| Turin Metro | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
 | |||
| Overview | |||
| Native name | Metropolitana di Torino | ||
| Locale | Turin,Piedmont,Italy | ||
| Transit type | Rapid transit | ||
| Number of lines | 1 | ||
| Number of stations | 23[1] | ||
| Daily ridership | 155,000[2] | ||
| Annual ridership | 42.5 million (2018)[3] | ||
| Operation | |||
| Began operation | February 4, 2006; 19 years ago (2006-02-04) | ||
| Operator(s) | Gruppo Torinese Trasporti (GTT) | ||
| Number of vehicles | 58(2009)[4][a] | ||
| Train length | 52 m (171 ft) | ||
| Headway | 2 minutes | ||
| Technical | |||
| System length | 15.1 km (9 mi 31 ch)[1] | ||
| Track gauge | 1,620 mm (5 ft 4 in) | ||
| Electrification | 750 V DC third rail | ||
| Average speed | 33 km/h (21 mph)[1] | ||
| Top speed | 80 km/h (50 mph)[1] | ||
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TheTurin Metro (Italian:Metropolitana di Torino) is the modern driverlessVALrapid transit system servingTurin. It is operated byGruppo Torinese Trasporti (GTT), a public company controlled by the municipality ofTurin. The system comprises one 15.1-kilometre (9 mi 31 ch) line with 23 stations connecting Fermi station inCollegno with PiazzaBengasi in Turin, near the border with the municipality ofMoncalieri.[1]
The history of metro in Turin begins in 1930s, when the first project of an underground railway was put forward. However, only a part of the first tunnel was built, and the actual project was put aside. Nowadays, the tunnel is part of an underground parking system.
A new company committed to the development of a metro system in Turin was founded in 1960s. Several projects and feasibility studies were made for a 7 km (4.3 mi) underground line under the city centre and then for a line connectingFIAT factories to surrounding neighborhoods, but eventually all the proposals were rejected.
In the mid-1980s, a new proposal for a system of 5fast tram lines at-grade was approved. However, only the planned line 3 was built following the original project, while the others eventually were built either as regular tram lines, with no dedicated lane, or as bus lines.
A new project was approved in 1995 for a line running fromCampo Volo on the west border of the city toPorta Nuova, the main railway station in Turin. The project was put in hold due to lack of funds.
The project for the underground line was resumed in April 1999 with a longer route toLingott based on theVAL system. Works on the line began on 19 December 2000, part of the works for the Turin2006 Winter Olympics. The first section fromFermi toXVIII Dicembre was opened on 4 February 2006, while the second section on the south toPorta Nuova opened on 5 October 2007.Porta Susa station opened later on 9 September 2011. The last part of the line on the south toLingotto was inaugurated on 6 March 2011.[5]
Two additional stations, reaching the Southern boundary of the city, were built between 2012 and 2021. These stations areItalia '61, serving the newPiedmont Region Headquarters, andBengasi, named for the piazza under which it is located. They were opened on 23 April 2021.
| Section | Date | Route |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4 February 2006 | Fermi – XVIII Dicembre |
| 2 | 5 October 2007 | XVIII Dicembre – Porta Nuova |
| 3 | 6 March 2011 | Porta Nuova – Lingotto |
| 4 | 23 April 2021 | Lingotto – Bengasi |
| Line | Terminals | Opened | Newest extension | Length | Stations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Line 1 | Fermi – Bengasi | 4 February 2006[1] | 23 April 2021[1] | 15.1 km (9.4 mi)[1] | 23[1] |
From May 2018, the single journey ticket costs €1.70 and it includes the urban line and the suburban line for 100 minutes. Moreover, any form of urban transport season ticket is valid also for the metro system.[6]
Turin metro starts operating at 5:30 from Monday to Saturday and at 7:00 on Sundays. It closes at 22:00 on Mondays, at 00:30 from Tuesday to Thursday, at 1:30 on Friday and Saturday and at 1:00 on Sundays.[7]
A further Western extension is planned to reach the boundaries ofCollegno and the city ofRivoli. In December 2017, the city approved the first stage of the project, valued at €123.7 million, to construct two already named stations: Certosa, which will interchange with thecentral railway station of the city of Collegno, and Collegno Centro, serving its central market area. An additional two stations, including one in the Leumann Village neighbourhood and another in the Cascine Vica district of Rivoli, were allocated €148 million.[8] TheMinistry of Infrastructure and Transport expects the extension to Cascine Vica to be completed by Summer 2023.[9]
On 30 August 2017, a contract to create the preliminary design for a second line was awarded to Systra, a French conglomerate.[10] The line will connect South-Western suburbs of the city (Orbassano andBeinasco) with the northern district ofBarriera di Milano. The first 26 stations had already been defined, starting from Mirafiori Sud district to Barriera di Milano, crossing the Line 1 atPorta Nuova station and serving key points asPolitecnico di Torino University and Piazza Castello, one of the major central squares of the city.
Part of the Southern track will be elevated to reduce building costs (starting from Piazza Cattaneo to Cimitero Sud). On Northern side, from Vanchiglia to Rebaudengo, it will follow an old (currently abandoned) railway track, which was used to connect the old and abandonedscalo Vanchiglia freight terminal to the mainTurin railway.
Preliminary analysis conducted by Systra in the Spring of 2018 resulted in some changes to this original alignment. The following June, public consultations were announced and the new alignment, with the list of 23 planned stations was published on the city's website.[11] In December 2018, the preliminary project was submitted to the Ministry of Transportation for funding approval, with an objective to start the bidding process by 2021.[12] In 2019, the Italian government committed €828 million in funding for Line 2's total projected €3 billion cost, with construction due to begin in 2021 for a 2028 opening.[13]
| List of planned stations of the Turin Metro Line 2 |
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In the future, a 4 station extension could cover suburbs ofBeinasco andOrbassano to reach terminusPasta di Rivalta in the city ofRivalta di Torino.
The former mayor of Turin,Chiara Appendino, publicly supported the idea of a third line for the city's Metro system.[14] Campaign literature, published on the then candidate's website during theTurin municipal election, 2016, show Line 3 using tracks that formally served theFerrovia Torino-Ceres railway.[15] Potential stations would serve the community ofVenaria Reale, theJuventus Stadium andTurin International Airport. Since the election,Deputy Mayor and Chief ofUrban PlanningGuido Montanari has expressed interest in readapting the Torino-Ceres line to be part of the city's Metro network.[16] After which the city council decided to keep the railway lineTorino-Ceres with a new tunnel and a new station, called Torino Grosseto.
In 2019, the mayor ofVenaria, together with the first citizens ofPianezza,Druento,Cafasse,Alpignano,Fiano andVal della Torre, presented a new proposal of metro to the mayor ofTurinChiara Appendino.The route will include the west part of the city: Torino Dora railway station,Juventus Stadium, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Maria Vittoria Hospital, San Donato district, Campidoglio, Parella, Cenisia, San Paolo, Mirafiori Nord and Caio Maio Square. The metro will would provide for interchange in three stations:Rivoli, Pitagora,Bengasi.[17]
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Italics: under construction. | |
