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Ultra Series | |
---|---|
![]() Official logo | |
Created by | |
Original work | Ultra Q (1966)[4] |
Owner | Tsuburaya Productions[5] |
Years | 1966–present |
Print publications | |
Book(s) | List of books |
Films and television | |
Film(s) | List of films |
Television series | List of television series |
Games | |
Video game(s) | List of video games |
TheUltra Series (Japanese:ウルトラシリーズ,Hepburn:Urutora Shirīzu), also known asUltraman, is a Japanesescience fictionmedia franchise owned and produced byTsuburaya Productions, which began with the television seriesUltra Q in 1966 and became an internationalpop-culture phenomenon. The franchise has expanded into many television shows, films, comic books, and other media publications, becoming one of the most prominent productions in the Japanesetokusatsu andkaiju genres and pioneering theKyodai Hero subgenre. TheUltraman series is centered on a fictional alien race ofsuperheroes who often combatkaiju or other aliens.
In Japan, the Ultraman brand generated $7.4 billion US dollars in merchandising revenue from 1966 to 1987.[6][7] This makes it one of thehighest-grossing media franchises of all time. Ultraman was the world's third top-selling licensed character in the 1980s, largely due to his popularity in Asia.[8] References to Ultraman are abundant inJapanese popular culture, much like references toSuperman in Western culture.[6]
The franchise is centered on the "Ultras" (Japanese:ウルトラ一族,Hepburn:Urutora Ichizoku), a collective term for the fictionalextraterrestrial races spread across itsmulitiverse,[9] with multiple origins given for them.[10][11] The warriors of these continuities gather[12] at a planet within the M78 nebula (M78星雲,Emu-Nanajūhachi seiun),[a] (not to be confused with the realMessier 78)—colloquially called the Land of Light (光の国,Hikari no Kuni). Of the 18 billion populating it, 1 million are part of the Inter Galactic Defence Force (宇宙警備隊,Uchū Keibitai)[14] who maintain peace in the universe from alien invaders and monsters. The Ultras that are sent to other worlds are given Color Timers, or "warning lights", which blink with increasing frequency if an Ultra's energy dwindles.[15] They can thus remain active for only a limited span of minutes before its energy is depleted, although it can be replenished afterwards.[16] The main protagonists of each instalment end up onEarth and merge withhumans, their hosts using devices to summon their Ultra’s unique power.[9]
The showUltraman was followed by many other series. Sequels to the original series are:Ultraseven (1967,TBS),Return of Ultraman (1971, TBS),Ultraman Ace (1972, TBS),Ultraman Taro (1973, TBS),Ultraman Leo (1974, TBS),Ultraman 80 (1980, TBS),Ultraman Tiga (1996,MBS),Ultraman Dyna (1997, MBS),Ultraman Gaia (1998, MBS), andUltraman Cosmos (2001, MBS). After that, the studio made an attempt at reinventing the series through the Ultra N Project, which involved three stages: Ultraman Noa, the mascot of the Ultra N Project, who was mainly used for live stage shows and merchandising in late 2003,Ultraman Nexus (2004,CBC), andUltraman: The Next (2004,Shochiku). This was followed by a return to the old-school series' style in the form ofUltraman Max (2005, CBC). In the course of theMax series, another new hero known as Ultraman Xenon was also introduced. April 2006 saw the 40th anniversary series,Ultraman Mebius, which signaled a long-awaited return to the original universe. Another hero was also introduced:Ultraman Hikari, formerly known as Hunter Knight Tsurugi.
The franchise has also had Ultras introduced in movie theaters, starting withUltraman Zearth andUltraman Zearth 2 in 1996 and 1997 respectively, as well asUltraman: The Next in 2004.
English-language productions include the 1987 animated movieUltraman: The Adventure Begins (known asUltraman USA in Japan) which was produced byHanna-Barbera; 1990 TV seriesUltraman: Towards the Future (Ultraman Great in Japan) which was filmed in Australia; 1993 TV seriesUltraman: The Ultimate Hero (Ultraman Powered in Japan) which was filmed in theUnited States; and 2024 animated filmUltraman: Rising which was produced byNetflix. The Ultraman tokusatsu series have also been dubbed into various languages, including English (Ultraman,Ultraseven,Ultraman Tiga andUltraman Max), Spanish (Ultraman,Ultraseven,Return of Ultraman,Ultraman Great, andUltraman Tiga), Portuguese (Ultraman,Ultraseven,Return of Ultraman,Ultraman Tiga andUltraseven X), French (Ultraman andUltraman 80), Italian (onlyUltraman). Also of note is theAmerican English dub ofUltraman Tiga by4Kids Entertainment that aired in 2002. The dub considerably distorted the characterization and general mood of the series, and it achieved only limited success.
In 1993, Tsuburaya Productions andToei Company co-producedUltraman vs. Kamen Rider, a crossover with the original Ultraman and Toei'sKamen Rider. This direct-to-video feature is co-copyrighted by both Toei (and its subordinates, Toei Video and Ishinomori Productions) and Tsuburaya Productions.
As of 2013[update], Tsuburaya Productions accepts 36 Ultramen as official (counting Ultraman Legend, the combined form of Ultramen Cosmos and Justice, as a separate entity). This figure does not account for Thai-produced Ultramen (the figure is 38 if Next, Noa, and Nexus are counted as separate entities — it has been revealed inNexus that all three are a single being with various modes used by different hosts). In 2013, the Ultra Series was cited in theGuinness Book of World Records as the record-holder for the most spin-off shows.[17] The Ultraman brand generated $7.4 billion in merchandising revenue from 1966 to 1987,[6] equivalent to more than$20 billion adjusted for inflation. Ultraman was the world's third top-selling licensed character in the 1980s, largely due to his popularity in Asia.[8]
TheUltraman manga, which began in 2011, has sold more than 2.8 million copies as of 2018.[18] At the Tokyo Comic Con on 7 December 2017, Tsuburaya Productions revealed that ananime adaptation of themanga was planned for release in 2019.[19] It was released byNetflix.[18]
Ultraman content, products and services have been distributed in more than 100 countries worldwide,as of March 2018[update]. Tsuburaya has officially made their Ultraman and non-Ultraman content widely available on theirYouTube channel, even simulcasting several of their series with English subtitles,[20] the channel has reached over 2 million subscribers.[21] In China, anUltraman television series received1.8 billion views onover-the-top media services between July 2017 and March 2018.[22]
Themanga authorAkira Toriyama, creator ofDragon Ball andDr. Slump, citedUltraman as a formative influence on his work.[23]Peyton Reed, the director of theAnt-Man films in theMarvel Cinematic Universe, said thatAnt-Man's costume design was influenced by Ultraman along withInframan, anothertokusatsu superhero from China.[24] Video game designerHideki Kamiya (known for games such asResident Evil 2,Devil May Cry,Viewtiful Joe,Ōkami,Bayonetta andThe Wonderful 101) said he lovedGodzilla andUltraman as a child.[25]
It was announced in November 2019 thatMarvel Comics has partnered with Tsuburaya Productions to publish Ultraman comic books in 2020.[26][27] As of March 2021[update],Bandai Namco has sold101.87 millionUltraman soft figures (heroes and monsters) since 1983, whileBandai Namco Arts (includingBandai Visual) has sold8.48 millionUltramanhome video units between January 1988 and March 2021.[28]
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Ultraman'slicensing rights outsideJapan have been the subject of a prolonged legal dispute between Tsuburaya Productions and Chaiyo Productions (also called Tsuburaya Chaiyo Co. Ltd) based inThailand. Tsuburaya had previously collaborated with Chaiyo on the production of two movies,The 6 Ultra Brothers vs. the Monster Army andJumborg Ace & Giant—the latter of which featured another Tsuburaya superhero,Jumborg Ace—in 1974.Sompote Saengduenchai, founder/president of Chaiyo Productions, claimed and maintained that in 1976, Noboru Tsuburaya, the son of the late Eiji Tsuburaya, had given him and his company a contract which had given him rights to everything Ultraman outside Japanese territories in exchange for a monetary loan.
In spite of the fact that the document failed to state clearly and specifically exactlywhat had been given to Tsuburaya in exchange for these rights, Japanese and Thai courts accepted this contract as real and binding because of the supposedhanko of the late Noboru Tsuburaya, who had died in 1995, in the document. Tsuburaya Productions insisted and maintained that the contract was a forgery (due to factual errors, including the faulty titles of the series in the document, such asUltra Q being calledUltraman 1: Ultra Q,Ultraseven being calledUltraman 3: Ultraman Seven, and Tsuburaya Productions being calledTsuburaya Prod. and Enterprises, a name the company never did business under), and repeatedly contested the issue.
In the course of the legal battle, Sompote presented photos of himself sharing his photos of Thai Buddhist edifices, stating that Eiji had based Ultraman's face on those edifices, a claim which he has continued to hold since the dispute began. No other evidence supporting this claim is known to exist.
After an eight-year battle in the courts of both countries, Sompote Saengduenchai was awarded a favorable decision on 27 April 2004. The exact ruling fell into some dispute: Some said it only gave him merchandising rights for the first six Ultra Series (Ultra Q throughUltraman Taro) andJumborg Ace outside Japan, and broadcasting rights of those shows within Thailand. Other accounts, usually reported in the Thai/Asian media, said that Chaiyo had gained the rights to those six shows everywhere outside Japan. The latter could be taken as Chaiyo's side of the story, as Tsuburaya was reported in the Japanese media to continue taking further action against them.
Tsuburaya decided not to market any of the disputed six Ultra Series outside Japan until it had completely settled the rights issues with Chaiyo, although the company continued to merchandise and distribute all of the Ultraman programs created afterUltraman Taro, including the theatrical featureUltraman the Next, throughout the world. Because of the copyright struggle, importing literature on Ultraman intoSingapore andMalaysia was prohibited. It also resulted in a slight backlash against Thai Ultraman fans, who were assumed to be outright Chaiyo supporters.
In 2005 the American company BCI Home Entertainment (BCI/Eclipse), a subsidiary ofNavarre Corporation announced they had acquired the DVD license toUltraman from distributor Golden Media Group Inc., a Hollywood-based distributor, who secured the rights from Tokyo-based UM Corp. Inc., acting as the global agent for Chaiyo. A three-disc box set containing the first 20 episodes of the series was released on 18 July 2006, followed by a second three-disc box set containing the remaining 19 episodes was released on 7 November 2006. Both sets feature the Japanesestereo audio, created by Tsuburaya Productions and Pioneer for their Japanese R-2 DVD release in 1999, as well as theEnglish-dubbed version produced byUnited Artists forNorth American syndication. The original Japanesemonaural was not included.
The English audio for Episodes 5 through 39 were not all complete, as BCI sourced private home off-air audio recordings from an unknown television broadcast, which were cut to provide for more commercial time. Therefore, the episodes in question would switch to Japanese audio from English audio to cover the missing gaps. Due to these gaps, BCI's publicity department assumed the original series was edited by UA-TV when it was originally prepared for U.S. syndication. Only minor seconds of extreme violence were trimmed from three episodes, none of which contained dialogue. Tsuburaya Productions had a complete run of the UA-TV's version, which their Los Angeles office, UltraCom Inc., retrieved from a U.S. film warehouse in 1993. In 1994, they provided the English audio for the Expressions in Animation VHS release of the first four episodes, which were sourced for the corresponding episodes in the BCI release.
During the time of the legal battle, Chaiyo came up with three of their own Ultras: Ultraman Millennium, Dark Ultraman (an evil Ultra), and Ultraman Elite. These were not used for purposes other than stage shows and merchandise. Chaiyo also created a TV series that he calledProject Ultraman, unaired as of late March 2008, a joint project in China featuring their own Ultraman and attaching Hong Kong starEkin Cheng to the project.
On 23 August 2006, Tsuburaya Productions filed a new lawsuit against Chaiyo for copyright infringement and plagiarism (concerning their three original Ultraman characters), and the court case was taken toChina. The Chinese courts in Beijing opened "The Ultraman Copyright Study Group" in response to the lawsuit.[29] In April 2007, the Thailand Intellectual Property Court ruled in favor of Tsuburaya Productions, ordering Chaiyo to cease and desist making commercial profits from Chaiyo-produced Ultraman characters such as Millennium, Dark, and Elite. The defendants were also finedTHB 15,000,000 (approx.JPY 50,904,959 or US$428,673.50 c. April 2007) plus interest and attorneys' fees.[30][31]Project Ultraman went on hiatus as a result of the ruling, which implied that, although Chaiyo owned the right tosome of the Ultraman series, it didnot own the right to Ultraman and his brothers, including the design. Chaiyo gained permission to merchandise the original series but lost the right to create and market its own Ultraman, or even use the original, without Tsuburaya's consent.[citation needed]
On 5 February 2008, Thailand's Supreme Court ruled in favor of Tsuburaya Productions of Japan after they made an appeal to the initial ruling. The ruling ended the long legal battle by finding Sompote Saengduenchai wasnot a co-creator of Ultraman. The decision ended Sompote's bid to continue his enterprise, and the court gave Sompote 30 days to stop profiteering from Ultraman. The final ruling saw Tsuburaya Productions as the sole copyright owner. Sompote was also required to pay THB 10,700,000 plus interest at the rate of 7.5 percent a year starting from 16 December 1997, when the original lawsuit was filed.[32]
In 2009, the Thai Intellectual Property Court and the Tokyo District Court both ruled in favour of the Thai company. This led to the Tokyo District Court on 30 September 2010, ordering Tsuburaya Productions Co. of Japan to pay damages of 16.36 million yen (Bt5.9 million) to Sompote Saengduenchai of Thailand for violating his overseas copyrights on the Ultraman characters.[33]
After the announcement of the filmDragon Force: So Long, Ultraman in July 2017, the dispute on the ownership of the franchise has escalated.[34] But on 20 November 2017, through a Los Angeles court ruling by Judge Andre Birotte Jr, Tsuburaya won the lawsuit against Chaiyo and affiliate groups on the rights of the series after the jury concluded that the supposed agreement between Noboru Tsuburaya and Chaiyo was "not authentic".[35][36] Despite UM Corporation and Chaiyo filing a counter-dispute,[37] on 18 April 2018, the legal court came to a definite close where a final judgement states that the dispute and the document was deemed invalid, forbidding UMC to use the Ultra Series and all its related characters and forced them to pay Tsubaraya damages for its infringement of its rights.[38]
With the release of the sequel filmDragon Force: Rise of Ultraman [zh] (Chinese:钢铁飞龙之奥特曼崛起;pinyin:Gāngtiě fēilóng zhī àotèmàn juéqǐ), issues between UMC, Bluearc and Tsubaraya had reignited and the company took legal actions against the two companies again.[39] On 10 December 2019, it was confirmed by Tsuburaya that the court has rejected UMC and Bluearc's appeal for a retrial, stating the court's first verdict of regarding the rights and ownership of Ultraman to Tsuburaya is still legitimate and final, and that any future appeals by UMC and Bluearc will likely be rejected.[40] As UMC and Bluearc failed to file a further appeal by 4 March 2020, they were to pay US$4,000,000 (approx. 400,000,000 Japanese yen) in compensatory damages, as well as other various court fees.[41] The resulting victory has reached Thailand as well and the Thai Supreme Court ordered a ruling in favor Tsuburaya Productions as the legitimate copyright owner of the shows listed in the License Granting Agreement alongside ownership over Hanuman vs. 7 Ultraman (and its remake, Hanuman vs. 11 Ultraman) and Jumborg Ace & Giant.[42] Sompote had made an appeal to the court over the decision, but was dismissed.[43] Sompote believes the decision would affect the former two movies' status as national heritage items, and has appealed to both the Supreme Court and Ministry of Culture on that front.[44]
The legal battles with Chaiyo will likely now come to an end as Sompote Saengduenchai died on the 26th of August 2021.[45][46]
On 6 March 2014, theMalaysian Ministry of Home Affairs announced that it had banned the publication of anUltraman comic bookUltraman: The Ultra Power "due to contents that were detrimental to public order".[47][48] Social media users later noticed that a page in the book described the character of Ultraman King (from the filmMega Monster Battle: Ultra Galaxy) as a god, which in the Malaysian language is the Arabic wordAllah. The Home Ministry later confirmed that the use ofAllah was indeed the reason for the ban, claiming that the comparison may "confuse Muslim children and damage their faith".[49][50] This highlighted the larger ban to prevent non-Muslims in Malaysia from using the wordAllah, despite its common usage inBahasa Melayu to refer to any god, as well as a suit from theCatholic Church of Malaysia over its usage.[51][52]
# | Year | Title | No. of episodes | Line-Up | Era/Period | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1966 | Ultraman | 39 | Classical | Shōwa | |
2 | 1967 | Ultraseven | 49 | |||
3 | 1971 | Return of Ultraman[b] | 51 | |||
4 | 1972 | Ultraman Ace | 52 | |||
5 | 1973 | Ultraman Taro | 53 | |||
6 | 1974 | Ultraman Leo | 51 | |||
7 | 1980 | Ultraman 80 | 50 | |||
8 | 1996 | Ultraman Tiga | 52 | Revival | Heisei | |
9 | 1997 | Ultraman Dyna | 51 | |||
10 | 1998 | Ultraman Gaia | 51 | |||
11 | 2000 | Ultraman Neos | 12 | |||
12 | 2001 | Ultraman Cosmos | 65 | |||
13 | 2004 | Ultraman Nexus | 37 | |||
14 | 2005 | Ultraman Max | 39 | |||
15 | 2006 | Ultraman Mebius | 50 | |||
16 | 2007 | Ultraseven X | 12 | |||
17 | 2013 | Ultraman Ginga | 11 | New Generation[c] | ||
18 | 2014 | Ultraman Ginga S | 16 | |||
19 | 2015 | Ultraman X | 22 | |||
20 | 2016 | Ultraman Orb | 25 | |||
21 | 2016 | Ultraman Orb: The Origin Saga | 12 | |||
22 | 2017 | Ultraman Geed | 25 | |||
23 | 2018 | Ultraman R/B | 25 | |||
24 | 2019 | Ultraman Taiga | 26 | Reiwa | ||
25 | 2020 | Ultraman Z | 25 | |||
26 | 2021 | Ultraman Trigger | 25 | |||
27 | 2022 | Ultraman Decker | 25 | |||
28 | 2023 | Ultraman Blazar | 25 | |||
29 | 2024 | Ultraman Arc | 25 | |||
30 | 2025 | Ultraman Omega | TBD |
Year | Title | No. of episodes | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1966 | Ultra Q | 28 | First entry in theUltra Q subseries and the first series ever of theUltra Series. |
1979 | The Ultraman[d] | 50 | FirstUltramananime series. Animation services was provided byNippon Sunrise. |
1990 | Ultraman: Towards the Future[e] | 13 | First English-language production of theUltraman series. The series was produced byTsuburaya and filmed in Australia. |
1991 | Ultraman Kids: 30 Million Light-Years in Search of Mother | 26 | SecondUltramananime series. Animation services was provided by Trans Arts and Studio Sign. |
1993 | Ultraman: The Ultimate Hero[f] | 13 | Second English-language production of theUltraman series. The series was produced by Tsuburaya and filmed in the United States. |
2004 | Ultra Q: Dark Fantasy | 24 | Second entry in theUltra Q subseries. |
2007 | Ultra Galaxy Mega Monster Battle | 13 | First entry in theUltra Galaxy subseries. |
2008 | Never Ending Odyssey | 13 | Second entry in theUltra Galaxy subseries. |
2013 | Neo Ultra Q | 24 | Third entry in theUltra Q subseries. |
2019 | Ultraman | 31 | ThirdUltraman anime series. Based on 2011Ultraman manga by Eiichi Shimizu (story) and Tomohiro Shimoguchi (art). Animation services was provided byProduction I.G andSola Digital Arts. |
Year | Title | Runtime | Film format |
---|---|---|---|
1967 | Ultraman: Monster Movie Feature | 79 minutes | Compilation |
1974 | The 6 Ultra Brothers vs. the Monster Army![]() | 103 minutes | Feature |
1979 | Ultraman | 102 minutes | Compilation |
1979 | Ultraman: Great Monster Decisive Battle | 100 minutes | Compilation |
1984 | Ultraman Zoffy: Ultra Warriors vs. the Giant Monster Army | 85 minutes | Compilation |
1984 | Ultraman Story | 93 minutes | Feature |
1988 | Space Warriors 2000![]() | 92 minutes | Feature |
1987 | Ultraman: The Adventure Begins![]() | 75 minutes | Animation |
1990 | Ultra Q: Legend of the Stars | 106 minutes | Feature |
1996 | Ultraman Wonderful World
| 103 minutes | Anthology |
1997 | Ultraman Zearth & Ultra Nyan
| 96 minutes | Anthology |
1998 | Ultramen Tiga & Dyna & Ultra Nyan
| 98 minutes | Anthology |
1999 | Ultraman Gaia: The Battle in Hyperspace | 74 minutes | Feature |
2000 | Ultraman Tiga: The Final Odyssey | 85 minutes | Feature |
2001 | Ultraman Cosmos: The First Contact | 89 minutes | Feature |
2002 | Ultraman Cosmos 2: The Blue Planet | 76 minutes | Feature |
2003 | Ultramen Cosmos vs. Justice: The Final Battle | 77 minutes | Feature |
2004 | Ultraman: The Next | 97 minutes | Feature |
2006 | Ultraman Mebius & Ultra Brothers | 93 minutes | Feature |
2008 | Superior 8 Ultra Brothers | 97 minutes | Feature |
2009 | Mega Monster Battle: Ultra Galaxy Legends | 96 minutes | Feature |
2010 | Ultraman Zero: The Revenge of Belial | 100 minutes | Feature |
2012 | Ultraman Saga | 90 minutes | Feature |
2015 | Ultraman Ginga S: The Movie | 65 minutes | Feature |
2016 | Ultraman X: The Movie | 73 minutes | Feature |
2017 | Dragon Force: So Long, Ultraman![]() | 88 minutes | Animation |
2017 | Ultraman Orb: The Movie | 72 minutes | Feature |
2018 | Ultraman Geed: The Movie | 72 minutes | Feature |
2019 | Dragon Force: Rise of Ultraman![]() | 90 minutes | Animation |
2019 | Ultraman R/B: The Movie | 72 minutes | Feature |
2020 | Ultraman Taiga: The Movie | 72 minutes | Feature |
2022 | Ultraman Trigger: Episode Z | 74 minutes | Feature |
2022 | Shin Ultraman | 112 minutes | Feature |
2023 | Ultraman Decker Finale: Journey to Beyond | 75 minutes | Feature |
2024 | Ultraman Blazar: Tokyo Kaiju Showdown | 76 minutes | Feature |
2024 | Ultraman: Rising![]() | 117 minutes | Animation |
2025 | Ultraman Arc: The Clash of Light and Evil | 75 minutes | Feature |
‡ The flags indicate that the films are foreign (co-)productions. indicates unauthorized/unlicensed productions. |
Title | No. of episodes | Release date | |
---|---|---|---|
Heisei Ultraseven | 16 | 1994—2002 | |
| |||
Heisei Ultramen Side Stories | 3 | 2001—2002 | |
| |||
Ultraman Mebius Side Stories | 7 | 2006—2009 | |
| |||
Ultraman Zero Side Stories | 4 | 2010—2011 | |
|
Between 1993 and 1994,Harvey Comics published two comic book series based on the1966Ultraman television series.
In 2003,Dark Horse Comics published a comic book based onUltraman Tiga.[citation needed]
Since 2020,Marvel Comics started publishing an initial newUltraman comic book limited series titledThe Rise of Ultraman, written byKyle Higgins & Matt Groom with art by Francesco Manna. It debuted in September 2020 and concluded in January 2021.[57][58]
A second series titledThe Trials of Ultraman premiered in March 2021, with Higgins, Groom and Manna returning and concluded in August of the same year.[59][60]
A third series titledThe Mystery of Ultraseven, which will be written by Higgins and Groom, and drawn by Davide Tinto, David Lopez, and Gurihiru, was released on August 17, 2022.[61][62]
DuringAnime Expo 2022, Groom teased a crossover event between the currentUltraman comics with theMarvel Universe for 2023.[63] In May 2024, Marvel and Tsubaraya officially announced theUltraman x Avengers limited series to debut for release in August 14, 2024.[64]