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TheTreaty of Limits between the United Mexican States and the United States of America is an 1828treaty betweenMexico and theUnited States that confirmed theborders between the two states. The Treaty of Limits was the first treaty concluded between the two countries.
The Treaty of Limits was concluded on 12 January 1828 atMexico City.[1][2]Joel Roberts Poinsett signed the treaty for the United States andSebastián Camacho andJosé Ignacio Esteva for Mexico. The treaty recognized the Mexico–U.S. boundary that had been established by the 1819Adams–Onís Treaty betweenSpain and the U.S.[3]
The Treaty of Limits was ratified by Mexico and the U.S. and it entered into force on 5 April 1832. The treaty was amended in 1831 and again in 1835. After theRepublic of Texas became independent from Mexico, the U.S. and Texas signed an 1838 treaty confirming the boundary from the Treaty of Limits.[4]
However, when the U.S. recognized the independence of theRepublic of Texas in 1836, Mexico regarded it as a violation of the Treaty of Limits; this sentiment was made worse by the 1845annexation of Texas, which led to theMexican–American War. After the war, theTreaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo established a new boundary between the two countries and thereby replaced the Treaty of Limits.
InUnited States v. Texas (162 U.S.1 (1896)), a case involving a dispute between Texas and the United States overGreer County, theUnited States Supreme Court held that the Adams–Onís Treaty and the Treaty of Limits, as accepted by the Republic of Texas, definitively set the boundary between Texas and theOklahoma Territory of the United States.
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