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Twenty-ninth Dynasty of Egypt

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398–380 BC ancient Egyptian dynasty

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Twenty-ninth Dynasty of Egypt

398 BC–380 BC

The Near East in 400 BC

Capital

Mendes

Common languages

Egyptian

Religion

Ancient Egyptian religion

Government

Absolute monarchy

Historical era

Classical antiquity

• Deposition ofAmyrtaeus

398 BC

• Deposition ofNefaarud II

380 BC

Preceded by

Succeeded by

Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt

Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt

TheTwenty-ninth Dynasty of Egypt (notatedDynasty XXIX, alternatively29th Dynasty orDynasty 29) is usually classified as the fourth Dynasty of theAncient Egyptian Late Period. It was founded after the overthrow ofAmyrtaeus, the only Pharaoh of the28th Dynasty, byNefaarud I in 398 BC, and disestablished upon the overthrow ofNefaarud II in 380 BC.

History

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Periods anddynasties ofancient Egypt

All years areBC

First Dynasty	I	c. 3150–2890
Second Dynasty	II	2890–2686

Old Kingdom

Third Dynasty	III	2686–2613
Fourth Dynasty	IV	2613–2498
Fifth Dynasty	V	2498–2345
Sixth Dynasty	VI	2345–2181

First Intermediate

Seventh Dynasty	VII	spurious
Eighth Dynasty	VIII	2181–2160
Ninth Dynasty	IX	2160–2130
Tenth Dynasty	X	2130–2040
EarlyEleventh Dynasty	XI	2134–2061

Middle Kingdom

LateEleventh Dynasty	XI	2061–1991
Twelfth Dynasty	XII	1991–1803
Thirteenth Dynasty	XIII	1803–1649

Second Intermediate

Fourteenth Dynasty	XIV	1705–1690
Fifteenth Dynasty (Hyksos)	XV	1674–1535
Sixteenth Dynasty	XVI	1660–1600
Abydos Dynasty		1650–1600
Seventeenth Dynasty	XVII	1580–1549

New Kingdom

Eighteenth Dynasty	XVIII	1549–1292
Nineteenth Dynasty	XIX	1292–1189
Twentieth Dynasty	XX	1189–1077

Third Intermediate

Twenty-first Dynasty	XXI	1069–945
Twenty-second Dynasty	XXII	945–720
Twenty-third Dynasty	XXIII	837–728
Twenty-fourth Dynasty	XXIV	732–720
Twenty-fifth Dynasty (Nubian)	XXV	732–653

Late Period

Twenty-sixth Dynasty	XXVI	672–525
Twenty-seventh Dynasty (1st Persian Period)	XXVII	525–404
Twenty-eighth Dynasty	XXVIII	404–398
Twenty-ninth Dynasty	XXIX	398–380
Thirtieth Dynasty	XXX	380–343
Thirty-first Dynasty (2nd Persian Period)	XXXI	343–332

Hellenistic Egypt

Thirty-second Dynasty	XXXII	332–305
Thirty-third Dynasty	XXXIII	305–30

Roman Egypt

Thirty-fourth Dynasty
(Roman Pharaohs)

XXXIV

30 BC – 313 AD

Byzantine Egypt

Thirty-fifth Dynasty
(speculated)

XXXV

379 AD – 641 AD

See also:List of pharaohs by period and dynasty
Periodization of ancient Egypt

Nefaarud I founded the 29th Dynasty (according to an account preserved in apapyrus in theBrooklyn Museum) by defeating Amyrtaeus in open battle, and later putting him to death atMemphis. Nefaarud then madeMendes his capital.

On Nefaarud's death, two rival factions fought for the throne: one behind his sonMuthis, and the other supporting a usurperPsammuthes; although Psammuthes was successful, he only managed to reign for a year.

Psammuthes was overthrown byHakor, who claimed to be the grandson of Nefaarud I. He successfully resistedPersian attempts to reconquer Egypt, drawing support fromAthens (until thePeace of Antalcidas in 387 BC), and from the rebel king ofCyprus,Evagoras. Although his sonNefaarud II became king on his death, the younger Nefaarud was unable to keep hold of his inheritance.

Pharaohs of the 29th Dynasty

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Main article:List of pharaohs

Name of Pharaoh	Reign	Prenomen (Throne name)	Horus-name	Comments
Nefaarud I	398–393 BC	Baenre	Aaib	DefeatedAmyrtaeus in open battle and had him executed
Psammuthes	393 BC	Userra-setepenptah	Aapehtymarsepu	Reigned for only a year. Overthrown by Hakor.
Hakor (Achoris)	393–380BC	Khnummaatre	Aaibmerytawy	Overthrew his predecessor Psammuthes. Father of Nefaarud II.
Nefaarud II	380 BC	(unknown)	(unknown)	Was deposed and likely killed by Nectanebo I after ruling for only 4 months.

Timeline of the 29th Dynasty

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to29th dynasty of Egypt.

References

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Clarysse, Willy (1974), "Nephorites, Founder of the 29th Dynasty and His Name",Chronique d'Égypte: Bulletin Périodique de la Fondation égyptologique Reine Élisabeth,69:215–217.
Lloyd, Alan Brian (2000), "The Late Period (664–332 BC)", in Shaw, Ian (ed.),The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 369–394,ISBN 0-8109-1020-9.
Myśliwiec, Karol (2000),The Twilight of Ancient Egypt: First Millennium B.C.E, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press,ISBN 0-8014-8630-0. Translated by David Lorton.
Ray, John D. (1986), "Psammuthis and Hakoris",Journal of Egyptian Archaeology,72, Egypt Exploration Society:149–158,doi:10.2307/3821486,JSTOR 3821486.
Traunecker, Claude (1979),"Essai sur l'histoire de la XXIXe dynastie"(PDF),Bulletin de l'Institut français d'archéologie orientale,79:395–436, archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2016-04-23.

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