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Tushino (Russian:Тушино,IPA:[ˈtuʂɨnə]) is a former village and town to the north ofMoscow, which has been part of the city's area since 1960. Between 1939 and 1960, Tushino was classed as a separate town. TheSkhodnya River flows across the southern part of Tushino.
The village was attested since the late 14th century as anestate ofboyar Vasili Ivanovich Kvashnin-Tusha and later his sons Pyotr and Semyon.[citation needed] In the middle of the 16th century, the village and the nearby Saviour Monastery were acquired by theTroitse-Sergiyeva Lavra. One of the finest of Russiantent-like churches was built in the monastery underIvan the Terrible.
In the late 16th century, the monastery used to provide lodging for foreigndiplomatic missions before their arrival in Moscow. During theTime of Troubles,False Dmitry II and his supporters settled in Tushino between 1608 and 1610. The Tushino camp was a replica of the Muscovite court, having its ownprikazes andthe Patriarch. From here, False Dmitry II laid siege to theMoscow Kremlin.
In December 1609, the "тушинский вор" ("rebel/criminal of Tushino") (as the impostor came to be known) and his wifeMarina Mniszech fled from Tushino toKaluga after losing Polish support. In 1610, the combined Russo-Swedish army ofMikhail Skopin-Shuisky andJacob de La Gardie forced False Dmitry's supporters out of Tushino. Thereafter the monastery was disbanded, and the village declined.
In the second half of the 19th century, Tushino saw the first industrial enterprises, such aswindmills and atextile mill. In the 1920s, they built Tushino Stocking Factory. In 1929, theSoviets established a flying school of theOsoaviakhim (Осоавиахим, which is short for the Society for Support of the Defense, Aviation, and Chemical Industries) and thenTushino Airfield with research facilities andaircraft factories next to Tushino.
The Tushino workers took an active part in the revolutionary movement:people's militia was created in 1905 and made an unsuccessful attempt to take over a train with weapons during the December fighting in Moscow (12 December). After the suppression of the uprising, a Cossack punitive expedition was sent to Tushino. In October 1917, local workers supported the Bolsheviks and the slogan "All Power to the Soviets".[citation needed] At the Tushino-Guchkov Council Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, a revolutionary committee was created, which with the help of the Red Guards seized control of the vicinity of the station; a significant number of local Red Guards took part in the October fighting in Moscow. 104 people were sent to Moscow from "Explorer" (factory). 17 Red factory Hutareva (ex. Suvirovoy)[clarification needed] in Bratsevo returned after the fighting and found the factory gates closed. They arrested the owner, who fled. The result, however, was that in the early 20s untilcollectivization, factories did not work, except for Brattsevskoy.[citation needed]
A flight school was founded near Tushino in 1929, followed by a glider factory in 1930.
55°49′53″N37°26′24″E / 55.83139°N 37.44000°E /55.83139; 37.44000
