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Apple Inc. uses a large variety oftypefaces in itsmarketing,operating systems, andindustrial design with each product cycle. These change throughout the years with Apple's change of style intheir products. This is evident in the design and marketing of the company. The current logo is a white apple with a bite out of it, which was first utilized in 2013.
For at least 18 years, Apple's corporate typeface was a custom variant of theITCGaramond typeface calledApple Garamond. It was used alongside the Applelogo for product names on computers, in many ads and printed materials, and on the company's website. Starting in 2001, Apple gradually shifted towards usingMyriad in its marketing. Starting with iPhone 7 in 2016, Apple switched the typeface of the word mark "iPhone" toSan Francisco on products and its website.
Prior to adopting the bitten Apple as its logo, Apple used a complex logo featuringIsaac Newton sitting below anapple tree. The wordsAPPLE COMPUTER CO. were drawn on a ribbon banner ornamenting the picture frame. The frame itself held a quotation fromWordsworth: "Newton....A Mind Forever Voyaging Through Strange Seas of Thought...Alone.", taken from Wordsworth's autobiographical poemThe Prelude. The logo was hand drawn and thus did not use an established font. However, the type is similar toCaslon.
Before the introduction of the first Macintosh, Apple used a typeface called Motter Tektura for their company logo and product labels,[1] which was originally designed in Austria by Othmar Motter of Vorarlberger Graphik in 1975 and distributed byLetraset (and also famously used byReebok).[2] At the time, the typeface was considered new and modern. The exact font used by Apple is slightly modified from the standard Motter Tektura: thes is more conventionally shaped, as opposed to the descending "hook" design of the normal typeface, and (with the exception of the Disk II 5.25 drive) the dot over thei is removed.
According to the logo designer,Rob Janoff, the typeface was selected for its playful qualities and techno look, which were in line with Apple's mission statement of making high technology accessible to anyone. Janoff designed the logo in 1977 while working withPalo AltomarketerRegis McKenna.[3] The Apple logo's bite mark was originally designed to fit snugly with the Motter Tekturaa (as in the adjacent red banner).
In the early 1980s, the company logo was simplified by removing "computer ınc.". Motter Tektura is most notably used for theApple II logo. The typeface has sometimes been mislabeled as Cupertino, a similar bitmap font likely created to mimic Motter Tektura.
Since the introduction of thefirst Macintosh in 1984, Apple adopted a new corporate font called Apple Garamond. It was a variation of the classicGaramond typeface, both narrower and having a tallerx-height. Specifically, ITC Garamond (created by Tony Stan in 1977) was condensed to 80% of its normal width.Bitstream condensed the font, subtly adjusted the stroke widths, and performed thehinting required to create the font, which was delivered to Apple as the Postscript font "apgaram".
In cases where the Apple logo was accompanied by text, it was always set in Apple Garamond. Aside from the company name, most of Apple's advertising and marketing slogans, such as "Think different", used the font as well.
The typeface was virtually synonymous with Apple for almost two decades and formed a large part of the company'sbrand recognition. It was used not only in conjunction with the logo, but also in manuals and ads and to label products with model names.
Apple has not released the true Apple Garamond font. ITC briefly sold ITC Garamond Narrow—Apple Garamond without the custom hinting—as part of its Apple Font Pack in the 1990s. A version of the font was also included under a different name in some versions of Mac OS X prior to 10.3 as it was used by the Setup Assistant installation program.
In the marketing of theNewton/Notepad/MessagePadPDA (starting in 1992), Apple usedGill Sans instead of the regularApple Garamond. Gill Sans Regular was used in the logo, for the model name on the computer, on the keyboard and in advertising materials, though it was not used as a screen font (except as part of the Newton logo itself).
In 2002, Apple gradually started using a variant of the AdobeMyriad font family in its marketing and packaging. As new revisions of its products were released, the text changed from the serif Apple Garamond to the sans-serif Myriad Apple. The family's bolds were used for headlines, and other weights accordingly.
The Myriad font family was designed byRobert Slimbach andCarol Twombly forAdobe. Adobe's most recent version of Myriad is Myriad Pro, which has some additional enhancements and character set extensions, but is not significantly changed in design. Myriad Apple, a modification produced by Galápagos Design Group, incorporates minor spacing and weight differences from the standard varieties, and includes Apple-specific characters, such as the company logo. In 2006, Myriad Apple was superseded by Myriad Set, which contains extra ligatures and other minor changes.
As of November 2013, lighter fonts are prevalent in Apple's marketing, with headlines in Myriad Pro Light. Occasionally an even lighter variant of Myriad is used for specialized marketing materials and press releases.
In 2015, with the release of theApple Watch, Apple began the usage ofSan Francisco in Apple Watch marketing materials, as well as in theApple Music wordmark. In September 2016, the company began using it as the typeface of word marks such as "iPhone", "AirPods", and "MacBook Pro" on the devices themselves, as well as keynote slides and product packaging. This change was also reflected in some headlines on product marketing web pages.[4] Subsequently, on January 24, 2017, Apple began updating its website to use the San Francisco font,[5] and as a result it became the company’s universal typeface for all its products.
Apple has used a variety of system fonts for theuser interfaces of its products.
Apple's earliest computers, along with other personal computers of the period, had extremely limited graphical capabilities and could originally display only uppercaseASCII using a set bitmap font. TheIIc and EnhancedApple IIe expanded on this, supporting 40 or 80 columns of text and an extended character set calledMouseText. It was used to simulate simple graphical user interfaces, similar to the use ofANSI X3.64.
The first Apple computer with a purely bitmapped display, theLisa, shipped in 1983. It used a system font with distinctive V and W letterforms.
TheMacintosh, introduced in 1984, used abitmap font,Chicago, designed bySusan Kare. InMac OS 8, introduced in 1997, the system font of Mac OS was changed toCharcoal. Charcoal was designed by David Berlow ofFont Bureau, to be easier to read than Chicago, while retaining similar metrics for backward compatibility with existing application software.
When released in 2001, Apple'siPod music player reused the Macintosh font Chicago as the system font.Later versions of the iPod drew from the larger character repertoire of theTrueTypeChicago, adding a number of characters not present in the bitmap Chicago, such asGreek andCyrillic. Even though the screen supported grayscale, the characters were notanti-aliased.[citation needed]
For smaller user interface elements, such as the names of files displayed with icons in the Finder, Apple used theGeneva typeface, a redesigned version of Helvetica.
Introduced in 1986, theApple IIGS, had very tall pixels in the 640 × 200 pixels mode usually used for productivity applications, with an aspect ratio of 5:12 in a 4:3 image (alternately, 5:6 with 320 × 200 pixels), thus requiring a stout, 8-point bitmap font called Shaston 8 as the system font (for menus, window titles, etc.).[6] Shaston was described in Apple IIGS technote #41 as "a modifiedHelvetica", but the similarities are not striking. The fonts of the original Macintosh were also available for theGS.[6]
In 1991, Apple's Human Interface Group contracted with LetterPerfect Fonts' Garrett Boge and Damon Clark, to design a family of bitmap screen fonts to replace Chicago and Geneva, although Chicago was eventually replaced with Charcoal instead. The family consisted of Sans & Serif, Regular and Bold in discrete bitmap sizes of 8, 9, 10, 12 & 14 pt. The Sans, proving most useful for screen readability, was also used for theNewton OS GUI. The Newton used the font Apple Casual to display text entered using theRosetta handwriting recognition engine in the Newton. The same font found its way into the Rosetta-derived writing recognition system in Mac OS X—Inkwell. TheTrueType font can be made available to any application by copying the font file, which is embedded in a system component, to anyfont folder. (SeeList of macOS fonts for more information.) The Newton logo featured theGill Sans typeface, which was also used for the Newton keyboard.
Espy Sans was later used as the font for Apple'seWorld online service in 1994. (eWorld also used the larger bold condensedbitmap font eWorld Tight for headlines. The metrics of eWorld Tight were based onHelvetica Ultra Compressed.) TheiPod mini, released in 2004, also used Espy Sans.
Since its introduction in 2000 up throughOS X Mavericks,Lucida Grande was the system font used in Mac OS X user interface elements, such as menus, dialog boxes, and other widgets. It was superseded by Helvetica Neue.
Starting in 2004, the iPod photo, 5th-generationiPod, and 1st- through 2nd-generationiPod nano feature a bitmap font known asPodium Sans, displacing the use ofChicago as the iPod system font. Although originally promoted as Myriad, Podium Sans is missing Myriad's trademark features, such as the splayed "M" and distinctive "y".
Since the introduction of the 1st-generation iPhone in 2007, Apple has usedHelvetica in its software design. iOS for the iPhone, iPod touch, iPad, and Apple TV employs the font, alongside its use on iPods beginning with the 6th-generation iPod classic and 3rd-generation iPod nano.
In conjunction with the iPhone 4 in 2010, Apple began using Helvetica Neue on devices with Retina display, while keeping use of Helvetica on non-Retina devices.
Around 2012, Apple started using Helvetica inmacOS (then named OS X) application software.iTunes,iMovie,iPhoto,GarageBand, and Apple's professional applications started to feature heavy use of Helvetica, while the majority of the OS X (now named macOS) environment retained the comparatively more legible Lucida Grande typeface, which was designed specifically for on-screen use.
After the introduction of iOS 7 in June 2013, Apple began using an extra-thin weight of Helvetica Neue for the user interface of iOS 7, arousing numerous complaints about the less legible typography. For the final release of the operating system, Apple changed the system's font to a slightly thicker weight of Helvetica Neue, although some have complained that readability is still compromised compared to the font weight used in former versions of iOS. Older iOS devices continue to use Helvetica or Helvetica Neue in regular font weights that display with higher contrast on low-resolution displays.
With the introduction ofOS X 10.10 "Yosemite" in June 2014, Apple started using Helvetica Neue as the system font on the Mac. This brought all of Apple's user interfaces in line, using Helvetica Neue throughout.
San Francisco is currently used for user interface across all of Apple's product line, includingwatchOS,macOS,iOS,iPadOS,tvOS andvisionOS. The three main variants are SF Pro for macOS, iOS, and iPadOS; SF Compact for watchOS; and SF Mono for the Terminal, Console, and Xcode applications. It was first introduced alongside theApple Watch,[7] where it was used for enhanced legibility and tallerx-heights for easy reading on a small display. The design references a number of different other typefaces, notablyFF DIN (used in the UI of the Camera app iniOS 7 andiOS 8),Helvetica (used in the UI in iOS 6 and below), Helvetica Neue (used in the UI ofiOS 7 andiOS 8 as well asOS X Yosemite, with some devices even withiOS 4 throughiOS 6),Roboto (Google's new UI typeface), andUnivers (used on Apple's early keyboard designs).[citation needed]
It was widely speculated that San Francisco was going to be the long-awaited font that Apple had reportedly been developing for independent use in their products, and the font's name was leaked in November 2014 when theWatchKit SDK was released to developers. On June 8, 2015, at theWWDC 2015 conference, San Francisco replaced Helvetica Neue as the system font for both macOS and iOS operating systems.[8] The version used, known as "SF UI", was modified to make it wider than its Apple Watch counterpart, more akin to the previously used Helvetica Neue. The original version has since been renamed "SF Compact".
In 2019, Apple releasedNew York, a serif counterpart to San Francisco.
Apple's keyboards were long labeled withUnivers 48 (Condensed Light Oblique), a design choice by Apple's industrial design partner,Frog Design. This began in 1984 with theApple IIc, which had tilted front-panel buttons to match the inclination of the lettering.
Univers was eventually replaced on Apple's keyboards byVAG Rounded, which was used on alliBook models,PowerBooks introduced after 2003, andMacBooks,MacBooks Pro,MacBooks Air, and Apple Keyboards from August 2007 until early 2015. The font was developed bySedley Place Ltd. for German car manufacturerVolkswagen and was used in much of their marketing materials.[9]
On March 9, 2015, Apple introduced a new generation ofMacBook[10] that utilizes theApple designedSan Francisco typeface.
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