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United States Secretary of Energy

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Head of the US Department of Energy

United States Secretary of Energy
Seal of the Department of Energy
Flag of the secretary
Incumbent
Chris Wright
since February 4, 2025
United States Department of Energy
StyleMr. Secretary (informal)
The Honorable (formal)
Member ofCabinet of the United States
United States National Security Council
Reports toPresident of the United States
SeatJames V. Forrestal Building,Washington, D.C.
AppointerThepresident
withSenateadvice and consent
Term lengthNo fixed term
Constituting instrument42 U.S.C. § 7131
FormationAugust 6, 1977
First holderJames R. Schlesinger
SuccessionFifteenth[1]
DeputyDeputy Secretary
SalaryExecutive Schedule, Level I
WebsiteEnergy.gov

TheUnited States secretary of energy is the head of theUnited States Department of Energy, a member of theCabinet of the United States and fifteenth in thepresidential line of succession. The position was created on October 1, 1977, when PresidentJimmy Carter signed theDepartment of Energy Organization Act,[2] establishing the department. Originally, the secretary and the department focused on energy production and regulation. Over time, the emphasis shifted to developing technology for more efficient energy sources and energy education. After theCold War, the department's attention also turned to radioactive waste disposal and environmental quality maintenance.[3] FormerSecretary of DefenseJames Schlesinger was the first secretary of energy. As a Republican nominated by Democratic President Jimmy Carter, Schlesinger’s appointment remains the only instance of a president choosing a member of another political party for the position. Schlesinger is also the only secretary to be dismissed from the post.[4]Hazel O'Leary,Bill Clinton’s first secretary of energy, was the first female and first African American to hold the position.[5] The firstHispanic to serve as energy secretary was Clinton’s second energy secretary,Federico Peña.Spencer Abraham became the firstArab American to hold the position on January 20, 2001, under PresidentGeorge W. Bush.Steven Chu, appointed on January 20, 2009, under PresidentBarack Obama, became the firstAsian American to hold the position. Chu also served as the longest-serving secretary of energy and was the first individual to join the Cabinet after having received a Nobel Prize.[6] Former Michigan governor,Jennifer Granholm, confirmed on February 25, 2021 under PresidentJoe Biden, was the second woman to lead the Department of Energy.[7]Chris Wright is the current secretary of energy under the Trump administration, confirmed on February, 4, 2025.[8]

Nuclear weapons

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In addition to responsibilities related to generation and use of energy, the secretary is the most senior official other than the president of the United States or secretary of defense with primary responsibility for the nation's approximately 3,800 viable nuclear weapons. This arrangement is intended to maintain full civilian control over strategic weapons, except as directed by the president for specific military uses.[9] The department of energy is responsible for the building, maintenance, and disposal of all nuclear weapons within the United States' arsenal in addition to safeguarding these weapons when they are not actively deployed in military service.[10] Under the terms of several successive treaties, most recently New START, the United States has reduced its strategic arsenal to 1,500 deployed weapons. Consequently, many older legacy weapons systems have been dismantled or scheduled for dismantlement, with their core radioactive fuel - generally plutonium - being reprocessed into reactor-grade or space exploration fuel.[11]

List of secretaries of energy

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Parties

  Democratic (7)  Republican (11)

Status

  Acting secretary of energy

No.PortraitNameState of residenceTook officeLeft officePartyPresident(s)
1James SchlesingerVirginiaAugust 6, 1977August 23, 1979RepublicanJimmy Carter
(1977–1981)
2Charles DuncanTexasAugust 24, 1979January 20, 1981Democratic
3James EdwardsSouth CarolinaJanuary 23, 1981November 5, 1982RepublicanRonald Reagan
(1981–1989)
4Donald HodelOregonNovember 5, 1982February 7, 1985Republican
5John HerringtonCaliforniaFebruary 7, 1985January 20, 1989Republican
6James WatkinsCaliforniaMarch 1, 1989January 20, 1993RepublicanGeorge H. W. Bush
(1989–1993)
7Hazel O'LearyVirginiaJanuary 22, 1993January 20, 1997DemocraticBill Clinton
(1993–2001)
–Charles B. CurtisPennsylvaniaJanuary 20, 1997March 12, 1997Democratic
8Federico PeñaColoradoMarch 12, 1997June 30, 1998Democratic
9Bill RichardsonNew MexicoAugust 18, 1998January 20, 2001Democratic
10Spencer AbrahamMichiganJanuary 20, 2001February 1, 2005RepublicanGeorge W. Bush
(2001–2009)
11Samuel BodmanIllinoisFebruary 1, 2005January 20, 2009Republican
12Steven ChuCaliforniaJanuary 20, 2009April 22, 2013DemocraticBarack Obama
(2009–2017)
–Daniel PonemanOhioApril 22, 2013May 21, 2013Democratic
13Ernest MonizMassachusettsMay 21, 2013January 20, 2017Democratic
–Grace BochenekJanuary 20, 2017March 2, 2017Donald Trump
(2017–2021)
14Rick PerryTexasMarch 2, 2017December 1, 2019Republican
15Dan BrouilletteTexasDecember 1, 2019December 4, 2019Republican
December 4, 2019January 20, 2021
–David HuizengaJanuary 20, 2021February 25, 2021DemocraticJoe Biden
(2021–2025)
16Secretary Jennifer GranholmJennifer GranholmMichiganFebruary 25, 2021January 20, 2025Democratic
–Ingrid KolbJanuary 20, 2025February 4, 2025RepublicanDonald Trump
(2025–present)
17Chris WrightColoradoFebruary 4, 2025presentRepublican

See also

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References

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  1. ^"3 U.S. Code § 19 - Vacancy in offices of both President and Vice President; officers eligible to act | US Law | LII / Legal Information Institute". Law.cornell.edu. RetrievedJune 14, 2017.
  2. ^"Department of Energy - Origins". July 12, 2007. Archived fromthe original on July 12, 2007. RetrievedJanuary 28, 2025.
  3. ^"The Clinton Administration".The Washington Post. February 18, 2000.
  4. ^"U.S. Department of Defense".U.S. Department of Defense. RetrievedJanuary 28, 2025.
  5. ^"President Hazel R. O'Leary Honored by Urban League".www.fisk.edu. Archived fromthe original on January 7, 2009. RetrievedJanuary 28, 2025.
  6. ^Rudin, Ken (December 15, 2008)."Nobel Prize Winners In The Cabinet".NPR. RetrievedJanuary 28, 2025.
  7. ^"Secretaries of Energy".Energy.gov. RetrievedNovember 21, 2023.
  8. ^"Senate confirms fracking executive Chris Wright as Trump's energy secretary".reuters.com. RetrievedFebruary 11, 2025.
  9. ^"Atomic Energy Act of 1946"(PDF). US Library of Congress. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on October 1, 2024. RetrievedSeptember 22, 2024.
  10. ^"Maintaining the Stockpile". US Department of Energy. RetrievedSeptember 22, 2024.
  11. ^"Military Warheads as a Source of Nuclear Fuel". World Nuclear Association. RetrievedSeptember 22, 2024.

External links

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U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded byasSecretary of TransportationOrder of precedence of the United States
as Secretary of Energy		Succeeded byasSecretary of Education
U.S. presidential line of succession
Preceded by 15th in lineSucceeded by
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