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Turu language

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Bantu language spoken in Tanzania

Not to be confused withIau language.

Turu
Nyaturu
Kιnyatυrυ,Kιrιmi
Native to	Tanzania
Ethnicity	Turu
Native speakers	600,000 (2006)^[1]
Language family	Niger–Congo? Atlantic–Congo Volta-Congo Benue–Congo Bantoid Southern Bantoid Bantu Nyaturu-Nilamba-Isanzu Turu
Language codes
ISO 639-3	`rim`
Glottolog	`nyat1246`
Guthrie code	`F.32`^[2]

Tυrυ
Person	Mυnyatυrυ, Mυrιmi
People	Wanyatυrυ, Arιmi
Language	Kιnyatυrυ, Kιrιmi
Country	Unyatυrυ, Urιmi

TheTuru orNyaturu language,Kinyaturu, also known asRimiKirimi, is aBantu language of spoken by theWanyaturu also known asArimi of theSingida region ofTanzania. Excluding the Bantu language prefixesKe- andKi-, other spellings of the language areLimi andRemi. Dialects of the three Turu tribes areGirwana of theAirwana (Wilwana) in the north,Giahi of theVahi (Wahi) in the south and west, andGinyamunyinganyi of theAnyiŋanyi (Wanyinganyi) in the east.

Phonology

[edit]

Consonants

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		Bilabial			Alveolar			Post-alv./ Palatal		Velar			Uvular		Glottal
		plain	lab.	pal.	plain	lab.	pal.	plain	lab.	plain	lab.	pal.	plain	lab.	plain	lab.
Nasal		m	mʷ	mʲ	n	nʷ		ɲ	ɲʷ	ŋ	ŋʷ
Plosive/ Affricate	voiceless	p			t			t͡ʃ	t͡ʃʷ	k	kʷ	kʲ
	voiced	b	bʷ		d	dʷ		d͡ʒ	d͡ʒʷ	ɡ	ɡʷ
	prenasal vl.	ᵐp	ᵐpʷ	ᵐpʲ	ⁿt	ⁿtʷ	ⁿtʲ	ᶮt͡ʃ	ᶮt͡ʃʷ	ᵑk	ᵑkʷ
	prenasal vd.	ᵐb	ᵐbʷ	ᵐbʲ	ⁿd	ⁿdʷ	ⁿdʲ	ᶮd͡ʒ	ᶮd͡ʒʷ	ᵑɡ	ᵑɡʷ
Fricative	voiceless	ɸ	ɸʷ	ɸʲ	s	sʷ	sʲ			x	xʷ				h	hʷ
	voiced	β		βʲ						ɣ	ɣʷ		ʁ	ʁʷ
	prenasal				ⁿs	ⁿsʷ				ᵑx	ᵑxʷ		ᶰʁ
Flap	voiceless				ɾ̥	ɾ̥ʷ	ɾ̥ʲ
Flap	voiced				ɾ	ɾʷ	ɾʲ
Approximant					l	lʷ	lʲ	j	jʷ	w

Vowels

[edit]

	Front	Central	Back
Close	iiː		uuː
Near-close	ɪɪː		ʊʊː
Mid	eeː		ooː
Open		aaː

Short vowel sounds /e, o/ may also be heard as more open [ɛ, ɔ] as allophones.^[3]

References

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^Turu atEthnologue (18th ed., 2015)(subscription required)
^Jouni Filip Maho, 2009.New Updated Guthrie List Online
^Olson, Howard S. (May 1964).The Phonology and Morphology of Rįmi (PhD thesis). Hartford CT: Hartford Seminary Foundation.

Languages of Tanzania

Official languages

Indigenous
languages

Bantu

Northeast
Bantu

Bena–Kinga	Bena Hehe Kinga Kisi Manda Pangwa Sangu Vwanji
Chaga	Central Kilimanjaro Mochi Gweno Rombo Rusa West Kilimanjaro
Great Lakes	Ha Hangaza Ikizu Ikoma Jita Kabwa Kara Kerewe Kuria Kwaya Ngoreme Nyambo Suba-Simbiti Sumbwa Vinza Zanaki Zinza
Kikuyu–Kamba	Sonjo
Northeast Coast	Digo Doe Gogo Kagulu Kami Kutu Kwere Luguru Ngulu Sagara Shambala Vidunda Zaramo
Takama	Holoholo Iramba Isanzu Kimbu Nyamwezi Sukuma Turu

Other Bantu

Isolates/unclassified

Sign languages

7 school sign languages

NarrowBantu languages (Zones E–H) (byGuthrie classification)

Zone E

[J]E10	[J]E11Nyoro [J]E12Tooro [J]E13Nyankore [J]E14Ciga [J]E15Ganda [J]E16Soga [J]E17Gwere [J]E18Nyala [JE101Gungu JE102Talinga-Bwisi JE103Ruli JE121Hema
[J]E20	[J]E21Nyambo [J]E22Ziba [J]E23Dzindza [J]E24Kerebe [J]E25Jita [JE221Rashi JE251Kwaya JE252Kara JE253Ruri
[J]E30	[J]E31aGisu [J]E31bKisu [J]E31cBukusu [J]E32aHanga [J]E32bTsotso [J]E33Nyore [J]E34Saamia [J]E35Nyuli [JE341Xaayo JE342Marachi JE343Songa
[J]E40	[J]E41Logooli [J]E42Gusii [J]E43Koria [J]E44Zanaki [J]E45Nata E46Sonjo [JE401Nguruimi JE402Ikizu JE403Suba/Suba-Simbiti JE404Shashi JE405Kabwa JE406Singa JE407Ware JE411Idaxo JE412Isuxa JE413Tiriki JE431Simbiti JE432Hacha JE433Surwa JE434Sweta
E50	E51Kikuyu E52Embu E53Meru E54Saraka E55Kamba E56Daiso [E531Mwimbi-Muthambi E541Cuka
E60	E61[621a]Rwo E62a[621b,622a]Hai E62b[622c]Wunjo E62c[623]Rombo E63Rusa E64Kahe E65Gweno
E70	E71Pokomo E72aGyriama E72bKauma E72cConyi E72dDuruma E72eRabai E73Digo E74aDabida E74b[741]Sagala [E701Elwana E731Segeju E732Degere E74Taita

Zone F

F10	F11Tongwe F12Bende
[J]F20	[J]F21Sukuma [J]F22Nyamwezi [J]F23Sumbwa [J]F24Kimbu [J]F25Bungu
F30	F31Nilamba F32Remi F33Langi F34Mbugwe

Zone G

G10	G11Gogo G12Kaguru
G20	G21Tubeta G22Asu G23Shambala G24Bondei [G221Mbugu
G30	G31Zigula G32Ngwele G33Zaramo G34Ngulu G35Ruguru G36Kami G37Kutu G38Vidunda G39Sagala [G301Doe G311Mushungulu
G40	G41Tikuu G42aAmu G42bMvita G42cMrima G42dUnguja G43aPhemba G43bTumbatu G43cHadimu G44aNgazija G44bNjuani [G402Makwe G403Mwani G404Sidi G411Socotra Swahili G412Mwiini
G50	G51Pogolo G52Ndamba
G60	G61Sango G62Hehe G63Bena G64Pangwa G65Kinga G66Wanji G67Kisi [G651Magoma

Zone H

H10	H11Beembe H12Vili H13Kunyi H14Ndingi H15Mboka H16aSouth Kongo H16bCentral Kongo H16cYombe H16dFiote H16eBwende H16fLaadi H16gEast Kongo H16hSoutheast Kongo [H111Hangala H112Kamba-Doondo H131Suundi
H20	H21aKimbundu H21bMbamba H22Sama H23Bolo H24Songo
H30	H31Yaka H32Suku H33 [L12b]Hungu H34Mbangala H35Sinji [H321Soonde
H40	H41Mbala H42Hunganna

Italics indicateextinct languages.
Languages between parentheses arevarieties of the language on their left.

TheGuthrie classification is geographic and its groupings do not imply a relationship between the languages within them.

Narrow Bantu languages by Guthrie classification zone templates: Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B); Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D); Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H); Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones J–M); Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones N–S)

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