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UEFA European Under-21 Championship

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
European association football tournament for under-21 national teams

Football tournament
UEFA European Under-21 Championship
Organiser(s)UEFA
Founded1978; 47 years ago (1978)
RegionEurope
Teams54 (total)
16 (finals)
Current champions England (4th title)
Most championships Italy
 Spain
(5 titles each)
Websiteuefa.com/under21
2027 UEFA European Under-21 Championship

TheUEFA European Under-21 Championship, theUEFA Under-21 Championship or simply theEuro Under-21, is a biennialfootball competition contested by the European men's under-21 national teams of theUEFA member associations. Since 1992, the competition also serves as the UEFA qualification tournament for theSummer Olympics.

Italy andSpain are the most successful teams in the tournament's history, having won five titles each.England are the current champions, having beatenGermany 3–2 afterextra time in the2025 final.

History

[edit]
Trophy of the UEFA European Under-21 Championship

The competition in its current form has existed since 1978. It was preceded by the Under-23 Challenge Cup, which ran from 1967 to 1970. Bulgaria won the inaugural Challenge Cup in 1967, defeating East Germany 3–2. As defending champions, they faced randomly drawn "challengers" for a single match in Bulgaria. They retained the title three times, twice more in 1967 and once in 1968.[1] By the final edition in 1970, only Bulgaria and Yugoslavia had won the competition.[1]

A proper under-23 championship was then established, starting in 1972. It was held three times in the same format; the eight group winners contested the quarter-finals on a home-and-away basis. The semi-finals and final were also held over two legs.[1] To overcome calendar issues, the qualifying groups were the same as the qualifying groups for the senior World Cup or European Championship, and the matches were played on the same day or weekend. This has changed starting with the2006 edition, when a separate draw was held for the first time to form the qualifying groups.[1]

At the UEFA conference in January 1976, the age limit was lowered to 21 for the1978 tournament, and has remained so ever since.[1] The rules at the time allowed each team to field two players over the age of 21.[1] To be eligible for the campaign ending in 2027, players must be born in 2004 or later. Many may actually be 23 years old by the time of the final tournament; however, when the qualification process began (2025), all players would have been 21 or under.

In 1992, the Under-21 Championship became the European qualifying competition for the Olympic football tournament.[1]

The tournament's record attendance was set during the knockout stage of the2023 edition, when 44,338 spectators gathered for the match between hostsGeorgia andIsrael.[2]

Format

[edit]

Up to and including the1992 competition, all entrants were divided into eight qualification groups, the eight winners of which formed the quarter-finals line-up. The remaining fixtures were played out on a two-legged, home and away basis to determine the eventual winner.

For the1994 competition, one of the semi-finalists,France, was chosen as a host for the (single-legged) semi-finals, third-place play-off and final. Similarly, Spain was chosen to host the last four matches in1996.

For1998, nine qualification groups were used, as participation had reached 46, nearly double the 24 entrants in1976. The top seven group winners qualified automatically for the finals, whilst the eighth- and ninth-best qualifiers,Greece andEngland, played-off for the final spot. The remaining matches, from the quarter-finals onward, were held inRomania, one of the eight qualifiers.

The2000 competition also had nine groups, but the nine winners and seven runners-up went into a two-legged play-off to decide the eight qualifiers. From those, Slovakia was chosen as host. For the first time, the familiar finals group stage was employed, with the two winners contesting a final, and two runners-up contesting the third-place play-off. The structure in2002 was identical, except for the introduction of a semi-finals round after the finals group stage. Switzerland hosted the 2002 finals.

In2004, ten qualification groups were used, with the group winners and six best runners-up going into the play-off. Germany was host that year. For2006, the top two teams of eight large qualification groups provided the 16 teams for the play-offs, held in November 2005. Portugal hosted the finals.

Then followed the switch to odd years. The change was made because the senior teams of many nations often chose to promote players from their under-21s team as their own qualification campaign intensified. Staggering the tournaments allowed players more time to develop in the under-21 team rather than get promoted too early and end up becoming reserves for the seniors.

The2007 competition actually began before the 2006 finals, with a qualification round to eliminate eight of the lowest-ranked nations. For the first time, the host (Netherlands) was chosen ahead of the qualification section. As hosts,Netherlands qualified automatically. Coincidentally, the Dutch team had won the 2006 competition – the holders would normally have gone through the qualification stage. The other nations were all drawn into fourteen three-team groups. The 14 group winners were paired in double-leg play-off to decide the seven qualifiers alongside the hosts.

From2009 to2015, ten qualification groups were used, with the group winners and four best runners-up going into the two-legged play-offs.

The 2015 finals was to be the last eight teams edition, as UEFA expanded the tournament to twelve teams starting from the 2017 edition.[3]

On 6 February 2019, UEFA's Executive Committee increased the number of participants in the finals to sixteen teams, starting from the 2021 edition.[4]

Results

[edit]
Ed.YearHostsFinalLosing semi-finalists
(or third place match)		No. of
teams
WinnersScoreRunners-up
11978Home-and-away basis
Yugoslavia		1–0 /4–4
5–4 onaggregate
East Germany		 Bulgaria and England8
21980Home-and-away basis
Soviet Union		0–0 /1–0
1–0 onaggregate
East Germany		 England and Yugoslavia8
31982Home-and-away basis
England		3–1 /2–3
5–4 onaggregate
West Germany		 Scotland and Soviet Union8
41984Home-and-away basis
England		1–0 /2–0
3–0 onaggregate
Spain		 Italy and Yugoslavia8
51986Home-and-away basis
Spain		1–2 /2–1
3–3 onaggregate
(3–0p)
Italy		 England and Hungary8
61988Home-and-away basis
France		0–0 /3–0
3–0 onaggregate
Greece		 England and Netherlands8
71990Home-and-away basis
Soviet Union		4–2 /3–1
7–3 onaggregate
Yugoslavia		 Italy and Sweden8
81992Home-and-away basis
Italy		2–0 /0–1
2–1 onaggregate
Sweden		 Denmark and Scotland8
91994France
Italy		1–0
(a.e.t.)
Portugal
Spain		2–1
France		8
101996Spain
Italy		1–1
(4–2p)
Spain
France		1–0
Scotland		8
111998Romania
Spain		1–0
Greece
Norway		2–0
Netherlands		8
122000Slovakia
Italy		2–1
Czech Republic
Spain		1–0
Slovakia		8
132002  Switzerland
Czech Republic		0–0
(3–1p)
France		 Italy and  Switzerland8
142004Germany
Italy		3–0
Serbia and Montenegro
Portugal		3–2
(a.e.t.)
Sweden		8
152006Portugal
Netherlands		3–0
Ukraine		 France and Serbia and Montenegro8
162007Netherlands
Netherlands		4–1
Serbia		 Belgium and England8
172009Sweden
Germany		4–0
England		 Italy and Sweden8
182011Denmark
Spain		2–0
Switzerland
Belarus		1–0
Czech Republic		8
192013Israel
Spain		4–2
Italy		 Netherlands and Norway8
202015Czech Republic
Sweden		0–0
(4–3p)
Portugal		 Denmark and Germany8
212017Poland
Germany		1–0
Spain		 England and Italy12
222019Italy
Spain		2–1
Germany		 France and Romania12
232021Hungary
Slovenia
Germany		1–0
Portugal		 Netherlands and Spain16
242023Georgia
Romania
England		1–0
Spain		 Israel and Ukraine16
252025Slovakia
England		3–2
(a.e.t.)
Germany		 France and Netherlands16
262027Albania
Serbia		16

Performances by countries

[edit]
TeamWinnersRunners-upThird place
 Spain5 (1986,1998,2011,2013,2019)4 (1984,1996,2017,2023)2 (1994,2000)
 Italy5 (1992,1994,1996,2000,2004)2 (1986,2013)
 England4 (1982,1984,2023,2025)1 (2009)
 Germany[a]3 (2009,2017,2021)3 (1982,2019,2025)
 Soviet Union2 (1980,1990)
 Netherlands2 (2006,2007)
 Serbia[b]1 (1978)3 (1990,2004,2007)
 France1 (1988)1 (2002)1 (1996)
 Czech Republic1 (2002)1 (2000)
 Sweden1 (2015)1 (1992)
 Portugal3 (1994,2015,2021)1 (2004)
 East Germany2 (1978,1980)
 Greece2 (1988,1998)
 Ukraine1 (2006)
  Switzerland1 (2011)
 Norway1 (1998)
 Belarus1 (2011)
  1. ^Includes West Germany
  2. ^Includes Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro

Comprehensive team results by tournament

[edit]
Legend
  • 1st – Champions
  • 2nd – Runners-up
  • 3rd – Third place
  • 4th – Fourth place
  • SF – Semi-finalists
  • QF – Quarter-finals
  • GS – Group stage
  • q – Qualified for the next tournament
  •     – Hosts
  •  •  – Did not qualify
  •  ×  – Did not enter
  •  ×  – Withdrew before qualification / banned

Teams19781980198219841986198819901992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2007
2009
2011
2013
2015
2017
2019

2021

2023
2025

2027		Total
 Albania×××QF•••••×•••••••••••••••q2
 Austria•×•••••••••••••••••••GS•••1
 BelarusPart of USSRו•••GS••GS3rd•••••••3
 Belgium••••••••••••GS••SF•••••GS•GS•4
 BulgariaSF•••••QF••••••••••••••••••2
 CroatiaPart of Yugoslavia×ו•GS•GS•••••••GSQFGS•5
 Czech Republic1QFQF•••QFQFQFQFQF•2nd1st••GS•4th•GSGS•GSGSGS16
 DenmarkQF•••QF••SF••••••GS••GS•SFGSGSQF•QF10
 East Germany2nd2nd•••••Part of Germany2
 EnglandSFSF1st1stSFSF•••••GSGS••SF2ndGSGSGSSFGSGS1st1st18
 Finland••••••••••••••••GS•••••••GS2
 France••QFQFQF1st••4th3rd••2nd•SF••••••SFQFQFSF12
 GeorgiaPart of USSR×ו•••••••••••••QFGS2
 Germany2××2nd•••QFQF•QFQF••GSGS•1st•GSSF1st2nd1stGS2nd15
 Greece•••••2nd••QF•2nd•GS••••••••••••4
 HungaryQFQF••SF••••QF••••••••••••GS••5
 Iceland××ו•••••••••••••GS••••GS••2
 IsraelNot a UEFA member•••••••GS••GS••••SF•3
 ItalyQFQFQFSF2ndQFSF1st1st1st•1stSF1stGSGSSF•2ndGSSFGSQFGSQF23
 Netherlandsו•••SF•QF••4thGS••1st1st••SF•••SFGSSF10
 North MacedoniaPart of Yugoslavia×ו••••••••••GS••••1
 Norway••••••••••3rd•••••••SF••••GS•3
 Poland••QFQFQF••QFQF•••••••••••GSGS••GS8
 Portugal••×•••••2ndQF••GS3rdGSGS•••2ndGS•2ndQFQF11
 Romania••••••••••QF••••••••••SFGSGSGS5
 RussiaPart of USSRQF•QF•••••••GS•••GS×××4
 Scotland•QFSFQF•QF•SF•4th•••••••••••••••6
 Serbia31stSF•SF••2nd•×ו••2ndSF2ndGS••GSGSGS•••q12
 SlovakiaPart of Czechoslovakia••4th••••••••GS•••GS3
 SloveniaPart of Yugoslavia×ו••••••••••••GS•GS2
 Soviet Union•1stSF•••1st•Soviet Union was dissolved3
 Spain••QF2nd1stQFQF•3rd2nd1st3rd••••GS1st1st•2nd1stSF2ndQF17
 Sweden••••QF•SF2nd••QF••4th••SF••1stGS••••8
  Switzerland••••••••••••SFGS•••2nd••••GSQF•5
 Turkey•••••••••••GS•••••••••••••1
 UkrainePart of USSRו••••2nd••GS•••••SFGS4
Total88888888888888888888121216161616
Notes

Awards

[edit]

Player of the Tournament

[edit]

The Player of the Tournament award, formerly known as theGolden Player, is awarded to the player who plays the most outstanding football during the tournament. Since 2013, an official Player of the Tournament has been selected by the UEFA Technical Team.[5]

YearGolden PlayerRef.
1978Socialist Federal Republic of YugoslaviaVahid Halilhodžić[6]
1980Soviet UnionAnatoliy Demyanenko[7]
1982West GermanyRudi Völler[8]
1984EnglandMark Hateley[9]
1986SpainManolo Sanchís[10]
1988FranceLaurent Blanc[11]
1990Socialist Federal Republic of YugoslaviaDavor Šuker[12]
1992ItalyRenato Buso[13]
1994PortugalLuís Figo[14]
1996ItalyFabio Cannavaro[15]
1998SpainFrancesc Arnau[16]
2000ItalyAndrea Pirlo[17]
2002Czech RepublicPetr Čech[18]
2004ItalyAlberto Gilardino[19]
2006NetherlandsKlaas-Jan Huntelaar[20]
2007NetherlandsRoyston Drenthe[21]
2009SwedenMarcus Berg[22]
2011SpainJuan Mata[23]
2013SpainThiago[24]
2015PortugalWilliam Carvalho[25]
2017SpainDani Ceballos[26]
2019SpainFabián Ruiz[27]
2021PortugalFábio Vieira[28]
2023EnglandAnthony Gordon[29]
2025EnglandHarvey Elliott[30]

Top Scorer

[edit]

The UEFA European Under-21 Championship Top Scorer award, formerly known as theGolden Boot, is handed to the player who scores the most goals during the tournament. Since the 2013 tournament, those who finish as runners-up in the vote receive theSilver Boot andBronze Boot awards as the second and third top goalscorers in the tournament, respectively.

YearFirst placeGoalsSecond placeGoalsThird placeGoalsRef.
2000ItalyAndrea Pirlo3    [31]
2002ItalyMassimo Maccarone3[31]
2004ItalyAlberto Gilardino4[31]
2006NetherlandsKlaas-Jan Huntelaar4[31]
2007NetherlandsMaceo Rigters4[31]
2009SwedenMarcus Berg7[31]
2011SpainAdrián5[31]
2013SpainÁlvaro Morata4SpainThiago3SpainIsco3[32]
2015Czech RepublicJan Kliment3GermanyKevin Volland2SwedenJohn Guidetti2[31]
2017SpainSaúl5SpainMarco Asensio3PortugalBruma3[33]
2019GermanyLuca Waldschmidt7RomaniaGeorge Pușcaș4GermanyMarco Richter3[34]
2021GermanyLukas Nmecha4ItalyPatrick Cutrone3PortugalDany Mota3[35]
2023SpainSergio Gómez
SpainAbel Ruiz
UkraineHeorhiy Sudakov		3    [36]
2025GermanyNick Woltemade6    [37]

Euro Under-21 dream team

[edit]

On 17 June 2015, UEFA revealed an all-time best XI from the previous Under-21 final tournaments.[38]

GoalkeeperDefendersMidfieldersForwards
GermanyManuel NeuerSerbiaBranislav Ivanović
GermanyMats Hummels
ItalyAlessandro Nesta
ItalyGiorgio Chiellini		EnglandFrank Lampard
ItalyAndrea Pirlo
SpainXavi
GermanyMesut Özil		ItalyFrancesco Totti
SpainRaúl

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdefg"How the Under-21 EURO developed".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. 19 June 2023. Retrieved6 February 2025.
  2. ^"Under-21 EURO finals attendance record broken".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. 1 July 2023. Retrieved1 July 2023.
  3. ^"U21 final tournament expanding to 12 teams".UEFA. 24 January 2014.
  4. ^"Aleksander Čeferin re-elected UEFA President until 2023".UEFA. 7 February 2019. Retrieved7 February 2019.
  5. ^UEFA.com (21 June 2013)."Thiago leads all-star squad dominated by Spain".UEFA. Retrieved13 May 2020.
  6. ^"1978: Vahid Halilhodžić".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 21 June 2013.
  7. ^"1980: Anatoliy Demyanenko".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 21 June 2013.
  8. ^"1982: Rudi Völler".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 21 June 2013.
  9. ^"1984: Mark Hateley".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 22 June 2013.
  10. ^"1986: Manuel Sanchís".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 21 June 2013.
  11. ^"1988: Laurent Blanc".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 22 June 2013.
  12. ^"1990: Davor Šuker".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 22 June 2013.
  13. ^"1992: Renato Buso".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 13 June 2013.
  14. ^"1994: Luís Figo".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 21 June 2013.
  15. ^"1996: Fabio Cannavaro".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 22 June 2013.
  16. ^"1998: Francesc Arnau".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 22 June 2013.
  17. ^"2000: Andrea Pirlo".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 21 June 2013.
  18. ^"2002: Petr Čech".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 21 June 2013.
  19. ^"2004: Alberto Gilardino".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 21 June 2013.
  20. ^"2006: Klaas-Jan Huntelaar".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 21 June 2013.
  21. ^"2007: Royston Drenthe".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 21 June 2013.
  22. ^"2009: Marcus Berg".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 22 June 2013.
  23. ^"2009: Juan Mata".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Archived fromthe original on 22 June 2013.
  24. ^"2013: Thiago Alcântara".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. 26 July 2013. Retrieved29 June 2015.
  25. ^"William named U21 EURO player of the tournament".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. 1 July 2015. Retrieved3 July 2015.
  26. ^"Spain's Dani Ceballos named Player of the Tournament".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations.
  27. ^"Fabián Ruiz named SOCAR Player of the Tournament".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations.
  28. ^"2021 Under-21 EURO Player of the Tournament: Fábio Vieira".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. 6 June 2021. Retrieved7 June 2021.
  29. ^"England's Anthony Gordon named 2023 Under-21 EURO Player of the Tournament".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. 8 July 2023. Retrieved8 July 2023.
  30. ^"Harvey Elliott named official Under-21 EURO Player of the Tournament".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. 28 June 2025. Retrieved28 June 2025.
  31. ^abcdefgh"Czech striker Kliment wins Golden Boot award".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. 30 June 2015.
  32. ^Adams, Sam (18 June 2013)."Morata wins Golden Boot in Spanish clean sweep".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved1 July 2017.2013 Under-21 finals top scorers
    Golden Boot: Álvaro Morata, Spain – 4 goals, 1 assist
    Silver Boot: Thiago Alcántara – 3 goals, 1 assist
    Bronze Boot: Isco, Spain – 3 goals
  33. ^"Saúl Ñíguez wins U21 EURO adidas Golden Boot".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. 30 June 2017. Retrieved1 July 2017.Golden Boot: Saúl Ñíguez (Spain) – 5 goals, 1 assist
    Silver Boot: Marco Asensio (Spain) – 3 goals, 1 assist
    Bronze Boot: Bruma (Portugal) – 3 goals
  34. ^"Spain beat Germany for fifth U21 title".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. 30 June 2019. Retrieved30 June 2019.
  35. ^"Germany's Lukas Nmecha wins U21 Top Scorer award".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. 6 June 2021. Retrieved7 June 2021.
  36. ^"Under-21 EURO Top Scorers: Abel Ruiz, Sergio Gómez and Georgiy Sudakov tie".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. 8 July 2023. Retrieved8 July 2023.
  37. ^"Under-21 EURO top scorer: Nick Woltemade".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. 28 June 2025. Retrieved28 June 2025.
  38. ^"Our all-time Under-21 EURO dream team".UEFA. Union of European Football Associations. 17 June 2015. Retrieved25 July 2015.

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[edit]
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