 | |
| Formerly | Tribune Company (1861–2014) |
|---|---|
| Company type | Public |
| ISIN | US8960475031 |
| Industry | Mass media |
| Founded |
|
| Defunct | September 19, 2019; 6 years ago (2019-09-19) |
| Fate | Newspapers spun off in 2014 toTribune Publishing. Broadcast assets merged intoNexstar, name used by Nexstar for station licensing. |
| Successor | Tribune Publishing (newspapers) Nexstar Media Group (broadcasting) |
| Headquarters | Chicago, Illinois ,U.S. |
Key people |
|
| Products | Television, radio,television production,real estate,publishing |
| Revenue |  US$1.94 billion (2016) |
| US$433.6 million (2016) | |
| US$380.9 million (2016) | |
| Total assets | US$9.7 million (2016) |
| Total equity | US$27 million (2016) |
Number of employees | 8,200 (2016) |
| Subsidiaries | Tribune Broadcasting Tribune Publishing |
| Website | www |
| Footnotes / references [1] | |
Tribune Media Company, formerly known asTribune Company, was an American multimediaconglomerate headquartered inChicago, Illinois.
ThroughTribune Broadcasting, Tribune Media was one of the largest television broadcasting companies, owning 39 television stations across the United States and operating three additional stations throughlocal marketing agreements. It owned nationalbasic cable channel/superstationWGN America, regional cable news channelChicagoland Television (CLTV) and Chicago radio stationWGN. Investment interests include theFood Network, in which the company had a 31% share.
Prior to the August 2014spin-off of the company's publishing division intoTribune Publishing, Tribune Media was the nation's second-largest newspaper publisher behind theGannett Company, with ten daily newspapers, including theChicago Tribune,Los Angeles Times,Orlando Sentinel,Sun-Sentinel andThe Baltimore Sun, and several commutertabloids.
In 2007, investors bought the company, taking on substantial debt. The subsequent 2008 bankruptcy of Tribune Company was the largestbankruptcy in the history of the American media industry.[2] In December 2012 the Tribune Co. emerged from bankruptcy.[3] Tribune announced its sale toHunt Valley, Maryland-basedSinclair Broadcast Group on May 8, 2017, but on August 9, 2018, Tribune cancelled the sale and sued Sinclair for breach of contract. On December 3, 2018,Nexstar Media Group announced that it would merge with Tribune Media for $4.1 billion. Within Nexstar, Tribune Media remains the license holder for all of the former Tribune stations retained directly by Nexstar after the Nexstar acquisition.[4] The largest broadcast merger in U.S. history was approved in 2019.[5]
The Tribune Company was founded on June 10, 1847 when the eponymousChicago Daily Tribune published its first edition[6] in a one-room plant located atLaSalle andLake Streets in downtown Chicago. The original press run consisted of 400 copies printed on a hand press. TheTribune constructed its first building, a four-story structure at Dearborn andMadison Streets, in 1869.[citation needed] The building was destroyed in theGreat Chicago Fire of October 1871, along with most of the city. TheTribune resumed printing two days later with an editorial declaring "Chicago Shall Rise Again."Joseph Medill, a nativeOhioan who acquired an interest in theTribune in 1855, gained full control of the newspaper in 1874 and ran it until his death in 1899.[6]
Medill's two grandsons, cousinsRobert R. McCormick andJoseph Medill Patterson, assumed leadership in 1911.[6] That same year, theChicago Tribune's first newsprint mill opened[6] inThorold, Ontario, Canada. The mill marked the beginnings of the Canadian newsprint producer later known as QUNO, in which Tribune held an investment interest until 1995.
Patterson established the company's second newspaper, theNew York News in 1919.[6] Tribune's ownership of the New York Citytabloid[6] was considered "interlocking" due to an agreement between McCormick and Patterson.
The paper launched a European edition duringWorld War I.[6] To compete with theSaturday Evening Post andCollier's in 1924, the Tribune Company launched a weekly national magazine,Liberty, run by a subsidiary, McCormick-Patterson.[6]
The company entered broadcasting in 1924 by leasing WDAP, one of Chicago's first radio stations. Tribune later changed the station'scall letters toWGN, reflecting theTribune's nickname, "World's Greatest Newspaper." WGN was purchased by the company in 1926 and went on to become prominent in the radio industry.[6]
In 1925, the company completed its new headquarters, theTribune Tower. That same year, the company decided to fund the future Joseph Medill School of Journalism atNorthwestern University.[6]
Liberty magazine eventually exceeded Collier's circulation, but lacked sufficient advertising and was sold in 1931. The Tribune's European edition was also cut. However, Tribune launched theChicago Tribune-New York News Syndicate content syndication service in 1933.[6]
With the death of Joe Patterson's sister and owner of theWashington Times-Herald, Eleanor (Cissy) Patterson, in 1948, the Tribune Company purchased the paper and operated it until 1954, when theTimes-Herald was absorbed byThe Washington Post. Expecting a printer's strike in November 1948, theTribune printed their paper early, mistakenly proclaiming "Dewey Defeats Truman" in the1948 presidential election. Tribune entered the television industry then in its infancy, in 1948, with the establishment ofWGN-TV in Chicago in April andWPIX in New York City in June of that year. In 1956, the Tribune Company purchased theChicago American fromWilliam Randolph Hearst.[6]
In the 1960s, the company entered the booming Florida market, acquiring theFort Lauderdale-based Gore Newspapers Company, owner of thePompano-basedSun-Sentinel andFort Lauderdale News in 1963 and the Sentinel-Star Company, owners of theOrlando Sentinel, in 1965. Also in 1963, the company purchased part of the defunctNew York Mirror. The company increased its broadcast holdings with the acquisition of radio stationWQCD-FM in New York City in 1964 andindependenttelevision stationKWGN-TV inDenver in 1965. In 1967, the company began printing a tabloid serving suburban areas of Chicago,The Suburban Trib.[6]
The corporation was reorganized in 1968 by reincorporating underDelaware'sGeneral Corporation Law, ending itsIllinois incorporation, splitting its stock by four for one and forming a separate subsidiary of theChicago Tribune.[6]
The 1970s brought another decade of acquisitions for the company including the purchase of a Los Angeles shopper in 1973, which became theLos Angeles Daily News.[6] In 1973, the company began sharing stories among 25 subscribers via the newly formednews service, the Knight News Wire. By 1990, this service was known asKRT (Knight-Ridder/Tribune) and provided graphics, photo and news content to its member newspapers. WhenThe McClatchy Company purchasedKnight-Ridder Inc. in 2006,[7] KRT became MCT (McClatchy-Tribune Information Services), which was jointly owned by the Tribune Company and McClatchy.
The company stopped publishing the tabloidChicago Today in 1974; the Tribune also began publishing all-day editions. An approval of changes to the Tribune bylaws in 1974 triggered a lawsuit by shareholders who saw this as a move towards taking the company public. The lawsuit by Josephine Albright – Joseph Patterson's daughter – and her son, Joseph Albright, was dismissed in 1979.[6]
The Tribune Company entered first-runtelevision syndication in 1975 with the debut of theU.S. Farm Report. TheTimes-Advocate inEscondido, California was purchased by the company in 1977. In October 1978,United Video Satellite Group uplinked WGN-TV's signal tosatellite, becoming a national "superstation", joining the ranks ofWTCG (later WTBS, nowWPCH-TV) inAtlanta andWWOR-TV in New York City. During 1978, theNew York Daily News saw multiple employee strikes.[6]
In 1980, theDaily News added an afternoon edition to go head-to-head with theNew York Post; this expansion failed, with the newspaper reverting to once-daily editions with the end of the afternoon edition in 1981. Also that year, theIndependent Network News, an evening newscast intended for independent stations, was launched as the company's second syndicated television program, originating fromWPIX. TheNew York Daily News was put up for sale in 1981, but a proposed deal fell through by 1982. In August of that year, Tribune purchased theChicago CubsMajor League Baseball team fromWilliam Wrigley III.[6]
In 1981, all of Tribune's television stations, which were previously under the WGN Continental Broadcasting unit, were placed under the company's subsidiaryTribune Broadcasting Company. The following year, Tribune formed theTribune Entertainment Company as a production subsidiary to produce the company's existing syndicated programs including theU.S. Farm Report, as well as newer shows.[6]
In 1983,The Suburban Trib was replaced by zone editions of theChicago Tribune. That October, the Tribune Company became a public firm, with the sale of 7.7 million shares at $26.75 a share. In 1985, Tribune Broadcasting acquired Los Angeles independent stationKTLA fromKohlberg Kravis Roberts for a record $510 million. Because of theFederal Communications Commission's media cross-ownership regulations, which prohibit the ownership of a television station and newspaper in the same market, Tribune was forced to sell theLos Angeles Daily News. With the purchase of KTLA, Tribune became the fourth largest television station owner in the United States, behind thethree major broadcast networks. The company acquiredNewport News, Virginia newspaper, theDaily Press in 1986, but sold off the newspaper's co-owned cable television operations.
To counteract a possible hostile corporate takeover in 1987, the Tribune Company developed a plan that allowed shareholders the right to purchase additional preferred shares from a new series of stock in the event that a buyer acquired 10% of the company's common stock or a tender offer for the company. Shareholders also ratified a two-for-one stock split. Tribune Entertainment experienced success in 1987 with the launch of the syndicated daytimetalk showGeraldo. In 1988, Tribune purchased five weekly papers based inSanta Clara County, California.[6] In the wake of a dispute with some of its labor unions, Tribune sold theDaily News to British businessmanRobert Maxwell in 1991.[6]
With changes in the media industry due to greater public access to theinternet in the 1990s,Tribune Publishing began to sell off some of its newspaper properties. Tribune Broadcasting steadily acquired additional stations during the decade, while Tribune itself launched two new divisions, Tribune Ventures and Tribune Education. In 1993, Tribune Broadcasting launchedChicagoland Television (CLTV), a 24-hour local cable news channel for the Chicago area.
Online editions of Tribune's newspapers were developed starting in 1995, with theChicago Tribune's digital edition launching in 1996. Also in 1996, Tribune (holding a 20% interest) created a joint venture withAmerican Online (which held an 80% interest) called Digital City, Inc. to set up a series of Digital City websites to provide interactive local news and information services. By 1997, Tribune Publishing had only four daily newspapers remaining in its portfolio: theChicago Tribune, theFort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel, theOrlando Sentinel and theDaily Press. Tribune also set up its Tribune Ventures division to acquire stakes in newer media businesses. During the middle of that year, Tribune Ventures purchased interests in companies such as AOL (owning 4%), electronic payment specialistCheckFree Corporation (owning 5%), search engine companyExcite, Inc. (owning 7%), Mercury Mail, Inc. (owning 13%),Open Market, Inc. (owning 6%), andPeapod LP (owning 13%). Also that year, theOrlando Sentinel andTime Warner Cable joined together to create the Orlando-based local cable news channel,Central Florida News 13. Tribune also purchased a 31% stake in theFood Network.[6]
The company began the 1990s with six television stations, but changes to federal radio and television ownership regulations allowed Tribune to expand its television station holdings over the next decade. Tribune Broadcasting purchased ten additional stations by 1997, six of them acquired through that year's purchase ofRenaissance Broadcasting for $1.1 billion in cash.[8] Tribune purchased a 12.5% stake inThe WB Television Network in August 1995; the company had ten of its 16 stations affiliated with the network (including five that were signed as charter affiliates through The WB's initial 1993 affiliation deal with Tribune). Tribune invested $21 million in The WB in March 1997, which increased its equity interest in the network to 21.9%.[6]
In November 1994, Tribune Broadcasting formed a partnership with several minority partners, includingQuincy Jones, to form Qwest Broadcasting. Qwest operated as a separate company from Tribune (which owned stations in a few markets where Tribune had already owned stations, includingWATL in Atlanta, which was operated alongside Tribune-ownedWGNX);[9]
Tribune entered into a new business sector when it formed Tribune Education in 1993. The sector grew and provided high profit margins. Through 1996, Tribune used $400 million to purchase several publishers of education material:Contemporary Books, Inc., The Wright Group, Everyday Learning Corporation, Jamestown Publishers, Inc., Educational Publishing Corporation, NTC Publishing Group and Janson Publications. In 1996, this group was the number one publisher of supplemental education materials. Tribune Education acquired an 80.5% stake in mass market children's book publisher Landoll in 1997.[6]
In June 1998, Tribune entered into a trade withEmmis Communications to swap WQCD-FM to the latter company, in exchange for acquiring two Emmis-owned television stations (WXMI inGrand Rapids, Michigan andKTZZ inSeattle, Washington). It later traded WGNX in Atlanta to theMeredith Corporation in exchange forKCPQ-TV in Seattle in March 1999. Later that year, the station purchasedWEWB inAlbany, New York andWBDC in Washington, D.C. Tribune Interactive, Inc. was incorporated to handle all the various websites for its publishing, television and radio, and newspaper properties. During the 1999 fiscal year, Tribune racked up $1.47 billion in profits on total revenues of $2.92 billion, in part from gains made on the sale of some of its internet investments. In February 2000, Tribune acquired the remaining 67% interest in Qwest Broadcasting for $107 million, effectively adding two more stations to its roster, increasing its reach 27% of the country.[6]
In June 2000, Tribune acquired the Los Angeles–basedTimes Mirror Company in a US$8.3 billion merger transaction, the largest acquisition in the history of the newspaper industry, effectively doubling the size of Tribune's newspaper holdings.[10] The Times Mirror merger added seven daily newspapers to Tribune's existing publishing properties, including theLos Angeles Times, theLong Island-basedNewsday,The Baltimore Sun and theHartford Courant.[6] Through the deal, Tribune became the only media company that owned both newspapers and television stations in the three largestmedia markets of New York City, Los Angeles andChicago,[6] as a result of cross-ownership waivers that were approved by the FCC.
Among other advantages from the merger, including various economies of scale, Tribune's newspapers could now effectively compete for national advertising, as it has grown to become the third largest newspaper group in the country. Tribune Media Net, the national advertising sales organization ofTribune Publishing, was established in 2000 to take advantage of the company's expanded scale and scope. By 2001, revenues had grown to $5.25 billion.[6] However, Tribune needed to pay down some of the debt that it accrued through the Times Mirror purchase; as a result, Tribune moved to sell various non-newspaper holdings operated by Times Mirror. Flight information providerJeppesen Sanderson was sold toBoeing for $1.5 billion in October 2000. Also in October, theInstitute for International Research purchased AchieveGlobal, a consulting and training firm for $100 million. Times Mirror Magazines was sold toTime, Inc. in November of that year for $475 million. Tribune divested its Tribune Education division toThe McGraw-Hill Companies for $686 million in September 2000. After all these sales, Tribune still had $4 billion in long-term debt. Tribune started a joint venture with Knight-Ridder,CareerBuilder, that same year.[6]
After the 2001September 11 attacks, the media sector suffered a greater decrease in advertising revenue. This forced a 10% reduction in staff companywide and a $151.9 million restructuring charge.[6]
In 2002 and 2003, Tribune Broadcasting bought four additional television stations, increasing its total television holdings to 26 stations, some of which were acquired via trades of the company's radio stations; this left its one-time radio flagship WGN (AM) in Chicago as the company's sole remaining radio station. Tribune Publishing purchased the monthly lifestyle publicationChicago from Primedia (nowRent Group) in August 2002.Hoy, a Spanish language newspaper owned by the company, expanded with the launch of local editions in Chicago (in September 2003) and Los Angeles (in March 2004).[6]
Tribune also launched daily newspapers targeting younger urban commuters, including theChicago Tribune'sRedEye edition in 2003, followed by an investment inAM New York.[6] That same year, Tribune pushed for the FCC to loosen its regulations barring cross-ownership of newspapers and broadcast outlets (television and/or radio) in a single market. Tribune would have to sell either a newspaper or television station in Los Angeles, New York City andHartford while its combination of theSun-Sentinel andWBZL-TV inMiami/Fort Lauderdale, Florida was given a temporary waiver. The FCC granted waivers for the other newspaper-television combinations in June 2003.[6]
In 2006, Tribune acquired the minority equity interest inAM New York, giving it full ownership of the newspaper. The company sold bothNewsday andAM New York toCablevision Systems Corporation in 2008.
Tribune's partnership in The WB ended in 2006, when the network was shut down – along withCBS Corporation-ownedUPN – to createThe CW Television Network, which was a joint venture between CBS andWarner Bros. and affiliated with several Tribune-owned stations;[11] Tribune did not maintain an ownership interest in the network.
On April 2, 2007, Chicago-based investorSam Zell announced plans to buy out the Tribune Company for $34.00 a share, totalling $8.2 billion,[2] with the intent to take the company private. The deal was approved by 97% of the company's shareholders on August 21, 2007.[12] Privatization of the Tribune Company occurred on December 20, 2007 with termination of trading in Tribune stock at the close of the trading day.[13]
On December 21, 2007, Tribune andOak Hill Capital Partners-controlledLocal TV, LLC announced plans to collaborate in the formation of a "broadcast management company" (later named The Other Company).[14] On January 31, 2008, Tribune Company announced it would purchase real estate leased from TMCT, LLC, which included properties used by theLos Angeles Times,Newsday,Baltimore Sun andHartford Courant. The company received an option to purchase the real estate for $175 million through the 2006 restructuring of TMCT, LLC.
In addition, Tribune announced the sale ofTribune Studios and related real estate in Los Angeles toprivate equity firm Hudson Capital, LLC, for $125 million. The parties also agreed to a five-year lease allowing its television station in the city, KTLA, to continue operating at the location through 2012.[15]
On April 28, 2008, Tribune completed an acquisition of real estate from TMCT Partnership.[16] On July 29, 2008,Cablevision Systems Corporation completed its purchase ofNewsday from Tribune.[17]
On September 8, 2008,United Airlines lost (and almost regained) $1 billion in market value when an archivedChicago Tribune article from 2002 about United filing for bankruptcy appeared in the "most viewed" category on theSouth Florida Sun-Sentinel's website.Google News index's next pass found the link as new news. Income Security Advisors found the Google result to be new news, which was passed along toBloomberg News where it became a headline (Tribune, which owns both papers, noted that one click on a story in non-peak hours could flag an article as "most viewed"[18]).
On December 8, 2008, faced with a high debt load related to the company's privatization and a sharp downturn in newspaper advertising revenue, Tribune filed forChapter 11 bankruptcy protection.[19] Company plans originally called for it to emerge from bankruptcy by May 31, 2010,[20] but the company would end up in protracted bankruptcy proceedings for another four years. With the company's overall debt totaling $13 billion, it was the largest bankruptcy in the history of the American media industry.[2]
On October 27, 2009,Thomas S. Ricketts purchased a majority ownership (95%) of the Chicago Cubs. The sale also includedWrigley Field and a 25% ownership stake inComcast SportsNet Chicago, as part of a deal designed to help Tribune restructure.[21] In October 2010,Randy Michaels, who was appointed CEO after Zell's purchase of the company, was removed and replaced by an executive council.The New York Times had reported earlier in the month about his "outlandish, often sexual behavior" that he also exercised in his previous job atClear Channel Communications.[22][23]
On July 13, 2012, the Tribune Company received approval of a reorganization plan to allow the company to emerge from Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in aDelawarebankruptcy court.Oaktree Capital Management,JPMorgan Chase andAngelo, Gordon & Co., which were the company's senior debt holders, assumed control of Tribune's properties upon the company's exit from bankruptcy on December 31, 2012.[24][25] Coincident with emergence from bankruptcy, company stock began trading as anover-the-counter security under the symbol TRBAA.[26] In December 2014, over-the-counter trading ended and the company's stock began trading on theNew York Stock Exchange under the symbol TRCO.[26]
On February 26, 2013, it was reported that Tribune hired investment firmsEvercore Partners andJ.P. Morgan to oversee the sale of its newspapers.[27] On July 1, 2013, Tribune announced that it would purchase the 19 television stations owned by Local TV, LLC outright for $2.75 billion.[28] The FCC approved the acquisition on December 20,[29] and the sale was completed one week later on December 27.[30]
Tribune later announced its return to television production on March 19, 2013, with the relaunch of the production and distribution division asTribune Studios (not to be confused with the former name of Los Angeles studio facilitySunset Bronson Studios).[31]
On July 10, 2013, Tribune announced that it would split into two companies,spinning off the newspapers that were part of itspublishing division into a separate company. Its broadcasting, digital media and other assets (includingTribune Media Services, which among others, provides news and features content for Tribune's newspapers) would remain with the Tribune Company.[32] The split came in the footsteps of similar spin-outs byNews Corporation andTime Warner, which sought to improve the profitability of their properties by separating them from the struggling print industry.[33] On November 20, 2013, Tribune announced it would cut 700 jobs in its newspaper operations, citing falling advertising revenue.[34]
The split was finalized on August 4, 2014, with the publishing arm being spun out asTribune Publishing, and the remainder of the company renamedTribune Media.[33][35][36]
On February 29, 2016, Tribune Media announced that it would review various "strategic alternatives" to increase the company's value to shareholders, which include a possible sale of the entire company and/or select assets, or the formation of programming alliances or strategic partnerships with other companies, due to the decrease in its stock price since the Tribune Publishing spin-off and a $385 million revenue write-down for the 2015 fiscal year, partly due to original scripted programming expenditures for WGN America since it converted the cable network from a superstation in 2014.[37][38][39][40] In 2016, Tribune Media sold off real estate properties to net $409 million while authorizing $400 million in share repurchasing. In December 2016, Tribune Media soldGracenote toNielsen Holdings for $560 million;[41] Tribune planned to use the sale to pay down a debt of $3.5 billion. Cash on hand was expected to pay out $500 million in dividends in the first quarter of 2017.[41] In January 2017, Tribune Media announced that Peter Liguori would step down as President and CEO in March.[42]
On April 20, 2017,Bloomberg reported thatSinclair Broadcast Group was considering acquiring Tribune Media, contingent on plans by the FCC's new chairman,Ajit Pai, to reinstate the "UHF discount" (a policy which makesUHF stations only count half of their total audience towards the FCC's 39% market share cap), which had been removed byTom Wheeler during the final months of theObama administration. The stocks of both companies rose in value in the wake of these rumors. As was expected, the FCC reinstated the UHF discount; under adjusted calculations, the two companies only had a combined market share of 42%, meaning that the combined company would be required to divest stations in order to stay below the cap. However, there was only an 11% market overlap between Tribune and Sinclair's stations.[43][44]
On April 30, 2017,The Wall Street Journal reported that there were competing bids for Tribune from a partnership between21st Century Fox and private equity firmBlackstone Group (under which Fox would contribute itsexisting station group into a joint venture with Blackstone), andNexstar Media Group.[45][46][47][48] The Fox/Blackstone deal was being proposed as a defensive measure, due to concerns by 21st Century Fox over the number of Fox-affiliated stations Sinclair would control if it acquired Tribune Media.[49] However,The New York Times reported that Fox had not actually made a formal bid for Tribune Media.[49][50][51][52]
On May 8, 2017, Sinclair Broadcast Group officially announced its intent to acquire Tribune Media in a cash-and-stock deal valuing the company at $3.9 billion, plus the assumption of $2.7 billion in debt held by Tribune.[53]
The proposed sale resulted in concerns from various groups over the effects of the UHF discount on U.S. media; the Institute for Public Representation coalition filed a request for an emergency motion to stay the reinstatement of the UHF discount order pending a court challenge, echoing Wheeler's opinion that it was outdated and intended to trigger media consolidation.[54][55][56] On June 1, 2017, a federal appeals court issued a temporary administrative stay whilst evaluating the request,[57] and rejected it on June 15.[58][59]
On July 13, 2017, a Tribune Media shareholder, identified as Sean McEntire, filed a class-action lawsuit, seeking to halt Tribune's sale to Sinclair,[60][61] while formerU.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) attorney Willie Briscoe has begun investigating Tribune's sale to Sinclair.[62] On that same date, another Tribune Media shareholder, identified in legal paperwork as Robert Berg, also filed a class-action lawsuit. The lawsuit accuses Sinclair and Tribune of withholding the details of the two companies' financial projections and the processes used in valuation analyses performed by their financial advisors. Additionally, the registration statement allegedly omits information about potential conflicts of interest concerning Tribune's board of directors and one of its financial advisors. Berg further claims that stockholders are entitled to "an accurate description" of the background of the deal, including processes used by the board to arrive at their decision to recommend the merger. Without this information, Berg argues, stockholders cannot determine whether they support the deal.[63] On July 18, 2017, a third Tribune Media shareholder, identified in legal paperwork as David Pill, also filed a class-action lawsuit which seeks to halt Sinclair's acquisition of Tribune.[64] On July 27, 2017, the law firm of Faruqi & Faruqi, LLP, filed a class-action lawsuit on behalf of Tribune Media shareholders who have been harmed by Tribune's and its board of directors' alleged violations of Sections 14(a) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 in connection with the proposed merger of the Company with Sinclair Broadcast Group, Inc.[65]
On October 19, 2017, the sale was approved by Tribune Media shareholders.[66][67][68][69][70]
On July 16, 2018, FCC chairmanAjit Pai was reported to have "serious concerns" about the merger and proposed a hearing before anadministrative law judge.[71][72][73][74]
On August 9, 2018, Tribune decided to back out on the merger, and decided to sue Sinclair, alleging breach of contract.[75]
In November 2018, sale rumors intensified again, withByron Allen (founder ofEntertainment Studios),[76][77]Ion Media (in partnership withCerberus Capital Management and Hicks Equity Partners) having reported interest[78][79] andNexstar Media Group reported as being a leading bidder.[80]
On December 3, 2018, Nexstar Media Group announced its intent to merge with Tribune Media for $6.4 billion and it will still be known as "Nexstar Media Group". The sale would give the company 216 stations in 118 markets, placing it just below the FCC's market cap of 39% of TV households. The sale price reflects a 45% increase in valuation over Sinclair's offer. Nexstar plans to divest some stations and "non-core" assets as part of the acquisition.[81][82][83]
On January 21, 2019, it was reported that Nexstar Media Group has agreed to merge with Tribune Media for about $4.1 billion in cash, making it the largest regional U.S. TV station operator and will take the Nexstar name.[84]
On August 1 of that year, theUnited States Department of Justice approved the deal.[85][5]
The sale was approved by the FCC on September 16,[86][87] and completed on September 19.[88][89][90]
Tribune Company and Local TV have entered into a letter of intent to create a third-party broadcast management company which will provide shared services to all of the stations Local TV and Tribune Company own, respectively.
Tribune Company today announced it will purchase real estate leased from TMCT, LLC, which includes properties used by theLos Angeles Times,Newsday,Baltimore Sun andHartford Courant. The company received an option to purchase the real estate for $175 million through the 2006 restructuring of TMCT, LLC.
Tribune Completes Acquisition of Real Estate from TMCT Partnership.
Tribune Completes Acquisition of Real Estate from TMCT Partnership.
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| National | |
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