 Tropical Storm Jangmi overMindanao on December 29 | |
| Meteorological history | |
|---|---|
| Formed | December 28, 2014 |
| Dissipated | January 1, 2015 |
| Tropical storm | |
| 10-minute sustained (JMA) | |
| Highest winds | 75 km/h (45 mph) |
| Lowest pressure | 996hPa (mbar); 29.41 inHg |
| Tropical storm | |
| 1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC) | |
| Highest winds | 85 km/h (50 mph) |
| Lowest pressure | 989hPa (mbar); 29.21 inHg |
| Overall effects | |
| Fatalities | 66 |
| Missing | 6 |
| Damage | $28.4 million (2014USD) |
| Areas affected | Philippines,Borneo |
IBTrACS /[1] | |
Part of the2014 Pacific typhoon season | |
Tropical Storm Jangmi (pronounced[tɕaŋ.mi]), known in the Philippines asTropical Storm Seniang, was a weak but deadlytropical cyclone that impacted the south-centralPhilippines in late December 2014. Jangmi formed as a tropical depression on December 28 east ofMindanao. The system tracked west-northwest and soon became Tropical Storm Jangmi. Jangmi made landfall inSurigao del Sur later that day and traversed the northeastern Mindanao. The storm struck numerous islands in theVisayas begore emerged into theSulu Sea on December 30 while turning southwestward. Environmental condition deteriorated, and Jangmi weakened to a tropical depression shortly afterwards. The system made landfall in northeastern Sabah onNew Year's Day of 2015 and dissipated shortly afterwards.
Jangmi brought heavy rains to Mindanao and the Visayas which caused severe flooding and landslides. Many places recorded a total rainfall of over 10 in (250 mm) during the storm. Thousands of people were evacuated before Jangmi arrived.Leyte andSamar were heavily impacted by Jangmi, with landslides on these islands killed 32 people. 21 people were found dead inBohol andCebu due to drowning.[2] Jangmi affected over 600,000 people in the Philippines, over 90% of the affected population were evacuated from their houses. The storm killed 66 people and 6 others were missing. Total damage amounted to 1.27 billionpesos (US$28.4 million).[3]
Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depressionOn December 27, 2014, theJoint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) noted atropical disturbance formed about 630 km (390 mi) west ofPalau. The center was consolidating, though theconvection was limited in the northern part. Good polewardoutflow and lowwind shear favoured furtherdevelopment.[4] Later that day, the center became well-defined and convection persisted over the southern part while moving west-northwest, which prompted the JTWC to issue aTCFATooltip Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert for the system. At 00:00 UTC, theJapan Meteorological Agency (JMA) classified the system as a tropical depression,[1] the JTWC followed suit three hours later, and designated it as23W. Later that day, thePAGASATooltip Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration began monitoring the system and assigned a local nameSeniang.[5] Convection began to wrap into the center, though the center was partly exposed, and most of the convection was over the southwestern part. It continued to move west-northwest along the southwestern edge of asubtropical ridge.[6] At 12:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded it to a tropical storm and assigned the nameJangmi.[1] The convection increased over the center, and the JTWC also upgraded it to a tropical storm later that day.[7]
At 3:45 a.m.PSTTooltip Philippine Standard Time December 29 (19:45 UTC December 28), Jamgmi made landfall inHinatuan, Surigao del Sur.[8]SSMIS revealed that Jangmi developed aneye-like feature over theBohol Sea.[9] Jamgmi made another landfall inAnda, Bohol at 9:30 p.m. (13;30 UTC) on December 29.[10] Despite convection weakened after landfall, the center became better defined while convection wrapped more tightly.[9] At 4:45 a.m. PST December 30 (20:45 UTC December 29), Jangmi made the third landfall inSibonga, Cebu,[11] and the fourth landfall inGuihulngan, Negros Oriental at 7 a.m. PST (23:00 UTC).[12] On December 30, Jangmi emerged into theSulu Sea and turned southwest.[13] Jangmi became disorganized after crossing theVisayas. The JMA downgraded it to a tropical depression at 12:00 UTC, while the JTWC followed suit three hours later.[1][14] Early on December 31, both the JTWC and the PAGASA issued the final advisory on Jangmi, as the center was completely exposed due to strong wind shear and the convection nearby weakened.[15][16] However, the JMA continued to track the system. Jangmi crossed the coast of northeasternSabah nearTerusan on January 1, 2015 and dissipated shortly afterwards.[1]
Shortly after strengthened to a tropical depression, the PAGASA issued aPSWSTooltip Public Storm Warning Signal #1 for provinces inCaraga,Davao Region andNorthern Mindanao.[5] As Jangmi approached the country, the PSWS #1 extended toZamboanga del Norte,Leyte Island andCentral Visayas.[17] The PAGASA issued the PSWS #2 for provinces in Caraga, northern Mindanao andBohol early on December 29 as Jangmi strengthened to a tropical storm.[8] The PSWS #2 extended to southernCebu, southernNegros Occidental while the PSWS #1 extended to southernIloilo.[18] All the PSWS were cancelled as Jangmi weakened to a low-pressure area.[16] TheMIAATooltip Manila International Airport Authority cancelled 44 domestic flights on December 29 and cancelled another 14 on December 30.[19][20] Sea transport inSurigao del Norte andCebu were cancelled.[21][22] 13,473 people were stranded in various ports across the country.[23] Although Jangmi struck the Philippines during theChristmas holidays, classes of a high school inNabua, Camarines Sur were still suspended, as the school remained flooded.[24]
Jangmi brought heavy rains to south-central Philippines. InHinatuan, where the storm made lanfall, recorded a total rainfall of 585 mm (23.04 in). Various places in northeasternMindanao andSamar recorded a total rainfall of over 250 mm (10 in).[25] Floodwaters of 1.5 m (5 ft) inundated some areas in Surigao del Sur. 14,000 people were evacuated in the province.[26][27] Citizens inVeruela were forced to evacuated due to the floods. Flooding occurredTago,San Miguel, Surigao del Sur,Butuan, Agusan del Norte andCagayan de Oro. A bridge connectingCagwait andSan Agustin, Surigao del Sur were damaged.[28] 33 families inNabunturan andCompostela, Compostela Valley were evacuated due to the floods. InMonkayo, a landslide displaced 71 people and damaged 19 houses, though no casualties were reported.[29] Flooding also occurred inLanao del Sur.[30] At least 15 towns inMisamis Oriental were affected by flooding. Over 1,500 families were evacuated to flee the flooding. The floods trapped 60 climbers inClaveria, and they needed to wait overnight until floodwaters retreated. 15 workers inTagoloan were also trapped.[31]
Jangmi also brought huge impacts toVisayas. Landslides hitMahaplag,Baybay, andTanauan, Leyte, resulting in ten deaths.[32] Another landslide struckCatbalogan, Samar and killed 20 people.[33] The flood situation inBohol was worse than expected. ThegovernorEdgar Chatto said that the river overflew its banks, inundated roads, damaged bridges and stalled lots of vehicles. Floodwaters in some regions were neck-depth. Two teenager boys inLoon died because of electroduction.[34] Jangmi also triggered severe flooding inCebu. Ten people were killed inRonda and nine others were missing. InSibonga, flooding washed away six houses and killed an elderly woman. The towns also reported a brownout. Other cities and towns such asCarcar,Argao, andDumanjug were also flooded, which damaged vehicles and uprooted coconut trees.[35] Over 16 cities and towns inNegros Occidental were being flooded. More than 13,000 families in the province were affected, including 200 families inBacolod.[36] In all, Jangmi killed 66 people, injured 43 and left six others missing.[2] 602,627 people were affected throughout the Philippines, in which 549,035 of them were evacuated. A total of 3,523 houses were damaged, in which 654 of them were destroyed. Total damage caused by the storm reached₱1.27 billion (US$28.4 million).[3]
Between December 29 to 31, 2014, the province ofAgusan del Sur,Bohol andMisamis Oriental declared astate of calamity,[31][37] whileAsuncion, Davao del Norte,Butuan, Agusan del Norte,Himamaylan andSan Enrique, Negros Occidental were under a state of calamity.[38][39] On January 1, 2015,Ronda,Dumanjug andAlcantara, Cebu also declared a state of calamity.[40] TheDSWDTooltip Department of Social Welfare and Development allocated₱37.5 million (US$840,000) as an assistance.[3] The department distributed 42,289 food packs, 4,000 essential items, and₱10,000 for the families of the fatalities of the landslides in Samar.[41] The government ofCebu City allocated₱1.8 million (US$40,000) for those who were affected by the storm in Cebu,[42] while the government ofNaga City allocated₱100,000 for four cities or towns in Cebu.[43] Besides, the government ofTagbilaran allocated₱1 million (US$22,000) for the victims inLoboc.[44] However, the mayor of Ronda Mariano Blanco III blamed that the DSWD didn't distribute any goods to the towns because they didn't receive any request.[45]
On January 2, a landslide damaged two houses inMandaue but no casualties were reported. Officials thought that heavy rains from Jangmi a few days ago could be a reason of the landslide.[46]
Because the total cost of damage reached at least₱1 billion, the nameSeniang was retired by PAGASA and will never be used again as a typhoon name withinPhilippine Area of Responsibility (PAR). In 2015, it was replaced bySamuel for the 2018 season.[47][48]
Tropical cyclones of the2014 Pacific typhoon season | ||
|---|---|---|
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