This article considerstransport inArmenia.
850 km (530 mi) in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines
850 km of1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in)gauge (850 km electrified) (1995)There is no service south ofYerevan.
Azerbaijan - closed - same gauge
Georgia - yes - same gauge
Iran - viaAzerbaijan - closed -break of gauge -1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in)/1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Turkey - closed -break of gauge -1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in)/1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)Most of the cross-border lines are currently closed due to political problems.[1] However, there are daily inbound and outbound trains connecting Tbilisi and Yerevan. Departing fromYerevan railway station trains connect to both Tbilisi andBatumi. From neighboring Georgia, trains depart to Yerevan fromTbilisi railway station.[2] WithinArmenia, new electric trains connect passengers from Yerevan to Armenia's second-largest city ofGyumri. The new trains run four times a day and the journey takes approximately two hours.[3]
There is also discussion to establish a rail link between Yerevan and Tehran. Armenia is pursuing funding from the Asian Development Bank to launch the construction of this infrastructure project.[4] The completion of the project could establish a major commodities transit corridor and would serve as the shortest transportation route betweenEurope and thePersian Gulf.[5] In June 2019, Iranian presidentHassan Rouhani backed this project and stated that “we want the Persian Gulf and theGulf of Oman to be connected to the Black Sea, and one of the ways to make this happen is through Iran, Armenia and Georgia.”[6]
The capital city of Armenia,Yerevan, is serviced by theYerevan Metro. The system was launched in 1981, and like most former Soviet Metros, its stations are very deep (20–70 meters underground) and intricately decorated with national motifs. The metro runs on a 13.4 kilometers (8.3 mi) line and currently serves 10 active stations. Trains run every five minutes from 6:30 a.m. until 11 p.m. localAMT time. As of 2017, the annual ridership of the metro is 16.2 million passengers.[7] FreeWi-Fi is available at all stations and some trains.[8]
Yerevan tram (Armenian:Երևանի տրամվայ) was atram system previously operating inYerevan, the capital of Armenia. It was opened on 29 September 1906 in the form of a citywagonway. In the second half of the 20th century, the tram system had up to 12 routes, which were served by 3 depots. Trams were operated until 21 January 2004.
The only city in Armenia where a tram ever existed was Yerevan. On 29 September 1906, the Yerevan horse wagonway was opened. This type of narrow-gauge wagonway existed until August 1918, when the tram was destroyed duringWorld War I.[9]
On 12 January 1933, a wide-gauge electric tram was launched.[9] The number of tram cars increased by 25% on average every five years, in 1933 it was 16, then in 1945 there were 77 cars, and in 1965 - 222 cars. Two types of trams were used, the 71-605 and the RVZ-6M2, both wereSoviet made. Since the cost of the tram was 2.4% higher than that of buses, as well as due to expensive electricity and problems arising when the tram crossed theGreat Bridge of Hrazdan in Yerevan, route #7 (Erebuni - Zeytun) was closed on 20 June 2003.[10]
Most of the tracks have been removed and the trams have been turned intoscrap. The tram depot is used by various private enterprises, and the substation currently serves theYerevan trolleybus.
Land borders are open with both Georgia and Iran. Yerevan Central Bus Station, also known as Kilikia Bus Station is the main bus terminal in Yerevan with buses connecting to both internal and international destinations. There are daily bus connections between Yerevan andTbilisi and Yerevan andTehran.[11] Approximately three times daily, buses depart from Yerevan Central Bus Station toStepanakert, the capital of the partially recognized state ofArtsakh.[12] There are also scheduled bus routes which connect Yerevan withKyiv,Moscow,Saint Petersburg as well as several other cities acrossRussia.[13] It is also possible to connect toChișinău Moldova,Minsk Belarus and other cities inEastern Europe from Yerevan through connecting bus routes via Georgia and Ukraine.[14] In addition, there is a once a week bus service toIstanbul via Georgia.[15] In June 2019, a new bus route fromBaghdad to Yerevan via Iran began.[16]
The Armenian bus network connects all major cities, towns, and villages throughout the country. In larger cities and towns such asYerevan,Gyumri,Vanadzor andArmavir, bus stations are equipped with a waiting room and a ticket office, in other towns bus stations may not have shelters. Most of the routes are operated byGAZelle minivans with a capacity of 15 passengers, some routes are operated by soviet bus producerLiAZ (Russia). Yerevan itself has a large integrated bus network, with a newly acquired bus fleet, passengers are able to connect from one end of the city to the other.Wi-Fi is available on most city buses.[8] Despite this, buses often have difficulty meeting the demand for capacity, mainly in Yerevan, where vehicles are typically overcrowded. There are no night services between 11 p.m. and 6 a.m. There is no ticket system in the country, passengers pay in cash to drivers. Passengers on the national bus network pay before boarding, passengers on the Yerevan bus network pay after the ride, while leaving the vehicle. Timetables and fares are published onTransport for Armenia.
FromYeritasardakan metro station in downtown Yerevan, travelers can take the 201 airport shuttle, which goes directly to Zvartnots International Airport, which takes approximately 20 minutes from the city center.[17]
Since independence, Armenia has been developing its internal highway network. The "North-South Road Corridor Investment Program" is a major infrastructure project which aims at connecting the southern border of Armenia with its northern by means of a 556 km-long Meghri-Yerevan-Bavra highway. It is a major US$1.5 billion infrastructure project funded by theAsian Development Bank,European Investment Bank and theEurasian Development Bank. When completed, the highway will provide access to European countries via theBlack Sea. It could also eventually interconnect the Black Sea ports of Georgia with the major ports of Iran, thus positioning Armenia in a strategic transport corridor between Europe and Asia.[3][18] Armenia is pursuing further loans fromChina as part of theBelt and Road Initiative to complete the north–south highway.[4]
Armenia connects to European road networks via theInternational E-road network through various routes such as;European route E117,European route E691,European route E001 andEuropean route E60. Armenia also connects to theAsian Highway Network through routesAH81,AH82 andAH83.
The number of insured registered cars in Armenia has grown from 390,457 in 2011 to 457,878 in 2015.[19]
8,800 km
World Ranking: 112
8,800 km (including 1,561 km of expressways)
0 km (2006 est.)
Natural gas 3,838 km (2017)
Cargo shipments tolandlocked Armenia are routed through ports inGeorgia andTurkey.
Air transportation in Armenia is the most convenient and comfortable means of getting into the country. There are large international airports that accept both external and domestic flights throughout the Republic. As of 2020, 11 airports operate in Armenia. However, onlyYerevan'sZvartnots International Airport andGyumri'sShirak Airport are in use for commercial aviation. There are three additional civil airports currently under reconstruction in Armenia, includingSyunik Airport,Stepanavan Airport, andGoris Airport. The leading Armenian airlines in operation areArmenia Aircompany andArmenia Airways.
There are plenty of air connections between Yerevan and other regional cities, including Athens, Barcelona, Beirut, Berlin, Bucharest, Brussels, Damascus, Doha, Dubai, Istanbul, Kyiv, Kuwait City, London, Milan, Minsk, Moscow, Paris, Prague, Riga, Rome, Tehran, Tel-Aviv, Tbilisi, Vienna, Venice, and Warsaw, as well as daily connections to most major cities within theCIS region.[11] Statistics show that the number of tourists arriving in the country by air transportation increases yearly.[20] In 2018, passenger flow at the two main airports of Armenia reached a record high of 2,856,673 million people.[21] In December 2019, yearly passenger flow exceeded 3,000,000 million people for the first time in Armenia's history.[22]
In November 2019, the creation of a Free Route Airspace (FRA) between Armenia and Georgia was announced. The process has been carried out through the joint efforts of theGeneral Department of Civil Aviation of Armenia, theGeorgian Civil Aviation Administration andEurocontrol. The Free Route Airspace between the twoSouth Caucasus countries will increase flights to around 40,000 annually.[23]
Country comparison to the world: 153
Total: 10
Total: 1
Armenia maintains a number of both military and civilianheliports. The main military heliport is located on the premises ofErebuni Airport in Yerevan. Meanwhile, the company Armenian Helicopters, based at Zvartnots Airport in Yerevan, offers charter flights within Armenia and to certain neighboring countries, including Georgia, Russia, and Turkey.[24][25]Helicopter services are delivered with the US-made Robinson R66 and the European AIRBUS EC130T2 choppers. Flights can be carried out as scheduled or on individual routes.[26]
TheWings of Tatev is currently the world's longest reversibleaerial tramway which holds the record for longest non-stop double-track cable car and is located in the town ofHalidzor.
In October 2019, it was announced that investors were interested in creating an aerial tramway in the capital, Yerevan.[27]
Armenia cooperates in various international transport-related organizations and agreements, including the following:[28]
This article incorporatespublic domain material fromThe World Factbook (2025 ed.).CIA. (Archived 2009 edition.)
| Metros | |
|---|---|
| Trolleybuses | |
| South Caucasus Railway |
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| Tourist | |
| Major terminals | |
| Defunct | |
