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TheUnited States has supportedUkraine during the ongoingRusso-Ukrainian war. TheRussian invasion of Ukraine, which began on February 24, 2022, was condemned by theBiden administration, which providedmilitary, financial, andhumanitarian aid to Ukraine, and imposedsanctions againstRussia andBelarus.[1][2] However, thesecond Trump administration since 2025 has proposed a peace deal and increasingly sought to distance itself from financially supporting Ukrainian resistance.[3]
The United States has provided around half of all military aid to Ukraine.[4] Between January 2022 to December 2024, according to theKiel Institute, The US has spent $119.7 billion on activities related to the Russian invasion,[5] and on other activities including supporting increased US–European presence, Ukrainian refugees in the US, and global food insecurity.[6] According to theCouncil on Foreign Relations, by the end of September 2024 the United States had allocated $175 billion, related to the invasion of Russia, $106 billion of which went into direct aid to Ukraine, whilst $69 billion remained in the US economy to support US industries.[7][8]
There are several ways by which the US provides military and financial aid to Ukraine. Most of the military aid is old American weaponry and equipment from USreserve stockpiles; Presidential Drawdown Authority (PDA) allows the president to order the sending of this weaponry. American military contractors are then funded to make weapons to re-fill stockpiles.[8] TheUkraine Security Assistance Initiative (USAI) funds the US Department of Defense to help train and advise the Ukrainian military, as well as to procure weaponry and equipment.[8] The State Department'sForeign Military Financing (FMF) program helps allies like Ukraine buy weaponry and equipment from American manufacturers.[8] Lastly, the US also sent some direct financial aid to the Ukrainian government through theUnited States Agency for International Development (USAID).[8]
The Biden administration also imposed limits on the supply and use of some American weapons. For more than two years, it forbade Ukraine to fire American weapons, like theArmy Tactical Missile System (ATACMS), at military targets inside Russia.[8] From June 2024, it allowed Ukraine to strike inside Russia with US-supplied weapons, but only near the border in self-defense.[9] On March 3, 2025, following disagreements during the2025 Trump–Zelenskyy meeting, the second Trump administration paused all military aid to Ukraine.[10] However, on March 11, 2025, U.S. military aid to Ukraine resumed after Ukraine agreed to a potential ceasefire.[11]
The Biden administration got information on a potential Russian invasion as early as March 2021, at the time of large Russian military exercises.[citation needed] The US attempted to deter Russia from invading by proposing US – Russia summit, and meeting with Russian officials in November 2021 and January 2022. The efforts failed.[12]
Since the start of the Russian invasion in 2022, US President Joe Biden has articulated a cautious US strategy towards the war. The goals were to mitigate the risk of escalation into a direct US-Russia confrontation while hindering Russia's military success. The Biden administration emphasized sustained support "for as long as it takes" to assist Ukraine's defense efforts. However, these are coupled with a focus on avoiding actions that could be construed as provocative by Russia and potentially leading to a wider war.[12]
This cautious approach prioritizes limiting US risks of getting militarily involved while leaving the primary burden of repelling the invasion on Ukraine.Political scientistKori Schake characterizes this strategy as exhibiting a "vulnerability of US support", arguing that the self-imposed limitations on US assistance, compared to Russia's aggression not limited by any boundaries, create a significant strategic advantage for Russia.[12]
While this US strategy has been static for 2 years of war, the situation on the battlefield was changing with time. Eventually, static US strategy encountered its limitations. As the war enters its third year (as of April 2024), the battlefield situation evolved towards a stalemate and towards increased concerns that a persistent and determined Russian offensive could ultimately achieve its objectives.[12]
In May 2023, Russia's Security Council SecretaryNikolai Patrushev accused the United States of involvement in Ukrainian attacks inside Russia.[13]
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The Biden administration reportedly told Ukraine to stop attackingoil refineries in Russia, believing it would raise world energy prices and bring more aggressive Russian retaliation.[14] The US also expressed concern at a Ukrainian drone strike against a Russian nuclearearly-warning radar, believing that it could dangerously unsettle the Russian government.[15]
In May 2024, Biden gave Ukraine permission tostrike targets inside Russia adjacent to theKharkiv region of Ukraine using American-supplied weapons.[16] On August 9, 2024, U.S.-suppliedHIMARS rocket systemdestroyed a convoy of Russian troops in theKursk Oblast of Russia in what Russian milbloggers described as one of the bloodiest attacks of the entire war.[17][18]
In September 2024, Russian presidentVladimir Putin threatened retaliation for attacks on Russian territory with weapons supplied by the United States and its NATO allies.[19][20] U.S. officials did not believe that Ukraine had enough ATACMS and BritishStorm Shadow missiles to alter the course of the war, according toThe New York Times.[21] On November 17, 2024, the Biden administration authorized the use of long-rangeATACMS missiles for military targets inside mainland Russia.[22][23]
After the start of Russian invasion, US president Joe Biden has committed to aid Ukraine for "as long as it takes". However US strategy's goals, aiding Ukraine and at the same time preventing Russian escalation, were contradicting each other. This contradiction "produced a repetitive cycle of Ukraine pleading for systems Washington denied, allies (particularly the United Kingdom) moving forward without the United States, the Biden administration bowing to public criticism and international pressure and slowly relenting, providing the systems months and even years later than when they would have been most effective".[12] US military aid, perhistorianPhillips O'Brien, were "systems of limited range and defensive purpose". The delay in delivering weapons and ammunition resulted in Russian construction ofdefenses in late 2022 and early 2023.[12]
In 2022, Congress approved more than $112 billion to help Ukraine defend itself from Russia. At the end of 2023, theBiden administration requested $61.4 billion more for Ukraine for the year ahead.[24] On April 20, 2024, the U.S. House of Representatives approved a $95 billion aid package to Ukraine, Israel and Taiwan.[25] President Biden said theU.S. military would not fightRussia in Ukraine, but would defend every inch of NATO territory.[26] On March 16, President Biden announced an additional $800 million in security assistance to Ukraine, bringing the total U.S. security assistance committed to Ukraine to $2 billion since the start of his Administration.[27]
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On February 26, US Secretary of StateAntony Blinken stated that Ukraine would be provided with an additional $350 million in military aid to strengthen their defense capabilities.[28] TheUnited States Agency for International Development, along withUnited Nations agencies, provided relief supplies to the Ukrainian people, such as surgery and medical kits, emergency food, thermal blankets and sanitation supplies. The agency provided a total of $107 million in humanitarian aid.[29]
On March 25, 2022, President Biden visitedPoland near the border with Ukraine. Biden expressed his appreciation for the courage and tenacity of the Ukrainian people, and likened the Ukrainian people's resistance to Russia to the1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre.[30] On April 12, the United States sent $750M in additional military aid to Ukraine, including drones, howitzers and protective equipment to defend against chemical attacks.[31] On April 24, an American delegation consisting of American Secretary of StateAntony Blinken and Defense SecretaryLloyd Austin visited Ukrainian presidentVolodymyr Zelenskyy in Kyiv. After the visit US announced $713 million in military financing for Ukraine plus fifteen allied partner nations.[32] In late April 2022, House SpeakerNancy Pelosi visited Zelensky in Kyiv together with other members of the House of Representatives includingAdam Schiff.[33] On August 1, the State Department announced $550 million in security aid to Ukraine focused on supplies forHIMARS systems.[34]
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On February 20, 2023, President Biden announced a half-billion dollars aid stating that the new aid "package would include more military equipment, such as artillery ammunition, more javelins and howitzers.[35] The United States marked the first anniversary of Russia's invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2023, with $2 billion in arms for Kyiv. The United States also plans to announce $250 million in aid to bolster Ukraine's energy infrastructure against Russian attacks.[36]
ReppresentativeChris Stewart of Utah, a member of theHouse Intelligence Committee, said as long as US resources were used wisely, the American people will continue to support aid. He said NATO members must also honor their pledge to spend 2 percent of their gross domestic product on defense. "Most of them have not done that except for a few of the smaller countries," Stewart said. "The American people also look at this and go, 'This is in Europe's backyard. They should be at least as invested in this as we are.' And I don't know that we can assure them right now that that's the case."[37]
In May 2023, the United States said it would provide a $300 million arms shipment for Ukraine. This also included "air defense systems and tens of millions of rounds of ammunition".[38] On July 6, 2023, President Biden approved the provision ofcluster munitions to Ukraine.[39] On August 17, 2023, the U.S. approved the transfer ofF-16s from the Netherlands and Denmark to Ukraine after the Ukrainian pilots have completed their training.[40]
Biden stated that 800 US soldiers will be transferred fromItaly to theBaltic region, eightF-35 fighter jets will be transferred from Germany to Eastern Europe, and that 32Apache helicopters will be transferred from Germany and Greece to Poland.[41][42] The president said theU.S. military would not fightRussia in Ukraine, but would defend every inch of NATO territory.[26] U.S. Secretary of DefenseLloyd Austin ordered the deployment of about 7,000 additional troops to Europe.[26]
U.S. presidentJoe Biden issued a statement calling the Russian invasion "unprovoked and unreasonable", and accusing Russian presidentVladimir Putin of waging a "premeditated war that will result in catastrophic loss of life and human suffering".[43] On February 28, the United States announced plans to expel twelve Russian diplomats from thePermanent Mission of Russia to the United Nations.[44][45] TheUnited States Mission to the United Nations told the public,
The United States has informed the United Nations and the Russian Permanent Mission to the United Nations that we are beginning the process of expelling twelve intelligence operatives from the Russian Mission who have abused their privileges of residency in the United States by engaging in espionage activities that are adverse to our national security. We are taking this action in accordance with the UN Headquarters Agreement. This action has been in development for several months.
— Spokesperson Olivia Dalton, Statement on the Decision to Initiate the Expulsion of Russian Diplomats in New York, U.S. Mission to the United Nations
Biden called Putin "a war criminal" in response to reporters' questions on March 16.[46][47] Biden additionally condemnedRussian oligarchs who had supported Putin, stating that "We are joining with our European allies to find and seize your yachts, your luxury apartments, your private jets. We are coming for your ill-begotten gains."[48] The Biden administration also condemned Putin's decision to place Russia's nuclear deterrence forces on high alert.[49]
In a speech on March 26, Biden declared in a speech that Putin "cannot remain in power". However, theWhite House later released a statement saying that Biden's "point was that Putin cannot be allowed to exercise power over his neighbors or the region. He was not discussing Putin's power in Russia, or regime change". In response to Biden's statement, theKremlin stated that whether or not Putin remained in power was the choice of the Russian people.[50][51]
In a phone call with Ukrainian presidentVolodymyr Zelenskyy, Biden called Russia's military activities "unprovoked and unjustified."[52] On April 7, 2022, AmbassadorLinda Thomas-Greenfield appeared before theUnited Nations General Assembly to join Ukraine in calling for the removal of the Russian Federation from theUnited Nations Human Rights Council in response to theBucha massacre.[53]
Joe Biden made his first visit to Kyiv since the start of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, on February 20, 2023.[54][55] Only two journalists followed him, having been sworn to secrecy three days previous due to security concerns, and his travel arrangements had not been made public even just before his arrival.[56] Biden's visit received a mixed reaction.[57][58][59]
Imposing economic sanctions on Russia was and is one of main elements of Biden's strategy after Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022. Biden administration believed that economic sanctions would damage Russia more than military engagement. However, sanctions "have been much less successful" than the US strategy "anticipated and required", and have failed to impede Russia from continuing its war.[12]
TheNational Emergencies Act andInternational Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), authorize thepresident to regulate international commerce by declaring a national emergency in response to any unusual and extraordinary threat to the United States which has its source in whole or substantial part outside the United States. This is accomplished through the power to imposeinternational sanctions on foreign countries and their citizens. Bydesignating a country, a corporation or individual this way, the United States seeks to leverage the global use of theUnited States dollar and its regulation by theUnited States Department of the Treasury for its foreign policy.
During thePresidency of George W. Bush, the repression of opposition to the incumbentAlexander Lukashenko regime during the2006 Belarusian presidential election led to the declaration of international emergency withExecutive Order13405 of June 16, 2006. During thePresidency of Barack Obama, theAnnexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation was impetus to declare an emergency in Ukraine throughExecutive Order13660 of March 6, 2014. The emergencies in both Belarus and Ukraine have been continued by Presidents Bush, Obama,Trump, andBiden through an annual letter to Congress. Each president has issued further Executive Orders affecting the scope of emergency measures and naming individuals, companies and governments as responsible and sanctioning them. In addition, theRussia–United States relations have been strained through a number of incidents involvingespionage andcyberwarfare by Russia. WithExecutive Order13694, President Obama declared an emergency regarding "Significant Malicious Cyber-Enabled Activities" without initially naming Russia, but eventually naming theGRU,FSB, and related entities responsible and sanctioning them.
Taking office in 2021, President Joseph Biden cited theRussian bounty program,2020 United States federal government data breach and2020–2021 Belarusian protests to enhance previous sanctions programs against the Russia and Belarus authorized underPresidency of Barack Obama andPresidency of Donald Trump. Each Executive Order is written pursuant to theInternational Emergency Economic Powers Act authority granted to the President to designate individuals as deemed necessary. In 2021, President Biden signed four Executive Orders creating sanctions. Two targeted the Russian Federation and one targeted Belarus:
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In late-January 2022, major Russian military units were relocated and deployed toBelarus under the auspices of previously planned joint military exercises to be held in February that year.[66] Ukrainian and American officials believed that Russia was attempting to use Belarus as a platform for an attack on Ukraine from the north, due to the close proximity of theBelarusian–Ukrainian border with the city of Kyiv.[67][68][69] On January 19, 2022, United States President Joe Biden said his "guess" was that Russia "w[ould] move in" to Ukraine but Putin would pay "a serious and dear price" for an invasion and "would regret it".[70][71]
On February 21, 2022, following the recognition of the Donetsk and Luhansk republics, President Putin ordered additional Russian troops into Donbas, in what Russia called a "peacekeeping mission".[72][73][74] In immediate response, the Biden administration issuedExecutive Order14065, prohibiting all trade with the breakawayDonetsk People's Republic orLuhansk People's Republic. TheBureau of Industry and Security issuing newExport Administration Regulations effective February 24.[75][76]
On February 22, 2022, the United States declared the Russian advance into the Donbas an "invasion."[77] The Biden administration and OFAC announced the blocking of property under E.O. 14024 for notable members of the Russian government includingAlexander Bortnikov of theFederal Security Service (FSB) and the First Deputy Chief of Staff of thePresidential Administration of RussiaSergey Kiriyenko. State-backed bankPromsvyazbank and its CEOPetr Fradkov were also cited; the Russian state development corporationVEB.RF as well. Over forty subsidiaries to Promsvyazbank and VEB.RF were named to the list, as were five ships owned by Promsvyazbank: oneroll-on/roll-off cargo ship, twotankers and twocontainer ships. The Biden administration described this as the "first tranche" of sanctions.[78][79]
On February 23, 2022, an unidentified senior U.S. defense official was quoted byReuters saying that "80 percent" of Russian forces assigned and arrayed along Ukraine's border were ready for battle and that a ground incursion further into Ukraine could commence at any moment.[80] On the same day, theUkrainian parliament approved the decree of President Volodymyr Zelenskyy on the introduction of astate of emergency.[81] On February 24, 2022, the Russian Federation PresidentVladimir Putin announced that he had made the decision to launch a "special military operation" in eastern Ukraine.[82][83] Russian forces launched missile attacks against targets across Ukraine shortly afterward.[84] Following the attacks, White House announced an expansion of its sanctions programs.[85]
Today, the United States, along with Allies and partners, is imposing severe and immediate economic costs on Russia in response to Putin's war of choice against Ukraine. Today's actions include sweeping financial sanctions and stringent export controls that will have profound impact on Russia's economy, financial system, and access to cutting-edge technology. The sanctions measures impose severe costs on Russia's largest financial institutions and will further isolate Russia from the global financial system. With today's financial sanctions, we have now targeted all ten of Russia's largest financial institutions, including the imposition of full blocking and correspondent and payable-through account sanctions, and debt and equity restrictions, on institutions holding nearly 80% of Russian banking sector assets.
— "Fact Sheet: Joined by Allies and Partners, the United States Imposes Devastating Costs on Russia" February 24, 2022
The Biden administration widened the E.O. 14024 sanctions program list to target major Russian corporations in the banking, defense, and energy sector. Designated corporations includedOtkritie FC Bank,Rostec,Sovcombank,VTB Bank,Sberbank,Alfa-Bank,Credit Bank of Moscow,Gazprombank,Russian Agricultural Bank,Gazprom,Gazprom Neft,Transneft,Rostelecom,RusHydro,Alrosa,Sovcomflot, andRussian Railways. More Russian government officials and oligarchs were sanctioned, including senior government officialSergei Ivanov, Secretary for theSecurity Council of RussiaNikolai Patrushev,Rosneft CEOIgor Sechin, and bankerYuri Soloviev.[86] The Office of Foreign Assets Control also announced the imposition of further E.O. 14038 sanctions against Belarus in retaliation for allowing Russia to use its territory to launch attacks on Ukraine, including state-owned banks, defense and security industry, and defense official including the Belarusian Minister of Defense,Viktor Khrenin.[87][88]
On February 25, 2022, theUnited States Department of the Treasury andUnited States Department of State announced the most direct sanctions on the government and military of the Russian Federation by putting sanctions onRussian presidentVladimir Putin,foreign ministerSergey Lavrov,Minister of DefenceSergei Shoigu and first DeputyDefence MinisterValery Gerasimov.[89][90][91] In a joint public statement on February 26, 2022, with the leaders of the European Commission, France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, and Canada, the United States committed to tighten sanctions even further including removal of Russian banks from theSWIFT messaging system, measures to stop the use of reserves to undermine the impact of sanctions, ending the sale ofgolden passport, and coordinating efforts to "ensure the effective implementation of our financial sanctions."[92][93][94][95] On February 28, 2022, theRussian Direct Investment Fund (RDIF) and its CEOKirill Dmitriev were added to the E.O. 14024 sanctions list.[96]
On March 3, theUnited States imposed a mixed set of sanctions on the Russian elite:
In early March 2022, President Biden signed additional Executive Orders dealing with the emergency in Ukraine.Executive Order14066 of March 8, 2022, prohibited U.S. importation of fossil fuels from the Russian Federation and any new U.S. investment into the Russian energy sector.[102]Executive Order14068 of March 11, 2022, prohibited U.S. importation of fish, seafood, alcoholic beverages, and non-industrial diamonds from Russia and prohibits U.S. export of luxury goods to the Russian Federation.[103]
On March 11, 2022, OFAC added twenty-six Russians to the E.O. 14024 list. Twelve were members of the Putin government includingYury Afonin,Leonid Kalashnikov,Vladimir Kashin,Ivan Melnikov,Dmitry Novikov,Vyacheslav Volodin,Gennady Zyuganov. Ten were persons connected toVTB Bank, most notably includingOlga Dergunova, a Deputy President. Relatives ofDmitry Peskov were added, including his sonNikolay Peskov (a former correspondent forRT) and daughter Elizaveta Peskova, assistant to far-rightAymeric Chauprade, a FrenchMember of the European Parliament.[104][105] The oligarchViktor Vekselberg, previously sanctioned in 2018, was re-designated along with his superyacht andAirbus A319-115 jet.[106] The same round of sanctions also addedDmitry Pantus, Chairman of the State Military-Industrial Committee in theGovernment of Belarus.[106]
On March 15, 2022, the Department of State designated eleven persons as those "who operate or have operated in the defense and related materiel sector of the Russian Federation economy" includingArmy generalDmitry Bulgakov and seven fellow Deputies in theMinistry of Defence;Army generalViktor Zolotov, Director of theNational Guard of Russia and member of theSecurity Council of Russia; Dmitry Shugaev the head ofFederal Service of Military-Technical Cooperation; andAleksandr Mikheyev, Director ofRosoboronexport.[107] The same day, the U.S. also renewed sanctions against Belarusian presidentAlexander Lukashenko. It was announced that all property and interests in property owned by the Belarusian president or his wife was now blocked in the country.[108]
On March 24, 2022, OFAC made its largest expansion of the E.O. 14024 list sanctions by number of entities by sanctioning 324 individual deputies of the State Duma as well as theState Duma itself.[109][110] Added under separate notice wereHerman Gref ofSberbank;Tactical Missiles Corporation, its subsidiaries and its General Director; as well as theRussian Helicopters and its subsidiaries, as well as other divisions ofRostec.[111] The same day the State Department published its own additions to the E.O. 14024 list: seventeen persons connected toSovcombank; billionaireGennady Timchenko, his companiesVolga Group andTransoil. Timchenko's wife, children, business partner and spouse of his business partner were also named. The State Department also named Timchenko's yacht, theLena as blocked property.[112][113]
On March 31, 2022, OFAC publicized the existence of a "procurement network engaged in proliferation activities" operating at the direction of Russian intelligence services. The Office claims that the network of companies, including entities based in Russia, United Kingdom, Japan, Singapore and Spain was created to procure Western technologies while disguising that theend user was, in fact, the military and intelligence services of the Russian Federation. The companies and their principals were named and sanctioned.[114][115]
Following the retreat of Russian forces the city ofBucha, Kyiv Oblast, witnesses began sharing evidence of atrocities committed during the occupation. Footage showed civilians dead with their hands bound. Other footage showed a dead man next to a bicycle.[116] Journalists entering the city themselves discovered the bodies of more than a dozen people in civilian clothes.[117]CNN,[118] theBBC,[119] andAFP[120] released video documentation of numerous dead bodies of civilians in the streets and yards in Bucha, some of them with tied arms or legs.BBC News said of the 20 bodies on the street, some had been shot in the temple and some bodies had been run over by a tank.[121] On April 2, an AFP reporter stated he had seen at least twenty bodies of male civilians lying in the streets of Bucha, with two of the bodies having tied hands.[122][123]
As evidence mounted, US presidentJoe Biden called for Putin to be tried for war crimes and stated that he supported additional sanctions on Russia.[124][125] On April 6, a Senior Biden administration official announced that "the sickening brutality in Bucha has made tragically clear the despicable nature of the Putin regime. And today, in alignment with G7 allies and partners, we're intensifying the most severe sanctions ever levied on a major economy."[126] President Biden signedExecutive Order14071 of April 6, 2022, "Prohibiting New Investment in and Certain Services to the Russian Federation in Response to Continued Russian Federation Aggression," prohibiting all U.S. persons' investment or in the Russian Federation. Additionally, E.O. 14071 allows the Secretary of the Treasury to determine "any category of services" to be illegal to export by any United States person to any person of the Russian Federation.[127][128]
The European Union and Canada decided on February 27, 2022, to ban Russian airlines from using their airspace.[129] In the March 1, 2022State of the Union Address, American presidentJoe Biden announced that the United States "will join our allies in closing off American air space to all Russian flights – further isolating Russia – and adding an additional squeeze –on their economy."[130]
The ban went into effect at March 2, 2022, 9:00 am Eastern Standard Time (UTC−05:00).[131] TheFederal Aviation Administration's official notice was sent as aNOTAM entitled "Special Security Instructions (SSI) Prohibition on Russian Flight Operations in the Territorial Airspace of the U.S." A prohibition against operating to, from, within, or through U.S. territorial airspace was applied to the following:
Narrow exceptions were allowed for aircraft "engaged inhumanitarian orsearch and rescue operations specifically authorized by the FAA, state aircraft operations granted adiplomatic clearance by theUnited States Department of State, and aircraft experiencingin-flight emergencies."[132][133] In comment accompanying the orderUnited States Secretary of TransportationPete Buttigieg said, "The United States stands with our allies and partners across the world in responding to Putin's unprovoked aggression against the people of Ukraine."[134]
The main United States sanctions law,IEEPA, blocks the designated person or entity's assets, and also prohibits anyUnited States person from transacting business with the designated person or entity. Specifically,50 U.S.C. § 1705 criminalizes activities that "violate, attempt to violate, conspire to violate, or cause a violation of any license, order, regulation, or prohibition," and allows for fines up to $1,000,000, imprisonment up to 20 years, or both. Additionally, United Statesasset forfeiture laws allow for the seizure of assets considered to be the proceeds of criminal activity.
On February 3, 2022, John "Jack" Hanick was arrested in London for violating sanctions againstKonstantin Valeryevich Malofeev [ru;uk;de], owner ofTsargrad TV. Malofeev is targeted for sanctions by the European Union and United States for material and financial support to Donbass separatists.[135][136][137][138][139][140][a] Hanick was the first person criminally indicted for violating United States sanctions during theWar in Ukraine.[142] According to court records, Hanick has been under sealed indictment in theUnited States District Court for the Southern District of New York since November 2021. The indictment was unsealed March 3, 2022. Hanick awaits extradition from the United Kingdom to the United States.[143][144]
In the March 1, 2022State of the Union Address, American presidentJoe Biden announced an effort to target the wealth of Russian oligarchs.
Tonight, I say to the Russian oligarchs and the corrupt leaders who've bilked billions of dollars off this violent regime: No more.
The United States — I mean it. TheUnited States Department of Justice is assembling a dedicated task force to go after the crimes of the Russian oligarchs.
We're joining with European Allies to find and seize their yachts, their luxury apartments, their private jets. We're coming for your ill-begotten gains.[145]
On March 2, 2022,U.S. Attorney GeneralMerrick B. Garland announced the formation ofTask Force KleptoCapture, an inter-agency effort. The main goal of the task force is to impose the sanctions set against Russian oligarchs to freeze and seize the assets that the U.S. government claimed were proceeds of their illegal involvement with the Russian government and the invasion of Ukraine.[146][147][148][149]
On March 11, 2022, United States PresidentJoseph R. Biden signedExecutive Order14068, "Prohibiting Certain Imports, Exports, and New Investment With Respect to Continued Russian Federation Aggression," an order of economic sanctions under the United StatesInternational Emergency Economic Powers Act against several oligarchs. The order specifically targeted two properties ofViktor Vekselberg worth an estimated $180 million: anAirbus A319-115 jet and themotoryachtTango.[150] Estimates of the value of theTango range from $90 million (U.S. Department of Justice estimate) to $120 million (from the website Superyachtfan.com).
On March 25, 2022, an FBI Special Agent filed an affidavit in support of seizure of the Tango with theUnited States District Court for the District of Columbia. The affidavit warrant statesprobable cause to seize theTango for suspect violations of18 U.S.C. § 1349 (conspiracy to commitbank fraud),50 U.S.C. § 1705 (International Emergency Economic Powers Act), and18 U.S.C. § 1956 (money laundering), and that the seizure is authorized by American statutes on civil and criminalasset forfeiture.[151][152]
On April 4, 2022,Magistrate Judge Zia M. Faruqui signed an Order approving the seizure. Judge Faruqui concluded his order stating, "The seizure of the Target Property is just the beginning of the reckoning that awaits those who would facilitate Putin's atrocities. Neither the Department of Justice, nor history, will be kind to the Oligarchs who chose the wrong side. ... The Department of Justice's seizure echoes the message ofthe brave Ukrainian soldiers of Snake Island."[153] TheCivil Guard of Spain and U.S. federal agents of both theUnited States Department of Justice andUnited States Department of Homeland Security seized theTango inMallorca. AUnited States Department of Justice press release states that the seizure of theTango was by request ofTask Force KleptoCapture.[154][155][156]
On Friday, April 8, 2022, President Biden signed into law two bills from Congress aimed at isolating the Russian Federation:
In March 2023, Secretary of StateAntony Blinken rejected China'speace proposal,[162] saying "the world should not be fooled by any tactical move by Russia, supported by China or any other country, to freeze the war on its own terms".[163] In January 2024, the Biden administration rejected Vladimir Putin's proposal for aceasefire in Ukraine. Biden's National Security AdvisorJake Sullivan informed Putin's foreign policy adviserYuri Ushakov that the United States would not discuss a ceasefire without Ukraine's participation.[164][165] Vice PresidentKamala Harris and National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan attended theJune 2024 Ukraine peace summit in Switzerland.[166]
During the2024 United States presidential election, the retired Lieutenant GeneralKeith Kellogg andFrederick H. Fleitz presented presidential candidateDonald Trump with a detailed plan to end Russia's war in Ukraine. The plan proposes a ceasefire on the current front lines, forcing both Russia and Ukraine into peace talks, and continued arms supplies to Ukraine if it agrees to a ceasefire and peace talks. If Russia did not agree to a ceasefire and peace talks, the United States would increase arms supplies to Ukraine. Ukraine would not have to formally cede the occupied and annexed territories to Russia, but would postpone its plans for NATO membership for a longer period of time, and the territories currently under Russian occupation would remain underde facto Russian control. They told Reuters: "Our concern is that this has become awar of attrition that's going to kill a whole generation of young men."[167][168] Trump expressed support for peace negotiations between Russia and Ukraine.[169][170][171]
On January 20, Trump became president of the United States. Two days later, Trump warned that he would impose hightariffs and further sanctions on Russia if Vladimir Putin did not make a "deal" to end the war against Ukraine.[172] Trump had vowed to end the war "within 24 hours" and before even taking office, but failed to do so. Trump said he was "not looking to hurt Russia" and had "always had a very good relationship with President Putin," for whom he has expressed admiration.[172] Putin responded that he is ready to negotiate with Trump, and made statements that seemed designed to "court Trump's favour".[173] Ukrainian president Zelenskyy said that Putin wanted to "manipulate" Trump, but believed this would not succeed. Trump said that Zelenskyy "shouldn't have allowed this war to happen", suggesting the Ukrainian president was partly to blame for the Russian invasion.[173]
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On February 12, a meeting of theUkraine Defense Contact Group was held at NATO headquarters. It was the first after Trump became US president, and marked a major shift in the American position. The new US Secretary of Defense,Pete Hegseth, said that returning to Ukraine's internationally recognized ("pre-2014") borders was "an unrealistic objective" and that attempting to regain all territory "will only prolong the war and cause more suffering". He said that Ukraine must have "robust security guarantees", but that the "United States does not believe that NATO membership for Ukraine is a realistic outcome of a negotiated settlement". The US expects Europe to provide more financial and military assistance for Ukraine, while the US concentrates on its own security. Hegseth also said that no US troops would be deployed aspeacekeepers to Ukraine.[174][175]
Later that day, president Trump said he held a "highly productive phone call" with president Putin and agreed to "have our respective teams start negotiations immediately".[176] Trump also held a phone call with president Zelenskyy, who said: "Together with the US, we are charting our next steps to stop Russian aggression and ensure a lasting, reliable peace".[176] Trump denied keeping Zelensky out of the peace process, but said "at some point you need to have elections too", and claimedZelenskyy's opinion poll ratings were "not great".[177]
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Ukraine and its European allies were alarmed by Trump unilaterally opening negotiations with Putin and apparently giving concessions to Russia.[178] Zelenskyy said that Ukraine would not accept an agreement made without it, while Foreign MinisterAndrii Sybiha said: "Nothing can be discussed on Ukraine without Ukraine".[178]Kaja Kallas, the EU'sforeign policy chief, said that "Europe must have a central role" in negotiations,[179] and that any agreement without Ukraine or the EU would fail.[178] She said it is not "good tactics" to give in to Russian demands without negotiation, describing this as "appeasement".[178] Kallas added that the EU would keep supporting Ukraine if it rejected a deal agreed between Moscow and Washington behind its back.[178] Germany's Defense MinisterBoris Pistorius said the US should not have given concessions to Russia before negotiations.[180] France's Defense Minister,Sébastien Lecornu, said the US should be seeking "peace through strength" and not "peace through weakness".[180]John Bolton, Donald Trump'snational security adviser during his first presidency, said:
"Trump has effectively surrendered to Putin before the negotiations have even begun ... The positions that Defense Secretary Hegseth announced ... constitute terms of a settlement that could have been written in the Kremlin".[181]
The Kremlin, meanwhile, said it was "impressed" by Trump's position, which it contrasted with that of his predecessor Joe Biden.[178] The following day, Hegseth seemed to backtrack on his remarks, telling a press conference that "everything is on the table" for negotiations.[182] US vice-presidentJD Vance said that the US could use "military tools of leverage" if Russia does not negotiate in good faith.[183] At the61st Munich Security Conference (February 14–16), Trump's envoyKeith Kellogg said that European countries would not be directly involved in US talks with Russia and Ukraine. European leaders said they would not accept being shut out of the talks, as any agreement would affect their own security.[184]
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On February 16, U.S. secretary of stateMarco Rubio stated that Ukraine and Europe would be part of any "real negotiations" to end the war.[185] Trump said on the same day that Ukrainian president Zelenskyy "will be involved" in negotiations.[186] US Republican senatorRoger Wicker, chairman of theSenate Armed Services Committee, believed that Putin could not be trusted, saying "Putin is awar criminal and should be in jail for the rest of his life, if not executed".[187] On February 18, American and Russian delegations, headed by Marco Rubio and Russian foreign ministerSergey Lavrov, respectively, met inRiyadh,Saudi Arabia, in order to develop a framework for furtherpeace negotiations on the war in Ukraine. Rubio was accompanied by U.S. National Security AdvisorMichael Waltz and Special EnvoySteve Witkoff.[188]
Following the Riyadh meeting, Trump seemingly blamed Ukraine for the Russian invasion, saying "You should have never started it. You could have made a deal".[189][190] He said that Ukraine should have new presidential elections, falsely claiming that president Zelenskyy's approval ratings were only 4%. This echoed Kremlin claims that the Ukrainian leader was illegitimate.[189][190] Zelenskyy replied that Trump was trapped in aRussian "disinformation bubble".[189][191] Trump had also accused Zelenskyy of being a "dictator" for being unable to hold elections duringmartial law.[192]
Recent polls found that 52% and 57% of Ukrainians trusted Zelenskyy.[191] The head of Ukraine's digital affairs ministry argued that Zelenskyy's ratings were actually 4–5% higher than Trump's.[191] Ukraine's constitution forbids elections during martial law; all parties in Ukraine's parliament want to put off elections until after the war;[190] and polls show that few Ukrainians want an election in the midst of an invasion.[190] The speaker of Ukraine's parliament said Ukraine was not "giving up" on elections, but that attempting to hold them "under shelling" would only benefit the Kremlin.[191]
It was reported on February 17, 2025, that the Trump administration had asked for the US to be given ownership of half of Ukraine's mineral and oil resources, as "payment" for US support.[193] Several days earlier, Trump had said: "They [Ukraine] may make a deal. They may not make a deal. They may be Russian someday, or they may not be Russian someday. But I want this money back".[194] The Ukrainians did not sign the agreement. Although Zelenskyy had offered the US a stake in Ukraine's resources for continued support, he reportedly rejected the proposal because it did not offer Ukraine security guarantees.[193][195] Zelenskyy said he was prepared to work on a "serious document" if it contained security guarantees, but said he could not "sell Ukraine away".[191] According toThe Telegraph, "Trump's demands would amount to a higher share of Ukrainian GDP than reparations imposed on Germany at theVersailles Treaty".[194] AFebruary 28, 2025, meeting between Trump and Zelenskyy failed to reach an agreement on the proposed minerals deal.[196] On April 30, 2025,Ukraine–United States Mineral Resources Agreement was officially signed by American and Ukrainian delegations in Washington, putting the minerals deal into effect.[197]
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On April 24, 2025, President Trump criticized Russia'smissile and drone attack on Kyiv and Putin's determination to continue the war, posting on social media: "Not necessary, and very bad timing. Vladimir, STOP! 5000 soldiers a week are dying. Lets get the Peace Deal DONE!"[198]
On May 19, 2025, President Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin had a 2 hour long telephone call, discussing the situation in Ukraine. European leaders had hoped for an ultimatum to put pressure on Putin to achieve a ceasefire, which the US had claimed to be the call's primary objective.[199] While Trump praised the talk, he apparently backed away from demanding a ceasefire.[200] AnalystSam Kiley concluded that no pressure had been put on Putin and the calls were "worth nothing".[201]
In June 2025, a majority ofU.S. senators supportedsecondary sanctions against Russia to increase pressure on Putin, which would impose 500%tariffs on countries that buyRussian oil,natural gas,uranium and other exports.[202]China,India andBrazil are the main consumers of Russian energy.[203] Majority LeaderJohn Thune said senators "stand ready to provide President Trump with any tools he needs to get Russia to finally come to the table in a real way."[202]
On July 14, 2025, President Donald Trump announced from theoval office that the United States would dramatically increase weapons supplies to European Allies who will then provide those supplies to Ukraine.[204] President Trump also threatened to punish Moscow with heavy tariffs oncountries that trade with Russia if the Kremlin fails to reach aceasefire deal with Ukraine by September 2025.[205] One of the critical weapons that President Trump offered to provide was Patriot air defense missiles (MIM-104 Patriot).[206]
On July 28, 2025, President Trump announced a new, shorter deadline for Russia to agree to a ceasefire over the war in Ukraine of "10 or 12 days" from then. Ukraine's President Zelensky welcomed Trump's efforts. The Kremlin said it had "taken note" but its "special military operation continues."[28] On August 1, 2025, President Trump ordered the deployment of twoUnited States Navynuclear submarines near Russia for potential military action againstRussian forces in response to statements made by formerRussian presidentDmitry Medvedev, who is deputy chairman of theSecurity Council of the Russian Federation, regarding Trump's previously stated deadline for ending the war in Ukraine.[207][208]
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In August 2025, Treasury SecretaryScott Bessent accused India of profiting from reselling Russian oil.[209] TheHouse Foreign Affairs CommitteeDemocrats criticized President Trump's decision to impose a 50% tariff on India overIndia's trade with Russia, saying the move jeopardized U.S.–India relations. They argued that targeting India, rather than China or other majorbuyers of Russian oil, would hurt Americans and "sabotage" the U.S.–India partnership. The committee had previously said that if Trump were serious about ending the conflict, he would have provided military support to Ukraine.[210][211]
In September 2025, Donald Trump urged EU member states to stop buyingRussian oil and start puttingeconomic pressure on China for funding Russia's war effort in Ukraine.[212][213] Treasury SecretaryScott Bessent said the Trump administration is "prepared to increase pressure on Russia, but we need our European partners to follow us."[214] On September 14, 2025, speaking about thecasualties of the war in Ukraine, Trump said: "8,000 soldiers have died this week, from both countries. Some more from Russia, but when you’re the aggressor, you lose more."[215]
In September 2025, the Trump administration approved the delivery of the first two packages of weapons to Ukraine from US stockpiles totalling approximately $1 billion, which would be paid for by NATO allies, under the new mechanism called Prioritized Ukraine Requirements List (PURL). The mechanism aims to deliver aid worth up to $10 billion.[216] On September 27, 2025, President Zelenskyy announced a $90 billion arms agreement with the United States was being in works.[217]
On October 16, 2025, after a phone call initiated by Putin that lasted over two hours, Trump announced that he would meet Putin in Budapest to discuss ending the war and that a time and location would be set the following week.[218][219] The plan was cancelled on October 21.[219] On October 22, 2025, the United States imposed sanctions on Russian energy companiesRosneft andLukoil,[220] affecting their customers inChina andIndia.[221]
In November 2025, Trump proposed aplan for Ukraine after meeting with Vladimir Putin that would require Ukraine to give up swathes of territory under its own control to Russia, including major cities.[222]
The United States has provided around half of all military aid to Ukraine.[4] According to theKiel Institute, the US spent€114.63 billion (US$133.2 billion) on activities related to the Russian invasion of Ukraine from January 2022 to April 2025,[223] and to other activities including supporting increased US–European presence, Ukrainian refugees in the US, and global food insecurity.[6] According to theCouncil on Foreign Relations, by the end of September 2024 the United States had allocated $175 billion in bills, related to the invasion of Russia, of which $106 billion went into direct aid to Ukraine, and $69 billion remained in the US economy and supported US industries, subsidizing theproduction of weapons and military equipment in at least 71 American cities.[7][8]
According to defense expert Malcolm Chalmers, at the beginning of 2025 the US provided 20% of all military equipment Ukraine was using, with 25% provided by Europe and 55% produced by Ukraine. However, the 20% supplied by the US "is the most lethal and important."[224]
In a survey of 9,424 adults conducted by thePew Research Center between July 1–7, 2024, 54% of respondents approved continuing to provide military aid to Ukraine, while 31% disapproved; 54% of respondents also approved allowing Ukraine to use US-made weapons to strike targets inside Russian territory (29% did not approve). 48% of respondents agreed that the United States has a responsibility to defend Ukraine (49% disagreed).[225]
A survey conducted between November 12–17, 2024 and consisting of 9,609 adults showed that 18% of respondents agreed that the United States provides too little support for Ukraine, while 25% believed the US provides the right amount; 27% thought the government provides too much support. The rest (29%) were undecided.[226]
When the poll was conducted between February 3–9, 2025 with 9,544 adults participating, 22% of respondents supported the opinion that the United States does not help Ukraine enough, while 23% believed the US is doing just enough; 30% thought the US provides Ukraine too much help. 24% were undecided.[227]
The poll conducted between August 4–10, 2025 (3,554 adults) showed that 29% agreed that the United States does not provide Ukraine with enough support, the highest share recorded by the Pew Research Center since September 2022, while 25% believed the US was providing just the right amount of support and 18% believed the US provides Ukraine with too much support.[228]
AGallup Poll conducted between December 4–15, 2024 showed that 30% of surveyed agreed that the States is not doing enough to help Ukraine, while 31% believed it is doing just enough; 37% thought the government is providing too much help.[229]
When the survey was conducted in March 3–11, 2025, 46% of US adults thought that the United States is not doing enough to help Ukraine, up by 16% from December and the highest share recorded by Gallup since the full-scale invasion started. 23% believed it was doing just enough, and three adults in ten believed the government was providing too much help, down by 7% from the last poll and the lowest share since June 2023. Also, 64% supported sending additional military aid to Ukraine if Russia violated a potential peace deal (86% of Democratic-leaning voters versus 46% of Republican-leaning voters).[230]
The poll conducted in August 1–15, 2025 showed that the share of US adults supporting an opinion that the United States was not doing enough to help Ukraine remained at 46%, while 27% thought it was doing just enough. 25% believed that the US was providing Ukraine with too much help.[231]
In a poll of 1,565 Americans conducted between August 17–20, 2024, 25% of respondents said the United States should increase military support of Ukraine, while 27% believed it should be maintained at the current level. 28% expressed support for decreasing it.[232]
When the poll was conducted on July 18–21, 2025, 33% wanted the United States to increase military aid for Ukraine, the highest percentage recorded by The Economist/YouGov polls since September 2022. 23% preferred to maintain the aid on the same level, 10% preferred to decrease it and 16% wanted to cease it completely.[233][234]
The poll conducted on September 10–22, 2025 showed that 33% wanted the United States to increase military aid for Ukraine, 25% wanted to maintain the aid on the same level, 10% preferred to decrease it and 12% wanted to cease it completely. Analysis notes steep increase of military support for Ukraine among Republicans: between March and September, percentage of Republicans who wanted to decrease or stop the aid dropped from 59% to 35%, the lowest share since October 2022; the share of those who wanted to stop the aid fell from 33% to 17%.[235][236]
In the poll conducted on October 17–20, 2025, the share of respondents who wanted the United States to increase military aid for Ukraine further increased to 35%, while 22% preferred to maintain aid at the current level; 21% wanted to decrease or stop the aid. Among Republicans, 23% wanted to increase the aid, 24% preferred to keep it at the current level, 17% wanted to decrease it and 14% wanted to stop it altogether.[237][238]
AQuinnipac University poll of registered voters conducted on March 6–10, 2025 showed that 62% agreed that Ukraine support was in the national interest of the United States (29% disagreed).[239]
According to the poll of registered voters conducted on September 18–21, 2025 and published on September 24, 64% of respondents agreed that supporting Ukraine was in the national interest of the United States, while 26% disagreed (among registered Republicans the numbers were 50% and 37%, respectively).[240]
A survey conducted on July 6–8, 2025, byThe Harris Poll and HarrisX among 2,044 registered voters showed that 65% supported a statement that the United States should provide Ukraine with weapons and impose further sanctions on Russia if Russia refused to participate in peace negotiations; among registered Republicans, 66% suppored the statement. Same percentages also agreed with the United States providing Ukraine direct security guarantees if it made concessions to end the war.[241]
The poll conducted on August 20–21, 2025 (2,025 registered voters) showed that 67% agreed that the United States should provide Ukraine military aid and impose further sanctions on Russia if Russia refused to participate in peace negotiations (67% of registered Republicans). 69% also agreed that Ukraine should receive direct security guarantees from the United States if it makes concessions to end the war (67% of registered Republicans).[242]
The survey conducted on October 1–2, 2025 (2,413 registered voters) showed that 68% approved of the US providing weapons to Ukraine and imposing further sanctions on Russia if it refused to negotiate (73% of registered Republicans).[243]
In May 2023, 46% of respondents agreed that the US should arm Ukraine, while 29% disagreed. In a poll conducted by Reuters and Ipsos and published on October 5, 41% of respondents said Washington should arm Ukraine, while 35% disagreed.[244] A poll conducted by the Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation & Institute in June 2024 showed that 57% of respondents supported sending military aid to Ukraine, while 32% opposed it. 75% of respondents also agreed that it is important to the United States that Ukraine wins the war, while 17% considered it unimportant.[245][246]
%2c_Senator_Richard_Blumenthal_(D-Conn.)%2c_and_Senator_Lindsey_Graham_(R-S.C.)_visited_Kyiv%2c_Ukraine%2c_August_23%2c_2023_-_53184097752.jpg)
A poll conducted by Gallup between February 3–16, 2025 showed that approximately 63% of American adults viewed Ukraine favorably, while 31% viewed it unfavorably (among those that identified themselves asRepublicans the numbers were 54% and 42% respectively); meanwhile Russia was viewed positively by 17% of respondents and negatively by 78% (21% and 77% respectively among those that identified themselves as Republicans).[247]
In aQuinnipac University poll of registered voters conducted on March 6–10, 2025, 65% agreed that Ukraine was closer to sharing the values of the United States than Russia, while 9% thought Russia was closer to sharing American values than Ukraine.[239]
A poll of 1,729 adults conducted byThe Economist andYouGov between July 18–21, 2025 showed that 65% saw Ukraine as an ally or at least friendly country, while 15% saw the country as unfriendly or enemy (57% to 20% respectively among Republicans). Meanwhile, Russia was seen as an enemy or unfriendly country by 80%, while only 7% described Russia as friendly or ally (77% to 8% respectively among Republicans).[233] WhenThe Economist/YouGov conducted the survey between September 10–22, 2025, 67% of respondents saw Ukraine as ally/friendly and 14% saw it as unfriendly/enemy (59–19 among Republican respondents), while 8% saw Russia as ally/friendly and 78% saw it as unfriendly/enemy (9–76 among Republican respondents).[236]
YouGov did a poll of 2,311 US adults between February 26–28, 2025 about which country they sympathized with more, with 62% saying Ukraine, 4% Russia, 24% for neither two countries and 11% said they were not sure.[248] In another poll taken between March 5–8, 2022 of 1,500 US adults who were citizens: 73% said they sympathize with Ukraine, 6% Russia, 12% for neither two countries and 9% said they were not sure.[249]
| Pollster | Date | Ukraine | Russia | Neither | Not sure | Margin of error | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Economist/YouGov | October 17–20, 2025 | 68% | 2% | 19% | 11% | ~3% | [238] |
| The Economist/YouGov | September 10–22, 2025 | 65% | 3% | 20% | 12% | ~3% | [236] |
| The Economist/YouGov | July 18–21, 2025 | 65% | 4% | 22% | 9% | ~3% | [233][234] |
| NBC News | March 7–11, 2025 | 61% | 2% | 35% | NA | 3.1% | [250] |
| CBS News | February 26–28, 2025 | 52% | 4% | 44% | NA | 2.5% | [251] |
| The Economist/YouGov | February 26–28, 2025 | 62% | 4% | 24% | 11% | ~3% | [248] |
| The Economist/YouGov | December 21–24, 2024 | 59% | 3% | 27% | 11% | 3.3% | [252] |
| The Economist/YouGov | August 17–20, 2024 | 63% | 3% | 23% | 11% | 3.2% | [253] |
| The Economist/YouGov | November 25–27, 2023 | 62% | 4% | 22% | 12% | 3.3% | [254] |
| The Economist/YouGov | January 21–24, 2023 | 69% | 3% | 19% | 9% | 3.2% | [255] |
| The Economist/YouGov | September 17–20, 2022 | 71% | 6% | 16% | 8% | 2.9% | [256] |
| The Economist/YouGov | March 5–8, 2022 | 73% | 6% | 12% | 9% | 2.7% | [249] |
A poll was conducted by YouGov of 2,008 US adults about annexing "four regions of Ukraine" on September 30, 2022, with 55% strongly opposing it, 8% somewhat opposing, 7% somewhat supporting the annexation, 4% strongly supporting annexing the four regions and 26% said they were not sure.[257]
In a survey conducted by the Pew Research Center on March 24–30, 2025 and published on April 17, 59% agreed that Zelenskyy was committed to lasting peace in Ukraine (24% disagreed), while only 19% believed that about Putin (67% did not). Additionally, 72% were either "extremely or at least somewhat" concerned about Ukraine being defeated and taken over by Russia, including 57% of Republican-leaning voters.[258] AGallup Poll of 1,002 adults conducted on July 7–21, 2025, showed that Volodymyr Zelenskyy was viewed favorably by 52% of Americans, while 34% viewed him unfavorably, giving him a +18 net favorability.[259][260]
According to a survey of 1,729 adults conducted byThe Economist andYouGov between July 18–21, 2025, 46% of respondents held a "very or somewhat" favorable view or Volodymyr Zelenskyy, while 29% viewed him unfavorably (32–44 among Republicans); meanwhile, Putin was viewed favorably by 7% of respondents, while 80% viewed him unfavorably (10–80 among Republicans).[233][234] The poll conducted byThe Economist and YouGov on October 17–20, 2025 showed that 53% of respondents viewed Zelenskyy favorably, while 26% viewed him unfavorably (45–36 among Republicans); Putin was viewed favorably by 9% of respondents, while 80% viewed him unfavorably (11–81 among Republicans).[238]
ACBS News/YouGov poll released on March 2, 2025, and conducted on February 26–28, found that 46% of Americans believe Trump's "actions and statements" favor Russia, compared to 43% who say he treats both sides equally and only 11% who believe he sides with Ukraine.[261] This was backed by theNBC News poll released on March 17 and conducted on March 3–5, in which 49% ofregistered voters agreed that Trump sympathizes with Russia over Ukraine, while only 8% believed it was the other way around.[262]
AQuinnipac University poll of registered voters conducted on March 6–10, 2025 showed that 56% disapproved of President Donald Trump's decision to halt military aid to Ukraine (39% approved), 61% believed Trump wasn't tough enough on Putin (only 2% thought he was too tough) and 50% agreed that he was too tough on Ukraine (8% thought he wasn't tough enough).[239] Another survey of 1,265 registered voters conducted by the Quinnipac University between June 5–9, 2025, and released on June 11 showed that 34% approved of Trump's handling of the war, while 57% disapproved.[263]
According to a survey conducted byThe Economist andYouGov between July 18–21, 2025, 37% approved of Donald Trump's handling of the war, while 46% disapproved; 41% agreed that Trump's approach wasn't supportive enough of Ukraine, 29% agreed that it was "about right" and 7% supported an opinion that Trump's approach was too supportive of Ukraine.[234] The poll conducted byThe Economist and YouGov on October 17–20, 2025, showed 35% approved of the way Trump was handling the war, while 45% disapproved; 32% believed Trump sympathized more with Russia, 23% thought Trump sympathized more with Ukraine and 22% believed Trump didn't have a preference.[238]
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain.Numerous sources indicated Russian troops' movements in various parts of Russia, in Belarus and in occupied Crimea. As a part of these movements, the Russian Eastern Military District's forces continued to enter Belarus ... the Russian forces already inside or moving into Belarus include those from: the 36th Army's ... the 29th Army's ... the 35th Army's ... the 5th Army's ... the Pacific Fleet's 155th Naval Infantry Brigade ... the 76th Air Assault Division's ... the 98th Airborne Division's ... the 11th Air Assault Brigade ...
Ukrainian officials have warned that Russia could launch an attack on Ukraine from various directions, including from its ally Belarus. A senior Biden administration official said the Russian troop deployment to Belarus raises concerns that Moscow may be planning to stage troops there to stretch Ukraine's defenses with an attack from the north.
President Biden said on Wednesday that he now expected President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia would order an invasion of Ukraine, delivering a grim assessment that the diplomacy and ... 'The answer is that I think he still does not want a full-blown war, No. 1. No. 2, do I think he'll test the West, test the United States and NATO as significantly as he can? Yes, I think he will, but I think he'll pay a serious and dear price for it that he doesn't think now will cost him what it's going to cost him. And I think he will regret having done it.'
)))){{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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