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| Tsugphud Namgyal | |
|---|---|
 Illustration of Tsugphud Namgyal | |
| Chogyal of Sikkim | |
| Reign | 1793–1863 |
| Predecessor | Tenzing Namgyal |
| Successor | Sidkeong Namgyal |
| Born | 1785 (1785) |
| Died | 1863 (aged 77–78) |
| Spouse | Maharani Menchi |
| Issue | Sidkeong Namgyal Thutob Namgyal |
| House | Namgyal dynasty |
| Father | Tenzing Namgyal |
| Mother | Gyalyum Anyo |
| Religion | Buddhism |
Tsugphud Namgyal (Sikkimese:གཙུག་ཕུད་རྣམ་རྒྱལ་;Wylie:gtsug phud rnam rgyal) (1785–1863) was king ofSikkim from 1793 to 1863.[1] He gained independence fromNepal in 1815 and ruled under a Britishprotectorate from 1861.
Under his fatherTenzing Namgyal, most of Sikkim was appropriated by Nepal. Tshudpud Namgyal returned to Sikkim in 1793 to reclaim the throne. Because the capital ofRabdentse was too close to the Nepalese border, he shifted the capital toTumlong. His mother wasGyalyum Anyo, a daughter of Chandzod Karwang.
Sikkim allied itself with theBritish in India, who also considered Nepal an enemy. Nepal overran most of the region, sparking theGurkha War in 1814 with theBritish East India Company. TheSugauli Treaty andTreaty of Titalia returned the annexed territory to Sikkim in 1817.
In 1835, Tsugphud Namgyal cededDarjeeling to theEast India Company for an annual fee, but this relationship was broken off after he seized botanistJoseph Hooker and Darjeeling SuperintendentArchibald Campbell during their expedition to Sikkim. This led to two British military expeditions in 1850 and 1861, resulting in the annexation of Sikkim by 1861. Under theTreaty of Tumlong signed by his successorSidkeong Namgyal in the same year, Tshudpud was granted the title of Maharaja of Sikkim by the British, and he abdicated the following year. At his death in 1863, aged 78, he had ruled Sikkim for 69 years, making him the longest-reigning Chogyal in history as well as the oldest ever Chogyal of Sikkim.[citation needed]
Tsugphud Namgyal Born: 1785 Died: 1863 | ||
| Regnal titles | ||
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| Preceded by | Chogyal of Sikkim 1793–1863 | Succeeded by |
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