012)	(77 kg)	[72][73]
Duane Ross	United States	Athletics	BALCO investigation		[33]
Leonidas Sampanis	Greece	Weightlifting	Testosterone	(62 kg)	[63]
Thinbaijam Sanamcha Chanu	India	Weightlifting	Furosemide		[63]
Mital Sharipov	Kyrgyzstan	Weightlifting	Furosemide		[63]
Olga Shchukina	Uzbekistan	Athletics	Clenbuterol		[33][63][68]
Şule Şahbaz	Turkey	Weightlifting	Anabolic steroid		[63]
Ekaterini Thanou	Greece	Athletics	Evasion of doping control		[63][68]
Ivan Tsikhan	Belarus	Athletics	Methandienone (positive after retest in 2012)	(men's hammer throw)	[33][65]
Irina Yatchenko	Belarus	Athletics	Methandienone (positive after retest in 2012)	(women's discus throw) December 2012	[33][65]

"Zero Tolerance for Doping" was adopted as an official slogan for the Beijing Olympic Games.^[74] A number of athletes were already eliminated by testing prior to coming to Beijing.^[74]

Out of the 4,500 samples that were collected from participating athletes at the games, six athletes with positive specimens were ousted from the competition. The quality of the original testing was questioned when theBBC reported that samples positive forEPO were labeled as negative by Chinese laboratories in July 2008.^[75] The initial rate of positive findings was lower than at Athens in 2004, but the prevalence of doping had not necessarily decreased; the technology for creating and concealing drugs had become more sophisticated, and a number of drugs could not be detected.^[74][75][76] Chinese crackdowns on doping athletes in 2010 included a two-year ban on 2008 Olympic judo championTong Wen after she tested positive for theclenbuterol.^[77]

In August 2015, the Turkish Athletics Federation confirmed that an in-competition test ofElvan Abeylegesse at the 2007 IAAF World Championshipsin Athletics had been retested and found to be positive for a controlled substance, and that she had been temporarily suspended.^[78] On 29 March 2017, theIAAF confirmed the positive test, announced retroactive disqualifications and voided all of her results from 25 August 2007 until 25 August 2009, including the 2008 Summer Olympics.^[79] As a result, she was stripped of two silver medals she had won in the women's 5,000 and 10,000 meter races.

In May 2016, following theRussian doping scandal, the IOC announced that 32 targeted retests had come back positive for performance-enhancing drugs, of whichRussian News Agency TASS announced that 14 were from Russian athletes, 11 of them track and field athletes, including 2012 Olympic champion high jumperAnna Chicherova. Authorities have sent the B-samples for confirmation testing. Those confirmed as having taken doping agents stand to lose records and medals from the 2008 games to 2016 under IOC and WADA rules.^[80]

On 18 June 2016, theIWF reported that as a consequence of the IOC's reanalyses of samples from the 2008 Olympic Games, the samples of the following seven weightlifters had returned positive results:Hripsime Khurshudyan (Armenia),Intigam Zairov (Azerbaijan),Alexandru Dudoglo (Moldova), gold medalistIlya Ilyin (Kazakhstan), bronze medalistNadezda Evstyukhina and silver medalistMarina Shainova (both from Russia), andNurcan Taylan (Turkey). In line with the relevant rules and regulations, the IWF imposed mandatory provisional suspensions upon the athletes. Zairov and Ilyin had been serving previous suspensions.^[81] In November 2016, Ilyin was stripped of the gold medal.^[82]

On 22 July 2016,Sibel Özkan (TUR) was disqualified due to an anti-doping rule violation and stripped of her silver medal.^[83] Medals have not been reallocated as yet.

On 28 July 2016, it was announced that retests of samples from the 2008 Summer Olympics detected a positive sample for performance-enhancing drugs fromAksana Miankova of Belarus, who won a gold medal in thewomen's hammer throw.^[84][85] There have been no decisions about stripping and reallocation of medals as yet.

On 16 August 2016, the Russianwomen's 4 × 100 metres relay team was disqualified for doping. Russian teammates were stripped of their gold Olympic medals, asYuliya Chermoshanskaya had her samples reanalyzed and tested positive for two prohibited substances.^[86] The IAAF was requested to modify the results accordingly and to consider any further action within its own competence.^[87]

On 19 August 2016, the Russianwomen's 4 × 400 metres relay team was disqualified for doping.^[88] Russian teammates were stripped of their silver Olympic medals, asAnastasiya Kapachinskaya had her samples reanalyzed and tested positive for the same two prohibited substances as Chermoshanskaya.^[89]

On 24 August 2016, theIWF reported that as a consequence of the IOC's reanalyses of samples from the 2008 Olympic Games, the samples of the following athletes had returned positive results:Nizami Pashayev (Azerbaijan),Iryna Kulesha,Nastassia Novikava,Andrei Rybakou (all from Belarus),Cao Lei,Chen Xiexia,Liu Chunhong (all from China),Mariya Grabovetskaya,Maya Maneza,Irina Nekrassova,Vladimir Sedov (all from Kazakhstan),Khadzhimurat Akkaev,Dmitry Lapikov (both from Russia), andNatalya Davydova andOlha Korobka (both from Ukraine). In line with the relevant rules and regulations, the IWF imposed mandatory provisional suspensions upon the athletes, who remain provisionally suspended in view of potential anti-doping rule violations until their cases are closed.^[90]

On 29 August 2016, some non-official reports indicated thatArtur Taymazov of Uzbekistan had been stripped of the 2008 Olympic gold medal in thefreestyle wrestling 120 kg event due to a positive test for doping.^[91]

On 31 August 2016, the IOC disqualified six sportspeople for failing doping tests at the 2008 Games. They included three Russian medalists: weightliftersNadezhda Evstyukhina (bronze medal in thewomen's 75 kg event),Marina Shainova (silver medal in thewomen's 58 kg event), andTatyana Firova, who finished second with teammates in the4 × 400 m relay. Bronze medal weightlifterTigran Martirosyan of Armenia (men's 69 kg event) and fellow weightliftersAlexandru Dudoglo (9th place) of Moldova andIntigam Zairov (9th place) of Azerbaijan were also disqualified.^[92]

On 1 September 2016, the IOC disqualified a further two athletes. Cuban discus throwerYarelys Barrios, who won a silver medal in the women's discus, was disqualified after testing positive forAcetazolamide and ordered to return her medal. Qatari sprinterSamuel Francis, who finished 16th in the 100 meters, was also disqualified after testing positive forStanozolol.^[93]

On 13 September 2016, four more Russian athletes were disqualified for doping offenses. Two of those were medalists from the 2008 Summer Olympics: silver medalistMariya Abakumova in thewomen's javelin throw andDenis Alekseyev, who was part of the bronze medal team in themen's 4 × 400 m relay.Inga Abitova, who finished 6th in the10,000 meters, and cyclistEkaterina Gnidenko also tested positive for a banned substance and were disqualified.^[94]

On 23 September 2016, some non-official reports indicate wrestlerVasyl Fedoryshyn of Ukraine has been stripped of the 2008 Olympic silver medal in thefreestyle 60 kg event due to a positive test for doping.^[95]

On 6 October 2016, the IOC disqualifiedAnna Chicherova of the Russian Federation for testing positive for performance-enhancing drugs. She won a bronze medal in the women's high jump. Russia would likely keep the bronze medal, as the fourth-place athlete in the competition was also from Russia.^[96] Through 6 October 2016, the IOC has reported Adverse Analytical Findings for 25 weightlifters from its 2016 retests of samples from the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, all but three of whom tested positive for anabolic agents (three Chinese weightlifters were positive for growth hormones).^[97]

On 26 October 2016, the IOC disqualified nine more athletes for failing drugs tests at the 2008 Games. Among them were six medal winners: weightliftersAndrei Rybakou andNastassia Novikava, both from Belarus, andOlha Korobka of Ukraine; women's steeplechase bronze medalistEkaterina Volkova of Russia; and freestyle wrestlersSoslan Tigiev of Uzbekistan andTaimuraz Tigiyev of Kazakhstan. The others were men's 62 kg weightlifterSardar Hasanov of Azerbaijan, long jumperWilfredo Martinez of Cuba, and 100m-hurdlerJosephine Nnkiruka Onyia of Spain.^[98]

On 17 November 2016, the IOC disqualified 16 more athletes for failing drugs tests at the 2008 games. Among them were 10 medal winners: weightliftersKhadzhimurat Akkaev andDmitry Lapikov and wrestlerKhasan Baroev from the Russian Federation, weightliftersMariya Grabovetskaya,Irina Nekrassova and wrestlerAsset Mambetov from Kazakhstan, weightlifterNataliya Davydova and pole vaulterDenys Yurchenko from Ukraine, long/triple jumperHrysopiyí Devetzí of Greece and wrestlerVitaliy Rahimov of Azerbaijan. The others were women's 75 kg weightlifterIryna Kulesha of Belarus, women's +63 kg weightlifterMaya Maneza of Kazakhstan, women's high jumperVita Palamar of Ukraine, men's 94 kg weightlifterNizami Pashayev of Azerbaijan, men's 85 kg weightlifterVladimir Sedov of Kazakhstan, and women's high jumperElena Slesarenko of the Russian Federation.^[99]

On 25 November 2016, the IOC disqualified 5 more athletes for failing drugs tests at the 2008 games. Among them were 3 medal winners: gold-medalists 94 kg weightlifterIlya Ilin of Kazakhstan and hammer throwerAksana Miankova of Belarus and silver-medalist shot putterNatallia Mikhnevich of Belarus. The others were shot putterPavel Lyzhyn and 800m runnerSviatlana Usovich, both of Belarus.^[100]

On 12 January 2017, the IOC disqualified five more athletes for failing drug tests at the 2008 Games. These included three Chinese women's weightlifting gold medalists:Lei Cao (75 kg),Xiexia Chen (48 kg) andChunhong Liu (69 kg). Two women athletes from Belarus were disqualified: bronze medalist shot putterNadzeya Ostapchuk and hammer throwerDarya Pchelnik, who did not medal.^[101]

On 25 January 2017, the IOC stripped Jamaica of the athletics gold medal in the men's 4 × 100 m relay due toNesta Carter testing positive for the prohibited substancemethylhexaneamine.^{[102][103][104]} The IOC also stripped Russian jumperTatyana Lebedeva of two silver medals in women's triple jump and long jump due to use ofturinabol.^[102]

On 1 March 2017, the IOC disqualifiedVictoria Tereshchuk of Ukraine due to use ofturinabol and stripped her of the bronze medal inmodern pentathlon.^[105]

By April 2017, the 2008 Summer Olympics has had the most (50)Olympic medals stripped for doping violations. Russia is the leading country with 14 medals stripped.

Name	Country	Sport	Banned substance	Medals	Details
Elvan Abeylegesse	Turkey	Athletics 5000 Metres 10,000 metres		(5,000 meters) (10,000 meters)	disqualification following post-event testing for 2007 IAAF World Championships[79]
Christian Ahlmann	Germany	Equestrian Individual jumping Team jumping	Capsaicin
Bernardo Alves	Brazil	Equestrian Individual jumping Team jumping	Capsaicin
Lyudmila Blonska	Ukraine	Athletics Heptathlon	Methyltestosterone	(heptathlon)	IOC post-event testing[33][106]
Tony André Hansen	Norway	Equestrian Individual jumping Team jumping	Capsaicin	(team jumping)
Alissa Kallinikou	Cyprus	Athletics 400 metres	Testosterone		In competition test in July 2008[33][107]
Kim Jong-su	North Korea	Shooting 10 m air pistol 50 m pistol	Propranolol	(men's 10 m air pistol), (50 m pistol)
Courtney King	United States	Equestrian Individual dressage Team dressage	Felbinac
Denis Lynch	Ireland	Equestrian Individual jumping	Capsaicin
Andrei Mikhnevich	Belarus	Athletics Shot put	Retest of sample from 2005 WCh:Clenbuterol,Methandienone andOxandrolone	(men's shot put)	IAAF retest of sample from the 2005 IAAF World Championships. All results from August 2005 onwards annulled.[33][108][109]
Tezdzhan Naimova	Bulgaria	Athletics 100 metres	Tampering with doping control		IAAF out-of-competition test in June 2008.[33][107]
Rodrigo Pessoa	Brazil	Equestrian Individual jumping Team jumping	Nonivamide
Igor Razoronov	Ukraine	Weightlifting 105 kg	Nandrolone		[110]
Adam Seroczyński	Poland	Canoeing K-2 1000 metres	Clenbuterol
Do Thi Ngan Thuong	Vietnam	Gymnastics Artistic qualification	Furosemide
Vanja Perisic	Croatia	Athletics 800 Metres	CERA		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2009[33][111]
Rashid Ramzi	Bahrain	Athletics 1500 Metres	CERA		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2009[33][111]
Davide Rebellin	Italy	Cycling Road Race	CERA		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2009[111]
Stefan Schumacher	Germany	Cycling Time Trial	CERA		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2009[111]
Athanasia Tsoumeleka	Greece	Athletics 20 Kilometre Walk	CERA		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2009[33][111]
Yuliya Chermoshanskaya	Russia	Athletics 200 Metres 4 × 100 Metres Relay	Stanozolol &Turinabol	(4x100 metre relay)	IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[112]
Tatyana Firova	Russia	Athletics 400 Metres 4 × 400 Metres Relay	Turinabol &Metabolite of 1-Testosterone, 1-Androstenedione or 1-Androstenediol	(4×400 metre relay)	IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[92]
Anastasia Kapachinskaya	Russia	Athletics 400 Metres 4 × 400 Metres Relay	Stanozolol &Turinabol	(4x400 metre relay)	IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[113]
Hripsime Khurshudyan	Armenia	Weightlifting 75 kg	Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[114]
Tigran Gevorg Martirosyan	Armenia	Weightlifting 69 kg	Stanozolol &Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[92]
Samuel Adelebari Francis	Qatar	Athletics 100 Metres 200 Metres	Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[115]
Nadezhda Evstyukhina	Russia	Weightlifting 75 kg	Turinabol &EPO		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[92]
Alexander Pogorelov	Russia	Athletics Decathlon	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[113]
Marina Shainova	Russia	Weightlifting 58 kg	Stanozolol andTurinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[92]
Alexandru Dudoglo	Moldova	Weightlifting 69 kg	Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[92]
Nurcan Taylan	Turkey	Weightlifting 48 kg	Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[114]
Yarelys Barrios	Cuba	Athletics Discus Throw	Acetazolamide		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[115]
Intigam Zairov	Azerbaijan	Weightlifting 85 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[92]
Ivan Yushkov	Russia	Athletics Shot Put	Stanozolol,Oxandrolone &Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[113]
Sibel Özkan	Turkey	Weightlifting 48 kg	Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[116]
Ilya Ilyin	Kazakhstan	Weightlifting 94 kg	Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[100]
Mariya Abakumova	Russia	Athletics Javelin Throw	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[117]
Inga Abitova	Russia	Athletics 10,000 Metres	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[117]
Denis Alexeev	Russia	Athletics 400 Metres	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[117]
Anna Chicherova	Russia	Athletics High Jump	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[96]
Sardar Hasanov	Azerbaijan	Weightlifting 62 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[98]
Wilfredo Martínez	Cuba	Athletics Long Jump	Acetazolamide		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[98]
Josephine Nnkiruka Onyia	Spain	Athletics 100 Metre Hurdles	Methylhexanamine		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[98]
Soslan Tigiev	Uzbekistan	Wrestling Freestyle 74 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[98]
Ekaterina Volkova	Russia	Athletics 3000 Metre Steeplechase	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[98]
Olha Korobka	Ukraine	Weightlifting +75 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[98]
Nastassia Novikava	Belarus	Weightlifting 53 kg	Turinabol &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[98]
Andrei Rybakou	Belarus	Weightlifting 85 kg	Stanozolol &Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[98]
Taimuraz Tigiyev	Kazakhstan	Wrestling Freestyle 96 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[98]
Khadzhimurat Akkaev	Russia	Weightlifting 94 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Khasan Baroev	Russia	Wrestling Greco-Roman 120 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Nataliya Davydova	Ukraine	Weightlifting 69 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Chrysopigi Devetzi	Greece	Athletics Triple Jump	Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Mariya Grabovetskaya	Kazakhstan	Weightlifting +75 kg	Turinabol,Oxandrolone &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Iryna Kulesha	Belarus	Weightlifting 75 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Dmitry Lapikov	Russia	Weightlifting 105 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Asset Mambetov	Kazakhstan	Wrestling Greco-Roman 96 kg	Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Maya Maneza	Kazakhstan	Weightlifting 63 kg	Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Irina Nekrassova	Kazakhstan	Weightlifting 63 kg	Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Vita Palamar	Ukraine	Athletics High Jump	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Nizami Pashayev	Azerbaijan	Weightlifting 94 kg	Turinabol,Oxandrolone &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Vitaliy Rahimov	Azerbaijan	Wrestling Greco-Roman 60 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Vladimir Sedov	Kazakhstan	Weightlifting 85 kg	Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Elena Slesarenko	Russia	Athletics High Jump	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Denys Yurchenko	Ukraine	Athletics Pole Vault	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[99]
Pavel Lyzhyn	Belarus	Athletics Shot Put	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[100]
Aksana Miankova	Belarus	Athletics Hammer Throw	Turinabol &Oxandrolone		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[100]
Natallia Mikhnevich	Belarus	Athletics Shot Put	Metandienone &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[100]
Sviatlana Vusovich	Belarus	Athletics 800 Metres	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[100]
Nadzeya Ostapchuk	Belarus	Athletics Shot Put	Turinabol &Tamoxifen		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[101]
Darya Pchelnik	Belarus	Athletics Hammer Throw	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[101]
Cao Lei	China	Weightlifting 75 kg	GHRP-2 &Metabolite		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[101]
Chen Xiexia	China	Weightlifting 48 kg	GHRP-2 &Metabolite		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[101]
Liu Chunhong	China	Weightlifting 69 kg	GHRP-2,Metabolite &Sibutramine		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[101]
Nesta Carter	Jamaica	Athletics 4 × 100 Metres Relay	Methylhexanamine		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[118]
Tatyana Lebedeva	Russia	Athletics Triple Jump Long Jump	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[118]
Victoria Tereshchuk	Ukraine	Modern Pentathlon Individual	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[119]
Vasyl Fedoryshyn	Ukraine	Wrestling Freestyle 60 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[120]
Artur Taymazov	Uzbekistan	Wrestling Freestyle 120 kg	Turinabol &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[120]
Tatyana Chernova	Russia	Athletics Heptathlon	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[121]
Denis Alexeev	Russia	Athletics Men's 4 × 400 m relay	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[94]

Athletes who were selected for the Games, but provisionally suspended before competing.

Name	Country	Sport	Banned substance	Details
Marta Bastianelli	Italy	Cycling	Fenfluramine	Testing at the U-23 world championships[122]
Fani Halkia	Greece	Athletics	Methyltrienolone	Pre-Games testing in Japan[123][124][125]
Maria Isabel Moreno	Spain	Cycling	Erythropoietin	Pre-Games testing in Olympic village, Beijing[126]
Tatyana Tomashova	Russia	Athletics		IAAF out-of-competition tests in May and August 2007[127]
Yelena Soboleva	Russia	Athletics		IAAF out-of-competition tests in May and August 2007[127]
Svetlana Cherkasova	Russia	Athletics		IAAF out-of-competition tests in May and August 2007[127]
Yuliya Fomenko	Russia	Athletics		IAAF out-of-competition tests in May and August 2007[127]
Darya Pishchalnikova	Russia	Athletics		IAAF out-of-competition tests in May and August 2007[127]
Gulfiya Khanafeyeva	Russia	Athletics		IAAF out-of-competition tests in May and August 2007[127]
Olga Yegorova	Russia	Athletics		IAAF out-of-competition tests in May and August 2007[127]

It was announced prior to the Summer games that half of all competitors would be tested for drugs, with 150 scientists set to take 6,000 samples between the start of the games and the end of the Paralympic games atGlaxoSmithKline'sNew Frontiers Science Park site inHarlow,Essex.^[128] All medalists would also be tested. The Olympic anti-doping laboratory would test up to 400 samples every day for more than 240 prohibited substances.^[128]

The head of theWorld Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), John Fahey, announced on 24 July that 107 athletes had been sanctioned for doping offences in the six months to 19 June.^[129] The "In-competition" period began on 16 July. During the "In-competition" period Olympic competitors can be tested at any time without notice or in advance.^[130]

British sprinterDwain Chambers, cyclistDavid Millar and shot putterCarl Myerscough^[131] competed in London after theBritish Olympic Association's policy of punishing drug cheats with lifetime bans was overturned by the Court of Arbitration for Sport.^[128]

RussianDarya Pishchalnikova participated in the2012 Olympics and was awarded a silver medal. However, she tested positive for the anabolic steroidoxandrolone in the samples taken in May 2012. In December 2012, she sent an email to WADA containing details on an allegedstate-run doping program in Russia. According toThe New York Times, the email reached three top WADA officials but the agency decided not to open an inquiry and instead sent her email to Russian sports officials.^[132] In April 2013 Pishchalnikova was banned by the Russian Athletics Federation for ten years, and her results from May 2012 were annulled, meaning she was set on track to lose her Olympic medal.^[133] Her ban by the Russian Athletics Federation was likely in retaliation.

Gold medalists at the games who had been involved in previous doping offences includedAlexander Vinokourov, the winner of themen's road race,^[134]Tatyana Lysenko, the winner of thewomen's hammer throw,Aslı Çakır Alptekin winner of thewomen's 1500 meters andSandra Perković, winner of thewomen's discus throw.^[135][136] Other competitors at the Summer games involved in previous doping cases included American athletesJustin Gatlin andLaShawn Merritt,^[137] and Jamaican sprinterYohan Blake.^[138]

Spanish athleteÁngel Mullera was first selected for the 3000 m steeplechase and later removed when emails were published in which he discussedEPO use with a trainer.^[139] Mullera appealed to CAS which ordered the Spanish Olympic Committee to allow him to participate.^[140]

Prior to the Olympic competition, several prominent track and field athletes were ruled out of the competition due to failed tests. World indoor medallistsDimitrios Chondrokoukis,Debbie Dunn, andMariem Alaoui Selsouli were withdrawn from their Olympic teams in July for doping, as was 2004 Olympic medallistZoltán Kővágó.^{[141][142][143]} At the Olympic competition,Tameka Williams admitted to taking a banned stimulant and was removed from the games.^[144]Ivan Tsikhan did not compete in the hammer throw as a retest of his sample from the2004 Athens Olympics, where he won silver, was positive.^[145]Amine Laâlou,^[146]Marina Marghieva,^[147]Diego Palomeque,^[148] and defending 50 km walk championAlex Schwazer were also suspended before taking part in their events.^[149]

Syrian hurdlerGhfran Almouhamad became the first track-and-field athlete to be suspended following a positive in-competition doping sample.^[150]Nadzeya Astapchuk was stripped of the women's shot put title after her sample came back positive for the banned anabolic agentmetenolone.^[151]Karin Melis Mey was withdrawn before the long jump final when an earlier failed doping test was confirmed.^[152]

A WADA report released in 2015 detailed an extensiveRussian state-sponsored doping program implicating athletes, coaches, various Russian institutions, doctors and labs. The report stated that the London Olympic Games "were, in a sense, sabotaged by the admission of athletes who should have not been competing" and detailed incidents of bribery and bogus urine samples. The report recommended that Russia be barred from track and field events for the 2016 Olympics. It also recommended lifetime bans for five coaches and five athletes from the country, including runnersMariya Savinova,Ekaterina Poistogova,Anastasiya Bazdyreva,Kristina Ugarova, andTatjana Myazina.^[153][154]

On 15 June 2016, it was announced that four London 2012 Olympic weightlifting champions had tested positive for performance-enhancing drugs. They include Kazakhstan'sIlya Ilyin (94 kg),Zulfiya Chinshanlo (53 kg),Maiya Maneza (63 kg) andSvetlana Podobedova (75 kg). If confirmed, Kazakhstan would drop from 12th to 23rd in the 2012 medal standings. Six other lifters who competed at the 2012 Games also tested positive after hundreds of samples were reanalysed. Among them are Russia'sApti Aukhadov (silver at 85 kg), Ukraine'sYuliya Kalina (bronze at 58 kg), BelarusianMaryna Shkermankova (bronze at 69 kg), Azerbaijan'sBoyanka Kostova and Belarus duoDzina Sazanavets andYauheni Zharnasek.^[155] On 27 July 2016, IWF has reported in the second wave of re-sampling that three silver medalists from Russia, namelyNatalya Zabolotnaya (at 75 kg),Aleksandr Ivanov (at 94 kg) andSvetlana Tsarukaeva (at 63 kg), together with bronze medalists ArmenianHripsime Khurshudyan (at 75+ kg), BelarusianIryna Kulesha (at 75 kg) and MoldovanCristina Iovu (at 53 kg) have tested positive for steroiddehydrochlormethyltestosterone.^[156] Aukhadov was stripped of his silver medal by the IOC on 18 October 2016.^[157] On 27 October 2016 Maiya Maneza was stripped of her gold medal.^[158] In November 2016, Ilyin was stripped of the London gold medal.^[82]

On 13 July 2016, the IOC announced thatYuliya Kalina of Ukraine had been disqualified from the 2012 Summer Olympics and ordered to return the bronze medal from the58 kg weightlifting event. Reanalysis of Kalina's samples from London 2012 resulted in a positive test for the prohibited substancedehydrochlormethyltestosterone (turinabol).^[159] The positions were adjusted accordingly.^[160]

On 9 August 2016, the IOC announced thatOleksandr Pyatnytsya of Ukraine would be stripped of his silver medal in thejavelin throw after he tested positive for the prohibited substancedehydrochlormethyltestosterone (turinabol).^[161] Redistribution of medals has not yet been announced, but the likely case is the silver and bronze medals will be given to Finland and Czech Republic instead.^[162]

On 20 August 2016, the IOC announced thatYevgeniya Kolodko of Russia would be stripped of her silver medal inshot put after she tested positive of dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (turinabol) andipamorelin.^[163] Medals are not reallocated yet.

On 29 August 2016, a report indicated that a retested sample forBesik Kudukhov of Russia, the silver medalist in themen's 60 kg freestyle wrestling event, had returned a positive result (later disclosed asdehydrochlormethyltestosterone).^[91] Kudakhov died in a car crash in December 2013. On 27 October 2016, the IOC dropped all disciplinary proceedings against Kudukhov, stating that such proceedings cannot be conducted against a deceased person. As a result, it said, Olympic results that would have been reviewed will remain uncorrected, which is the unavoidable consequence of the fact that the proceedings cannot move forward.^[164]

On 13 September 2016, the IWF reported that the men's 94 kg weightlifting bronze medalist, Moldova'sAnatolie Cîrîcu, had tested positive for thedehydrochlormethyltestosterone.^[165]

On 6 October 2016, theIWF reported that as a consequence of the IOC's reanalyses of samples from the 2012 Olympic Games, a sample ofNorayr Vardanyan, who represented Armenia, had returned a positive result. In line with the relevant rules and regulations, the IWF imposed mandatory provisional suspensions upon Vardanyan, who remains provisionally suspended until his case is closed.^[166] On 12 January 2017, the IOC disqualified Vardanyan. Through 6 October 2016, the IOC had reported Adverse Analytical Findings for 23 weightlifters from its 2016 retests of samples from the 2012 London Olympic Games, all of whom tested positive for anabolic agents.^[97]

On 11 October 2016,Tatyana Lysenko of the Russian Federation was disqualified from thewomen's hammer throw, in which she won the gold medal. She had tested positive for a banned substance. The IOC requested theIAAF to modify the results of this event accordingly. The silver medalistAnita Włodarczyk of Poland would likely take the gold medal in her place.^[167]

On 18 October 2016, the IOC disqualifiedApti Aukhadov of the Russian Federation for doping and stripped him of the silver medal.^[168] The IOC requested theIWF to modify the results of this event accordingly; it has not yet published modified results.^[160]

On 18 October 2016, theIOC reported thatMaksym Mazuryk of Ukraine, who competed in the Men's Pole Vault event, was disqualified from the 2012 London Games, in which he ranked 18th. Re-analysis of Mazuryk's samples resulted in a positive test fordehydrochlormethyltestosterone.

On 27 October 2016 the IOC disqualified a further eight athletes for failing doping tests at the games. This included four medal winners in weightlifting:Zulfiya Chinshanlo,Maiya Maneza andSvetlana Podobedova, all from Kazakhstan, andMaryna Shkermankova of Belarus. The others were hammer throwerKirill Ikonnikov of Russia, women's 69 kg weightlifterDzina Sazanavets of Belarus, pole vaulterDmitry Starodubtsev of Russia, and men's +105 kg weightlifterYauheni Zharnasek of Belarus.^[158]

On 21 November 2016 the IOC disqualified a further 12 athletes for failing doping tests at the games. This included 6 medal winners in weightlifting, includingAlexandr Ivanov (Russia),Anatoli Ciricu (Moldova),Cristina Iovu (Moldova),Natalya Zabolotnaya (Russia),Iryna Kulesha (Belarus), andHripsime Khurshudyan (Armenia).^[169] Moldova has lost all its 2012 London medals. The others were hammer throwerOleksandr Drygol and long jumperMargaryta Tverdokhlib, both of Ukraine, 85 kg weightlifterRauli Tsirekidze of Georgia, 94 kg weightlifterAlmas Uteshov of Kazakhstan, 94 kg weightlifterAndrey Demanov of Russia and 3000m steeplechaserYuliya Zaripova of Russia, who had previously been sanctioned in March 2016 by theCourt of Arbitration for Sport.

On 25 November 2016, the IOC disqualified 4 more athletes for failing drug tests at the 2012 games. They were gold medalist 94 kg weightlifterIlya Ilin of Kazakhstan, hammer throwerAksana Miankova and long jumperNastassia Mironchyk-Ivanova, both of Belarus, and 58 kg weightlifterBoyanka Kostova of Azerbaijan.^[100]

On 29 November 2016 theCourt of Arbitration for Sport issued a decision that all results achieved by 2012 Olympic heptathlon bronze medalistTatyana Chernova of Russia between 15 August 2011 and 22 July 2013 are annulled. It also annulled all ofYekaterina Sharmina's results between 17 June 2011 and 5 August 2015, including her 33rd-place finish in the 2012 women's 1500m.^[170] CAS ruled that they "have been found to have committed ananti-doping rule violation ... of theInternational Athletic Association Federation (IAAF) Competition Rules after analysis of their Athlete Biological Passports (ABP) showed evidence of blood doping."^[171]

On 12 January 2017, the IOC disqualified three weightlifters for failing drug tests at the 2012 games. Two competed in men's 94 kg weightlifting:Intigam Zairov of Azerbaijan andNorayr Vardanyan of Armenia. Women's 63 kg weightlifterSibel Simsek of Turkey was disqualified. None was a medalist at these games.^[101]

On 1 February 2017, the IOC disqualified three athletes due to failed doping tests, all of whom tested positive for turinabol. Russian women's discus throwerVera Ganeeva, who finished 23rd, Turkish boxerAdem Kilicci, who ranked 5th in men's 69–75 kg boxing, and Russian 400m runnerAntonina Krivoshapka, who finished 6th, were disqualified. Krivoshapka also was part of the Russian silver medal-winningwomen's 4 × 400 m relay team, which was stripped of the silver medals.^[172]

In December 2014, a documentary aired on German TV in which 800m gold medalistMariya Savinova allegedly admitted to using banned substances on camera.^[173] In November 2015, Savinova was one of five Russian runners theWorld Anti-Doping Agency recommended to receive a lifetime ban for doping during the London Olympics, along with 800m bronze medalistEkaterina Poistogova. On 10 February 2017, the Court of Arbitration for Sport upheld a four-year ban that effectively stripped Savinova of her Olympic gold and other medals.^[174] On 7 April 2017, CAS refused to decide on disqualification from 2012, and disqualify Ekaterina Poistogova from 2015.^[175] Thus, Ekaterina Poistogova retained her Olympic 2012 medal atwomen's 800 metres athletic event. In 2024, the Russian Athleteics Federation cancelled Poistogova's results from July 2012 to October 2014 after analysing old samples. Poistogova was then stripped of the Olympic 800m silver medal.^[176] On 6 June 2025, theCourt of Arbitration for Sport dismissed the appeal by Poistogova (now Guliyev), thereby officially revoking her medal.^[177]

As of December 2022, the 2012 Summer Olympics has seen a record 40Olympic medals stripped for doping violations. Russia is the leading country with 17 medals stripped.

On 21 March 2022, theAthletics Integrity Unit ofWorld Athletics issued a two-year ban for Russian racewalkerElena Lashmanova, starting from 9 March 2021, and also disqualified her results from 18 February 2012, to 3 January 2014, thus stripping her gold medal.

Name	Country	Sport	Banned substance	Medals	Details of test
Hussain Al-Hamdah	Saudi Arabia	Athletics 5000 metres	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2013 w/results annulled from 26 March 2009 onwards.[33][178]
Gamze Bulut	Turkey	Athletics 1500 metres	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed in 2017[179]
Mariya Savinova	Russia	Athletics 800 metres	Biological passport abnormalities		CAS confirmed all results annulled from July 2010 to August 2013[180]
Ghfran Almouhamad	Syria	Athletics 400 metres hurdles	Methylhexaneamine		IOC pre-competition testing at2012 Summer Olympics[33][181]
Elena Arzhakova	Russia	Athletics 800 metres	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2013 w/results annulled from 12 July 2011 onwards.[33][182][183]
Sergey Bakulin	Russia	Athletics 50 km race walk	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF/CAS sanction imposed 2016 w/results annulled from 25 February 2011 to 24 December 2012.[184][185]
Andrey Krivov	Russia	Athletics 20 km race walk	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF/CAS sanction imposed 2017 w/ results annulled from 20 May 2011 to 6 July 2013[186]
Valeriy Borchin	Russia	Athletics 20 km race walk	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF/CAS sanction imposed 2016 w/results annulled from 14 August 2009 to 15 October 2012.[184][185]
Abderrahime Bouramdane	Morocco	Athletics Marathon	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2015 w/results annulled from 14 April 2011 onwards.[184][187]
Yolanda Caballero	Colombia	Athletics Marathon	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2014 w/results annulled from 24 October 2011 onwards.[184][187]
Aslı Çakır-Alptekin	Turkey	Athletics 1500 metres	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF/CAS sanction imposed 2015 w/results annulled from 29 July 2010 onwards.[188][189]
Yekaterina Sharmina	Russia	Athletics 1500 metres	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF/CAS sanction imposed 2016 w/ results annulled from 17 June 2011 to 5 August 2015[190]
Nicholas Delpopolo	United States	Judo 73 kg	Cannabis		IOC post-event testing at 2012 Summer Olympics.[191]
Bahar Doğan	Turkey	Athletics Marathon	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2015 w/results annulled from 3 June 2011 onwards.[184][187]
Marta Domínguez	Spain	Athletics Steeplechase	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF/CAS sanction imposed 2015 w/results annulled from 5 August 2009 onwards.[184][192]
Hamza Driouch	Qatar	Athletics 1500 metres	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2015 w/results annulled from 2 August 2012 onwards.[33][193][194]
Tyson Gay	United States	Athletics 100 metres 4 × 100 meters	Anabolic androgenic steroids	(4 × 100 meters)	USADA investigation after positive for anabolic androgenic steroids in 2013; admittance.[33][195][196][197]
Yelizaveta Grechishnikova	Russia	Athletics 10,000 metres	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2013 w/results annulled from 18 August 2009 onwards.[33][183][198]
Semoy Hackett	Trinidad and Tobago	Athletics 100 metres 200 metres 4 × 100 metres relay	Methylhexaneamine		Positive from Division I Outdoor Track & Field Championships in June 2012[33][199][200]
Tetyana Hamera-Shmyrko	Ukraine	Athletics Marathon	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2015 w/results annulled from 26 August 2011 onwards.[184][187]
Hassan Hirt	France	Athletics 5000 metres	EPO		IOC pre-Games testing.[33][201]
Vladimir Kanaikin	Russia	Athletics 20 km race walk	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF/CAS sanction imposed 2016 w/results annulled from 25 February 2011 to 17 December 2012.[184][185]
Olga Kaniskina	Russia	Athletics 20 km race walk	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF/CAS sanction imposed 2016 w/results annulled from 15 August 2009 to 15 October 2012.[184][185]
Natallia Kareiva	Belarus	Athletics 1500 metres	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2014 w/results annulled from 28 July 2010 onwards.[33][183][202][203]
Ümmü Kiraz	Turkey	Athletics Marathon	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2015 w/results annulled from 3 June 2011 onwards.[184][187]
Sergey Kirdyapkin	Russia	Athletics 50 km race walk	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF/CAS sanction imposed 2016 w/results annulled from 20 August 2009 to 15 October 2012.[184][185]
Blaža Klemenčič	Slovenia	Cycling MTB	EPO		UCI reanalysis of sample from 27 March 2012 in 2015. All results annulled from 27 March 2012 until 31 December 2012.[204]
Yekaterina Kostetskaya	Russia	Athletics 1500 metres	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2014 w/results annulled from 30 August 2011 onwards.[33][205][206]
Zalina Marghieva	Moldova	Athletics Hammer throw	2009 WCh retest:Stanozolol,Oral Turinabol		IAAF retesting of samples from 2009 IAAF World Championships[33][207]
Karin Melis Mey	Turkey	Athletics Long jump	Testosterone		Positive from the 2012 European Athletics Championships in June.[33][207] Provisionally suspended after the qualifying round at the Games.
Andrei Mikhnevich	Belarus	Athletics Shot put	2005 WCh retest: Clenbuterol, Methandienone and Oxandrolone		IAAF retest of sample from the 2005 IAAF World Championships. All results from August 2005 onwards annulled.[33][108]
Anna Mishchenko	Ukraine	Athletics 1500 m	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2015 w/results annulled from 28 June 2012 onwards.[184][187]
Andriy Semenov	Ukraine	Athletics Shot put	Re-analysis of sample taken in 2011		AIU sanction imposed 2019[208]
Semiha Mutlu	Turkey	Athletics 20 km race walk	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2015 w/results annulled from 20 August 2011 onwards.[184][187]
Nadzeya Ostapchuk	Belarus	Athletics Shot put	Methenolone		IOC post-event testing at2012 Summer Olympics (two separate positive samples).[33][209]
Darya Pishchalnikova	Russia	Athletics Discus throw	Oxandrolone		Random out of competition test in May 2012. All her results (Including those at the 2012 Summer Olympics) since May 2012 were annulled by theIAAF in April 2013.[33][210]
Hysen Pulaku	Albania	Weightlifting 77 kg	Stanozolol		IOC pre-competition testing at2012 Summer Olympics.[211]
Meliz Redif	Turkey	Athletics 4 x 400 metres	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2015 w/results annulled from 26 June 2012 onwards.[184][187]
Pınar Saka	Turkey	Athletics 400 metres 4 x 400 metres	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2014 w/results annulled from 18 June 2010 onwards.[33][183][212]
Mohammed Shaween	Saudi Arabia	Athletics 1500 metres	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2014 w/results annulled from 12 June 2011 onwards.[33][205][206]
Anzhelika Shevchenko	Ukraine	Athletics 1500 metres	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2013 w/results annulled from 2 July 2011 onwards.[33][183]
Liliya Shobukhova	Russia	Athletics Marathon	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2015 w/results annulled from 9 October 2009 onwards.[213][214]
Svitlana Shmidt	Ukraine	Athletics Steeplechase	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2015 w/results annulled from 8 March 2012 onwards.[33][215][216][217]
Soslan Tigiev	Uzbekistan	Wrestling Freestyle 74 kg	Methylhexaneamine		IOC post-event testing at 2012 Summer Olympics.[218]
Binnaz Uslu	Turkey	Athletics Steplechase	2011 WCh retest:Stanozolol		IAAF retest of sample from 2011 World Championships[33][207][219]
Wang Jiali	China	Athletics Marathon	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2014 w/results annulled from 29 May 2012 onwards.[33][220]
Nevin Yanit	Turkey	Athletics 100 metres hurdles	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF/CAS sanction imposed 2015 w/results annulled from 28 June 2012 onwards.[33][221][222][223]
Igor Yerokhin	Russia	Athletics 50 km walk	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2013 w/results annulled from 25 February 2011 onwards.[33][224]
Lyudmyla Yosypenko	Ukraine	Athletics Heptathlon	Biological passport abnormalities		IAAF sanction imposed 2013 w/results annulled from 25 August 2011 onwards.[33][207]
Dilshod Nazarov	Tajikistan	Athletics Hammer Throw	Turinabol		AIU sanction imposed 2021 w/results annulled from 29 August 2011 to 29 August 2013[225]
Olga Beresnyeva	Ukraine	Swimming Open water	EPO		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2015[226][227]
Yuliya Kalina	Ukraine	Weightlifting 58 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016.[228]
Pavel Kryvitski	Belarus	Athletics Hammer throw	Turinabol &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[114]
Oleksandr Pyatnytsya	Ukraine	Athletics Javelin throw	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[114]
Yuliya Zaripova	Russia	Athletics 3000 Metres Steeplechase	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[229]
Maiya Maneza	Kazakhstan	Weightlifting 63 kg	Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[158]
Zulfiya Chinshanlo	Kazakhstan	Weightlifting 53 kg	Stanozolol &Oxandrolone		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[158]
Svetlana Podobedova	Kazakhstan	Weightlifting 75 kg	Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[158]
Yevgeniya Kolodko	Russia	Athletics Shot Put	Turinabol &Ipamorelin		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[163]
Ekaterina Gnidenko	Russia	Cycling Keirin	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[94]
Tatyana Lysenko	Russia	Athletics Hammer Throw	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[167]
Apti Aukhadov	Russia	Weightlifting 85 kg	Turinabol &Drostanolone		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[157]
Maksym Mazuryk	Ukraine	Athletics Pole Vault	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[157]
Kirill Ikonnikov	Russia	Athletics Hammer Throw	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[158]
Dzina Sazanavets	Belarus	Weightlifting 69 kg	Drostanolone &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[158]
Maryna Shkermankova	Belarus	Weightlifting 69 kg	Turinabol &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[158]
Dmitry Starodubtsev	Russia	Athletics Pole Vault	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[158]
Yauheni Zharnasek	Belarus	Weightlifting +105 kg	Turinabol,Oxandrolone &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[158]
Ruslan Albegov	Russia	Weightlifting +105 kg	prohibited substance or method		IWF charged in 2017 for use or attempted use of a prohibited substance or method.[230] The IWF suspended Albegov in 2020. He had been the only Russian male weightlifter still in possession of a medal from London 2012.
Irakli Turmanidze	Georgia	Weightlifting +105 kg	one or multiple anabolic steroids		ITA re-analysis of sample announced in 2021[231]
Besik Kudukhov	Russia	Wrestling Freestyle 60 kg	Turinabol	(medal retained due to athlete's death in December 2013)	IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[158]
Andrey Demanov	Russia	Weightlifting 94 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[229]
Oleksandr Drygol	Ukraine	Athletics Hammer Throw	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[229]
Cristina Iovu	Moldova	Weightlifting 53 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[229]
Aleksandr Ivanov	Russia	Weightlifting 94 kg	Turinabol &Tamoxifen		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[229]
Hripsime Khurshudyan	Armenia	Weightlifting +75 kg	Turinabol &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[229]
Iryna Kulesha	Belarus	Weightlifting 75 kg	Turinabol &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[229]
Rauli Tsirekidze	Georgia	Weightlifting 85 kg	Turinabol &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[229]
Marharyta Tverdokhlib	Ukraine	Athletics Long Jump	Turinabol &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[229]
Almas Uteshov	Kazakhstan	Weightlifting 94 kg	Turinabol &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[229]
Natalya Zabolotnaya	Russia	Weightlifting 75 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[229]
Anatolie Cîrîcu	Moldova	Weightlifting 94 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[229]
Ilya Ilyin	Kazakhstan	Weightlifting 94 kg	Turinabol &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[100]
Aksana Miankova	Belarus	Athletics Hammer Throw	Turinabol &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[100]
Nastassia Mironchyk-Ivanova	Belarus	Athletics Long Jump	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[100]
Boyanka Kostova	Azerbaijan	Weightlifting 58 kg	Turinabol &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2016[100]
Sibel Simsek	Turkey	Weightlifting 63 kg	Turinabol &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[101]
Intigam Zairov	Azerbaijan	Weightlifting 94 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[101]
Norayr Vardanyan	Armenia	Weightlifting 94 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[101]
Vera Ganeeva	Russia	Athletics Discus Throw	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[232]
Adem Kilicci	Turkey	Boxing Middleweight	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[232]
Antonina Krivoshapka	Russia	Athletics 400 Metres 4 x 400 Metres Relay	Turinabol	(4 x 400 metres)	IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[232]
Mariya Bespalova	Russia	Athletics Hammer Throw	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[233]
Khadzhimurat Akkaev	Russia	Weightlifting 105 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[233] Akkaev andDmitry Klokov were on the start list but did not compete.[234]
Gulfiya Khanafeyeva	Russia	Athletics Hammer Throw	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[233]
Victoria Valyukevich	Russia	Athletics Triple Jump	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[233]
Svetlana Tsarukaeva	Russia	Weightlifting 63 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[120]
Maksim Dyldin	Russia	Athletics 400 Metres 4 x 400 Metres Relay	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[121]
Tatyana Chernova	Russia	Athletics Heptathlon	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[235]
Anna Nazarova	Russia	Athletics Long Jump	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[236]
Yulia Gushchina	Russia	Athletics 400 Metres 4 x 400 Metres Relay	Turinabol &Stanozolol	(4 x 400 metres)	IOC re-analysis of sample in 2017[236]
Davit Modzmanashvili	Georgia	Wrestling Freestyle 120 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2019[237]
Valentin Hristov	Azerbaijan	Weightlifting 56 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2019[238]
Alena Matoshka	Belarus	Athletics Hammer Throw	Oxandrolone		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2019[238]
Anis Ananenka	Belarus	Athletics 800 Metres	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2019[238]
Meline Daluzyan	Armenia	Weightlifting 69 kg	Turinabol &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2019[239]
Ineta Radēviča	Latvia	Athletics Long Jump	Oxandrolone		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2019[239]
Florin Croitoru	Romania	Weightlifting 56 kg	Turinabol,Metenolone &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2019[240]
Jevgenij Shuklin	Lithuania	Canoeing C-1 200 Metres	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2019[241]
Artur Taymazov	Uzbekistan	Wrestling Freestyle 120 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2019[242]
Oleksiy Torokhtiy	Ukraine	Weightlifting 105 kg	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2019[243]
Klodiana Shala	Albania	Athletics 200 Metres	Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2020[244]
Gülcan Mıngır	Turkey	Athletics 3000 Metres Steeplechase	Turinabol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2020[245]
Mete Binay	Turkey	Weightlifting 69 kg	Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2020[246]
Erol Bilgin	Turkey	Weightlifting 62 kg	Turinabol &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2020[247]
Răzvan Martin	Romania	Weightlifting 69 kg	Turinabol,Metenolone &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2020[248]
Roxana Cocoș	Romania	Weightlifting 69 kg	Metenolone &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2020[248]
Gabriel Sincraian	Romania	Weightlifting 85 kg	Metenolone &Stanozolol		IOC re-analysis of sample in 2020[248]
Tatyana Firova	Russia	Athletics 4 x 400 Metres Relay			CAS decision imposed in 2019[249]
Svetlana Shkolina	Russia	Athletics High Jump			CAS decision imposed in 2019[249]
Ivan Ukhov	Russia	Athletics High Jump			CAS decision imposed in 2019[249]
Lyukman Adams	Russia	Athletics Triple Jump			CAS decision imposed in 2019[249]
Yekaterina Galitskaya	Russia	Athletics 100 Metres Hurdles			CAS decision imposed in 2019[249]
Yuliya Kondakova	Russia	Athletics 100 Metres Hurdles			CAS decision imposed in 2019[249]
Ruslan Nurudinov	Uzbekistan	Weightlifting 105 kg	Turinabol		CAS decision imposed in 2019[250]
Mikalai Novikau	Belarus	Weightlifting 85 kg	Turinabol &Stanozolol		CAS decision imposed in 2019[250]
Elena Lashmanova	Russia	Athletics 20 km race walk			AIU decision imposed in 2022[251]
Irina Tarasova	Russia	Athletics Shot Put			AIU decision imposed in 2022[252]
Natalya Antyukh	Russia	Athletics Women's 400 m hurdles			AIU decision imposed in 2022[253]
Yelena Churakova	Russia	Athletics Women's 400 m hurdles			AIU decision imposed in 2022[254]
Ekaterina Poistogova	Russia	Athletics Women's 800 metres	dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA),androstenedione andboldenone[177]	later upgraded to	AIU decision imposed in 2024, following investigation into Moscow testing facilityLIMS[255]