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Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt

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404–398 BC single-pharaoh ancient Egyptian dynasty

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Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt

404 BC–398 BC

Capital

Sais

Common languages

Egyptian language

Religion

Ancient Egyptian Religion

Government

Absolute monarchy

Historical era

Classical antiquity

• End of Satrapy

404 BC

• Deposition ofAmyrtaeus

398 BC

Preceded by

Succeeded by

Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt

Twenty-ninth Dynasty of Egypt

Periods anddynasties ofancient Egypt

All years areBC

First Dynasty	I	c. 3150–2890
Second Dynasty	II	2890–2686

Old Kingdom

Third Dynasty	III	2686–2613
Fourth Dynasty	IV	2613–2498
Fifth Dynasty	V	2498–2345
Sixth Dynasty	VI	2345–2181

First Intermediate

Seventh Dynasty	VII	spurious
Eighth Dynasty	VIII	2181–2160
Ninth Dynasty	IX	2160–2130
Tenth Dynasty	X	2130–2040
EarlyEleventh Dynasty	XI	2134–2061

Middle Kingdom

LateEleventh Dynasty	XI	2061–1991
Twelfth Dynasty	XII	1991–1803
Thirteenth Dynasty	XIII	1803–1649

Second Intermediate

Fourteenth Dynasty	XIV	1705–1690
Fifteenth Dynasty (Hyksos)	XV	1674–1535
Sixteenth Dynasty	XVI	1660–1600
Abydos Dynasty		1650–1600
Seventeenth Dynasty	XVII	1580–1549

New Kingdom

Eighteenth Dynasty	XVIII	1549–1292
Nineteenth Dynasty	XIX	1292–1189
Twentieth Dynasty	XX	1189–1077

Third Intermediate

Twenty-first Dynasty	XXI	1069–945
Twenty-second Dynasty	XXII	945–720
Twenty-third Dynasty	XXIII	837–728
Twenty-fourth Dynasty	XXIV	732–720
Twenty-fifth Dynasty (Nubian)	XXV	732–653

Late Period

Twenty-sixth Dynasty	XXVI	672–525
Twenty-seventh Dynasty (1st Persian Period)	XXVII	525–404
Twenty-eighth Dynasty	XXVIII	404–398
Twenty-ninth Dynasty	XXIX	398–380
Thirtieth Dynasty	XXX	380–343
Thirty-first Dynasty (2nd Persian Period)	XXXI	343–332

Hellenistic Egypt

Thirty-second Dynasty	XXXII	332–305
Thirty-third Dynasty	XXXIII	305–30

Roman Egypt

Thirty-fourth Dynasty
(Roman Pharaohs)

XXXIV

30 BC – 313 AD

Byzantine Egypt

Thirty-fifth Dynasty
(speculated)

XXXV

379 AD – 641 AD

See also:List of pharaohs by period and dynasty
Periodization of ancient Egypt

TheTwenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt (notatedDynasty XXVIII, alternatively28th Dynasty orDynasty 28) is usually classified as the third dynasty of theAncient Egyptian Late Period. The 28th Dynasty lasted from 404 BC to 398 BC and it includes only onePharaoh,Amyrtaeus (Amenirdis), also known as Psamtik V or Psammetichus V. Amyrtaeus was probably the grandson of the Amyrtaeus of Sais, who carried on a rebellion in 465–463 BC with the Egyptian chief,Inarus (himself a grandson ofPsamtik III), against thesatrap Achaemenes ofAchaemenid Egypt.

History

[edit]

At the end of the 5th century BC, Amyrtaeus, a native Egyptian, revolted againstDarius II, theAchaemenid Persian King and the last Pharaoh of the 27th Dynasty. Amyrtaeus succeeded in expelling the Persians from Memphis in 405 BC with assistance from Cretan mercenaries, and in 404 BC, following the death of Darius, proclaimed himself Pharaoh of Egypt.Artaxerxes II, Darius' successor as King of Persia, attempted to lead an expedition to retake Egypt but he failed to do so, due to political problems with his brother,Cyrus the Younger. This allowed Amyrtaeus to consolidate his rule over Egypt.

Very little is known about Amyrtaeus' reign. No monuments from this dynasty have been found.

In 398 BC Amyrtaeus was overthrown and executed byNefaarud I, ending the 28th Dynasty and beginning the 29th Dynasty.^[1]

Pharaohs of the 28th Dynasty

[edit]

Main article:List of pharaohs

Name of Pharaoh	Cartouche	Reign	Throne Name	Comments
Amyrtaeus / Amenirdisu / Psamtik V / Psammetichus V		404-398 BC		Founder of 28th Dynasty

References

[edit]

^David, Klotz (2015-09-19)."Persian Period".UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology.1 (1).

Sources

[edit]

O. Perdu, 'Saites and Persians (664-332),' in A.B. Lloyd (ed.),A Companion to Ancient Egypt (Chichester, 2010), 140-58 (at 153–7).
J.D. Ray, 'Egypt: Dependence and Independence (425-343 B.C.)', inAchaemenid History 1 (Leiden, 1987), 79–95.

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