TheUniversity of Michigan Executive System, orUMES, abatchoperating system developed at theUniversity of Michigan in 1958, was widely used at many universities. Based on theGeneral Motors Executive System for theIBM 701, UMES was revised to work on the mainframe computers in use at the University of Michigan during this time (IBM 704,709, and7090) and to work better for the small student jobs that were expected to be the primary work load at the university.

UMES was in use at the University of Michigan until 1967, whenMTS was phased in to take advantage of the newervirtual memorytime-sharing technology that became available on theIBM System/360 Model 67.

• FORTRAN
• MAD (programming language)

• Timeline of operating systems
• History of IBM mainframe operating systems
• FORTRAN Monitor System
• Bell Operating System (BESYS) or Bell Monitor (BELLMON)
• SHARE Operating System (SOS)
• IBM 7090/94 IBSYS
• Compatible Time-Sharing System (CTSS)
• Michigan Terminal System (MTS)
• Hardware:IBM 701, IBM 704, IBM 709, IBM 7090

• University of Michigan Executive System for the IBM 7090 Computer, volumes 1 (General, Utilities, Internal Organization), 2 (Translators), and 3 (Subroutine Libraries), Computing Center, University of Michigan, September 1965, 1050 pp.
• George Gray (March 1993)."EXEC II".Unisys History Newsletter.1 (3). Archived fromthe original on August 9, 2017.
• The IBM 7094 and CTSS, Tom Van Vleck
• University of Michigan Executive System (UMES) subseries, Computing Center publications, 1965–1999, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
• "A Markovian model of the University of Michigan Executive System", James D. Foey,Communications of the ACM, 1967, No.6

• Discontinued operating systems
• University of Michigan
• 1958 software
• IBM mainframe operating systems

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