Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1077 BC–943 BC | |||||||||
 Gold funerary mask of pharaohPsusennes I | |||||||||
| Capital | Tanis | ||||||||
| Common languages | Egyptian language | ||||||||
| Religion | Ancient Egyptian Religion | ||||||||
| Government | Absolute monarchy | ||||||||
| Historical era | Third Intermediate Period of Egypt | ||||||||
• Established | 1077 BC | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 943 BC | ||||||||
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TheTwenty-first Dynasty of Egypt (notatedDynasty XXI, alternatively21st Dynasty orDynasty 21) is usually classified as the first Dynasty of theAncient EgyptianThird Intermediate Period, lasting from 1077 BC to 943 BC.
After the reign ofRamesses III, a long, slow decline of royal power inEgypt followed. The pharaohs of the Twenty-first Dynasty ruled fromTanis, but were mostly active only inLower Egypt, which they controlled. This dynasty is described as 'Tanite' because its political capital was based at Tanis. Meanwhile, theHigh Priests of Amun at Thebes effectively ruled Middle and Upper Egypt in all but name. The later Egyptian PriestManetho of Sebennytos states in his Epitome on Egyptian royal history that "the 21st Dynasty of Egypt lasted for 130 years".[1]
| Pharaoh | Image | Prenomen (Throne name) | Horus-name | Reign | Burial | Consort(s) | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smendes / Nesbanebdjed I |  | Hedjkheperre Setepenre | Kanakhtmeryreseuser Amunkhepesheferseqamaat | 1077 - 1051 BC | unknown | Tentamun | Only controlledLower Egypt during his reign. Founder of the 21st Dynasty. |
| Amenemnisu |  | Neferkare Heqawaset | (unknown) | 1051 - 1047 BC | unknown | ||
| Psusennes I / Hor-Pasebakhaenniut I | .jpg) | Akheperre Setepenamun | Kanakhtemdedamun Userfausekhaemwaset | 1047 - 998 BC | NRT III,Tanis | Mutnedjemet Wiay | Precise length of reign unknown. Either 49 years or maximum 50 years. |
| Amenemope |  | Usermaatre Setepenamun | (unknown) | 1000 - 991 BC | Tanis | Manetho writes in his Epitome that Amenemope ruled Egypt for 9 years with first 2-3 years in co-regency with Psusennes I. | |
| Osorkon the Elder |  | Akheperre Setepenre | (unknown) | 991 - 985 BC | unknown | Osorkon the elder ruled Egypt for 6 years. | |
| Siamun |  | Netjerkheperre Setepenamun | Kanakhtmerymat Sameryenamunperemhauef | 985 - 966 BC | unknown | Siamun is believed to have ruled Egypt for 19 years. Egyptologists have amended Manetho's figure of 9 years for this king to [1]9 years based on a Year 17 known for him in the Karnak Priestly Annals | |
| Psusennes II / Hor-Pasebakhaenniut II |  | Titkheperure Setepenre | (unknown) | 966 - 943 BC | unknown |
