United Nationalist Democratic Organization | |
|---|---|
| President | Jose Laurel IV |
| Founder | Salvador Laurel |
| Founded | January 1980 (1980-01) 2021 (revival) |
| Dissolved | 1987 |
| Merger of | PDP–Laban Liberal Nacionalista NUCD PDSP |
| Political position | Big tent (withcentre-left factions; 1980–1988)[1] |
| Colors | Green, Yellow (only as customary from 2021) |
| Slogan | Laban Na! People Power |
TheUnited Nationalist Democratic Organization (UNIDO) was the main political multi-partyelectoral alliance of the traditional political opposition during the turbulent last years of Philippine PresidentFerdinand Marcos in the mid-1980s. It was formed in January 1980, and was originally known as theUnited Democratic Opposition[2] from 1980 to 1982. It was initially a union of eight major and minor political parties and organizations with the main aim to oust President Marcos through a legal political process. In April 1982, the coalition received its present name, and increased its members to twelve parties. Shortly after the assassination of popular opposition senatorBenigno Aquino Jr., the party was led by SenatorSalvador Laurel ofBatangas.
The political leaders forming UNIDO such as prominent anti-Marcos leaders like former Senator and Batangas AssemblymanSalvador Laurel, former presidentDiosdado Macapagal, former SenatorEdmundo B. Cea, Zamboanga City MayorCesar Climaco, SenatorGerardo Roxas, Manila AssemblymanLito Atienza, Antique GovernorEvelio Javier, Mandaluyong AssemblymanNeptali Gonzales, Pampanga GovernorJose B. Lingad, SenatorJohn Osmeña, SenatorDominador Aytona, Senator and renowned nationalist statesmanLorenzo Tañada, SenatorEva Estrada-Kalaw, SenatorRene Espina, SenatorMamintal Tamano, SenatorDomocao Alonto and nephew Abul Kharyl, Assemblyman Rufino Bañas, AssemblymanRaul Gonzales, Assemblyman Homobono Adaza, former Philippine Collegian editor-in-chief and leftist-bent journalist Abe Sarmiento, and all significant personalities that contributed to the fall of the Marcos dictatorship.[1]
The political groups allied with UNIDO were the Partido Demokratiko Pilipino–Lakas ng Bayan (PDP–Laban) represented by SenatorAquilino Pimentel, Jr.,Bansang Nagkakaisa sa Diwa at Layunin (BANDILA) led byAgapito Aquino, the younger brother of Ninoy Aquino and one of the founders of the August Twenty-One Movement (ATOM).[1]
UNIDO gained momentum in the last week of November 1985, when President Ferdinand Marcos called for a presidential election due to mounted political pressures. At first, UNIDO supported SenatorSalvador Laurel of Batangas as its standard bearer, but business tycoonChino Roces was not convinced that Laurel orJovito Salonga could defeat Marcos in the polls. Roces argued thatCorazon Aquino, the widow of assassinated Senator Aquino, should be the candidate for president. Roces initiated theCory Aquino for President Movement (CAPM) to gather one million signatures in one week to urge Aquino to run as president, convincing Aquino to do so. Aquino was made the presidential bet of the partyLakas ng Bayan. However, Laurel did not give way to Aquino for the opposition's nomination as President until he was convinced by CardinalJaime Sin to run as her running-mate. Aquino had previously approached Laurel with a deal, wherein Aquino would give up her allegiance to the PDP–LABAN party and run as president under the UNIDO banner, with Laurel running for Vice President, effectively uniting the opposition groups against Marcos. Laurel had also previously offered Aquino the vice presidential nomination for UNIDO. In any case, Aquino ran for president under the UNIDO banner, with PDP–Laban endorsing UNIDO coalition.
The campaign was made in the month of January 1986, for the February election. Although she was officially reported to have lost the election to Marcos, the elections were widely believed to be fraudulent. Both Marcos and Aquino claimed to have won, and held rival inaugurations on February 25, but Marcos then fled in the face of huge popular demonstrations and the refusal of the military to intervene against them.
UNIDO was dissolved after the 1987 legislative and general elections, when new parties were formed and parties parted ways. Among the parties formed from UNIDO, theLaban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (LDP), became the dominant party of the Philippines until 1992.
TheLakas ng Bayan coalition for the elections was composed ofPDP–Laban,Lakas ng Bansa, UNIDO, the Liberal Party–Salonga wing, theNational Union of Christian Democrats–United Muslim Democrats of the Philippines (NUCD–UMDP), thePhilippine Democratic Socialist Party, BANDILA andPanaghiusa.
ThePDP–Laban was split into the Pimentel and Cojuangco wings. The Lakas ng Bansa, headed byRamon Mitra, andPDP–Laban's Cojuangco wing, joined forces to found a new party that would support President Cory Aquino's programs, theLaban ng Demokratikong Pilipino or LDP, thus shaking the anti-Aquino alliance into confusion.
After a long break of the party, on the year 2021, COMELEC accredited UNIDO as a political entity based in the Southern Tagalog region. It was formally reemerged as a regional political party on April 23, 2022, around two weeks before the May 9, 2022 polls. It was attended by SenatorFrancis Tolentino, senatorial aspirantsRobin Padilla andGilbert Teodoro, re-electionist SenatorJoel Villanueva, as well as AGIMAT party-list representative and Bacoor MayorLani Mercado-Revilla. Also present was UNIDO President Jose Laurel IV, nephew of the party's founding chairman. At the said event hold in Manila Yacht Club, the party announced its support for 2022 presidential candidateBongbong Marcos (son of former PresidentFerdinand Marcos, whom the party assisted in destabilizing his regime) and his running mate, Davao City MayorSara Duterte.[3]
| Election | Leader | Votes | Seats | Position | Government | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Share | No. | ± | Share | ||||
| 1984 | Jose Laurel Jr. | 1,344,607 | 2.27% | 35 / 200 | 34.38% | KBL | ||
| House elections | House seats won | Result | Senate seats won | Ticket | Result | Senate elections |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1987 | 19 / 200 | Lakas ng Bansa / PDP–Laban plurality | 1 / 24 | LABAN | LABAN win 22/24 seats | 1987[a] |
| President | Term start | Term end | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Salvador Laurel | 1980 | 1987 | |
| Jose Laurel IV | 2021 | present | |
| Chairman | Term start | Term end | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aquilino Pimentel Jr. | 1980 | 1987 | |
| President | Term start | Term end | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Salvador Laurel | 1980 | 1987 | |