Trobriand cricket refers to a unique version of thebat-and-ballsportcricket played by theTrobriand Islanders.[1] They were first exposed to the game byChristianmissionaries, who thought the game would discourage war among the natives. However, the game was quickly adapted to Trobriand culture by expanding the number of players, adding dances and chanting, and modifying the bats and balls. Since war between groups on the island was banned, cricket began to incorporate many of the traditional practices associated with war for the Trobriand people. The game also reflects the objects of powers introduced to the islands by itsBritish colonizers and American troops duringWorld War II.
Cricket was introduced to the Trobriand Islands in 1903 by theBritishMethodist missionaryWilliam Gillmore, who hoped to reducetribal rivalry and fighting. The modern-day version is very different from the game introduced by Gillmore, as new rules and traditions have been integrated.
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In the Trobriand Islands,kayasa is a form of obligatory, competitive activity done traditionally in the form ofritual warfare. Warfare with spears was replaced by cricket, as a peaceful way of continuingkayasa.
Trobriand cricket has been altered such that thehome team is always the winner. There are no restrictions on the number of players on a team; thus, a team can have as many as 40 or 50 players.
Before the match, the ball and bats are given to a local spiritual leader who blesses the equipment for good luck. Also, this leader works on ensuring good weather. Before the match, each team practices chants and dances to be performed at various times throughout the game. Eachout is followed by a celebratory dance,choreographed by the opposing team. These dances often have special meaning, commenting on the prowess of the team, their superior skills, or mocking the other team. These dances may also havesexual innuendos anderotic themes.
Bowling is doneunderarm (as insoftball), rather thanoverarm as in international cricket. This change came about because underhanded-bowled balls are less painful if they contact with a player.[2]
There are ritual entrance and exit dances. One team had a mascot dressed as a tourist (dressed in bright colors, stopping in front of the performances to get a “close-up” view with his pretend binoculars). At the end of the match, there is an exchange of food, with the home team putting on the feast.
Other Trobriand changes to cricket include the following:
Today, cricket holds special meaning for the local population of the Trobriands. It has evolved to take on warlike aspects. For example, players’ bodies are decorated in bright colors and designs, similar to those displayed by warriors. The field entry and exit dances take on a warlike formation.
Trobriand cricket is an example ofsyncretism. Usually, syncretic cultures or traditions take elements from both the existing, “traditional” culture and elements from “outsiders” such as colonists, occupiers, or missionaries.
Trobriand cricket was featured in an episode of the 2007 BBC seriesLast Man Standing.[3]
In the song "Steak n' Sabre", written byFrank Black and recorded by Frank Black and the Catholics, and which Black has stated is about alternate realities, he references "Trobriander" cricket:[4] "Like Trobrianders / Don't you understand that's a different kind of world."
