Ulanqab 乌兰察布市 •ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ | |
|---|---|
 Huanghuagou, a grassland scenic spot near Ulanqab | |
.svg) Location of Ulanqab City jurisdiction in Inner Mongolia | |
  Ulanqab Location of the city centre in Inner Mongolia | |
| Coordinates (Ulanqab government):40°59′38″N113°07′55″E / 40.994°N 113.132°E /40.994; 113.132 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Autonomous region | Inner Mongolia |
| Municipal seat | Jining District |
| Area | |
| 54,473.6 km2 (21,032.4 sq mi) | |
| • Urban (2017)[1] | 521.6 km2 (201.4 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 2,965.6 km2 (1,145.0 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,378 m (4,521 ft) |
| Population (2020 census[2]) | |
| 1,706,328 | |
| • Density | 31.3239/km2 (81.1286/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 425,059 |
| • Urban density | 814.9/km2 (2,111/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 550,231 |
| • Metro density | 185.54/km2 (480.54/sq mi) |
| GDP[3] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 91.4 billion US$ 14.7 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 43,221 US$ 6,939 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 012000 |
| Area code | (0)474 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-NM-09 |
| Licence Plate Prefix | 蒙J |
| Website | wulanchabu |
| Ulanqab | |||||||
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| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 乌兰察布 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 烏蘭察布 | ||||||
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| Mongolian name | |||||||
| Mongolian Cyrillic | Улаанцав хот | ||||||
| Mongolian script | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ | ||||||
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Ulanqab orUlan Chab (Chinese:乌兰察布;pinyin:Wūlánchábù;Mongolian:ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪUlaɣančab qota;Mongolian Cyrillic:Улаанцав хот) is a region administered as aprefecture-level city in south-centralInner Mongolia, China. Its administrative centre is inJining District, which was formerly a county-level city. It was established as a prefecture-level city on 1 December 2003, formed from the former UlanqabLeague. TheUlanqab Stadium is located in the city.
Ulaan Chab city has an area of 54,473.6 square kilometres (21,032.4 sq mi). It bordersHohhot to the west,Mongolia to the north,Xilin Gol League to the northeast,Hebei to the east andShanxi to the south. As of the 2020 census, its total population was, 1,706,328 inhabitants (2,143,590 in 2010) whom 550,231 inhabitants lived in the built-up (or metro) area made ofJining District andQahar Right Front Banner largely conurbated in its northern part.[2]
The western part of Ulaan Chab used to be part of the now-defunct Chinese province ofSuiyuan.
Ulaan Chab has eleven administrative divisions: onedistrict, onecounty-level city, fivecounties and fourbanners:
| Map | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Mongolian | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010 est.) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | |
| Jining District | ᠵᠢᠨᠢᠩ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ (Jiniŋ toɣoriɣ) | 集宁区 | Jíníng Qū | 356,135 | 418 | 851 | |
| Fengzhen city | ᠹᠧᠩᠵᠧᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ (Fėŋjėn qota) | 丰镇市 | Fēngzhèn Shì | 245,608 | 2,704 | 90 | |
| Zhuozi County | ᠵᠦᠸᠧᠽᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ (Jüvėdzi siyan) | 卓资县 | Zhuózī Xiàn | 136,965 | 3,119 | 43 | |
| Huade County | ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠳᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ (Quvadė siyan) | 化德县 | Huàdé Xiàn | 123,535 | 2,527 | 48 | |
| Shangdu County | ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠳᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ (Šaŋdu siyan) | 商都县 | Shāngdū Xiàn | 234,417 | 4,304 | 54 | |
| Xinghe County | ᠰᠢᠩᠾᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ (Siŋhė siyan) | 兴和县 | Xīnghé Xiàn | 220,067 | 3,519 | 62 | |
| Liangcheng County | ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩᠴᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ (Liyaŋčaŋ siyan) | 凉城县 | Liángchéng Xiàn | 185,954 | 3,451 | 53 | |
| Qahar Right Front Banner (Qahar Barun Garun Omnod Banner) | ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ (Čaqar Baraɣun Ɣarun Emünedü qosiɣu) | 察哈尔右翼前旗 | Cháhā'ěr Yòuyì Qián Qí | 164,434 | 2,734 | 60 | |
| Qahar Right Middle Banner (Qahar Barun Garun Dundad Banner) | ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ (Čaqar Baraɣun Ɣarun Dumdadu qosiɣu) | 察哈尔右翼中旗 | Cháhā'ěr Yòuyì Zhōng Qí | 149,483 | 4,200 | 35 | |
| Qahar Right Rear Banner (Qahar Barun Garun Hoit Banner) | ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ (Čaqar Baraɣun Ɣarun Qoyitu qosiɣu) | 察哈尔右翼后旗 | Cháhā'ěr Yòuyì Hòu Qí | 150,174 | 3,803 | 39 | |
| Dorbod Banner | ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ (Dörbed qosiɣu) | 四子王旗 | Sìzǐwáng Qí | 176,818 | 24,016 | 7 | |
Ulanqab features a coldsemi-arid climate (KöppenBSk), marked by long, cold and very dry winters, warm, somewhat humid summers, and strong winds, especially in spring. More than half of the annual precipitation of around 340 millimetres (13.4 in) falls in July and August alone.
| Climate data for Ulanqab (Jining District), elevation 1,420 m (4,660 ft), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 8.6 (47.5) | 13.5 (56.3) | 21.7 (71.1) | 30.1 (86.2) | 31.9 (89.4) | 35.4 (95.7) | 35.5 (95.9) | 32.5 (90.5) | 32.4 (90.3) | 24.6 (76.3) | 18.3 (64.9) | 8.8 (47.8) | 35.5 (95.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −5.6 (21.9) | −1.1 (30.0) | 5.7 (42.3) | 14.0 (57.2) | 20.3 (68.5) | 24.7 (76.5) | 26.4 (79.5) | 24.8 (76.6) | 19.8 (67.6) | 12.4 (54.3) | 3.1 (37.6) | −4.2 (24.4) | 11.7 (53.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −12.5 (9.5) | −8.3 (17.1) | −1.3 (29.7) | 7.0 (44.6) | 13.7 (56.7) | 18.4 (65.1) | 20.5 (68.9) | 18.7 (65.7) | 13.0 (55.4) | 5.5 (41.9) | −3.4 (25.9) | −10.5 (13.1) | 5.1 (41.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −17.7 (0.1) | −14.0 (6.8) | −7.5 (18.5) | 0.2 (32.4) | 6.7 (44.1) | 11.8 (53.2) | 14.7 (58.5) | 12.8 (55.0) | 6.9 (44.4) | −0.3 (31.5) | −8.3 (17.1) | −15.2 (4.6) | −0.8 (30.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −32.4 (−26.3) | −30.6 (−23.1) | −24.3 (−11.7) | −14.5 (5.9) | −6.0 (21.2) | −0.1 (31.8) | 6.9 (44.4) | 0.0 (32.0) | −6.5 (20.3) | −14.5 (5.9) | −27.8 (−18.0) | −31.6 (−24.9) | −32.4 (−26.3) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 1.6 (0.06) | 2.3 (0.09) | 6.6 (0.26) | 16.3 (0.64) | 31.7 (1.25) | 51.6 (2.03) | 109.3 (4.30) | 69.4 (2.73) | 44.9 (1.77) | 18.9 (0.74) | 6.4 (0.25) | 1.7 (0.07) | 360.7 (14.19) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.0 | 2.3 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 7.0 | 11.7 | 13.3 | 11.1 | 9.1 | 5.1 | 2.7 | 1.9 | 74.4 |
| Average snowy days | 3.3 | 4.4 | 5.3 | 3.4 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.9 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 27.1 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 55 | 48 | 41 | 36 | 38 | 49 | 61 | 62 | 58 | 53 | 55 | 55 | 51 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 206.7 | 212.1 | 252.2 | 264.7 | 278.8 | 255.7 | 250.9 | 250.8 | 230.2 | 235.9 | 201.8 | 195.7 | 2,835.5 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 69 | 70 | 68 | 66 | 62 | 57 | 55 | 59 | 62 | 70 | 69 | 69 | 65 |
| Source 1:China Meteorological Administration[4][5] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather China[6] | |||||||||||||
In the 2000 census, there were 2,284,414 inhabitants:
| Ethnic group | no. of inhabitants | share |
|---|---|---|
| Han | 2,203,345 | 96.45% |
| Mongols | 60,064 | 2.63% |
| Manchu | 11,792 | 0.52% |
| Hui | 7,683 | 0.34% |
| Koreans | 198 | 0.01% |
| Tujia | 185 | 0.01% |
| Miao | 175 | 0.01% |
| Other | 972 | 0.04% |
Ulanqab's transportation network is well-developed, connected by several railways and highways. Some of the railways the pass through the prefecture are theBeijing−Baotou,Jining−Erlianhot, and theJining−Tongliao Railways. Major inter-provincial roads include theG6 Beijing–Lhasa Expressway (京藏高速),China National Highway 110 (Beijing toYinchuan,Ningxia) and208 (Erlianhot, Inner Mongolia toChangzhi,Shanxi). The city is also served byUlanqab Jining Airport.
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