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TheTreaty of Casalanza, which ended theNeapolitan War, was signed on 20 May 1815 between theNapoleonicKingdom of Naples on the one hand and theAustrian Empire, as well as the Great Britain, on the other. The signature occurred in a patrician villa, owned by the Lanza family ("Casalanza" meaning "Lanza House" in Italian), in what is now the commune ofPastorano,Campania, southernItaly.
Following the decisive defeat at theBattle of Tolentino and theBattle of San Germano, the Napoleonic King ofNaples,Joachim Murat, had fled to Corsica and GeneralMichele Carascosa, who was now the head of the Neapolitan army following Murat's flight, sued for peace. The treaty was signed byPietro Colletta (who was acting asplenipotentiary to Michele Carascosa),Adam Albert von Neipperg (who was acting as plenipotentiary to the commander-in-chief of the Austrian forces,Frederick Bianchi), andLord Burghersh (the English minister plenipotentiary in Florence).
The terms of the treaty were quite lenient on the defeated Neapolitans. All the Neapolitan generals were allowed to keep their rank and the borders of the Kingdom of Naples remained unchanged. The treaty merely called for the return of the pre-Napoleonic KingFerdinand IV of Naples and Sicily to the Neapolitan throne, the return of all prisoners of war and for all the Neapolitan garrisons to lay down their arms, with the exception ofAncona,Pescara andGaeta. These three cities were all being blockaded by an Anglo-Austrian fleet and were out of General Carascosa's control. These three garrisons eventually surrendered, although thesiege of Gaeta would last till August, long after Napoleon's defeat at theBattle of Waterloo.
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