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Ingrammar, thetranslative case (abbreviatedTRANSL) is agrammatical case that indicates a change in state of a noun, with the general sense of "becomingX " or "change toX ".
InFinnish, it is the counterpart of theessive case, with the basic meaning of a change of state. It is also used for expressing "in (a language)", "considering it is a (status)" and "by (a time)". Its ending is-ksi:
Examples inEstonian, where the ending is-ks:
In Estonian, translative can also express a temporary or random state. E.g. while a nominative construction would indicate working in a job or profession, asolen koolis õpetaja "I'm a teacher in a school", a similar sentence using translativeolen koolis õpetajaks "I work as a teacher in a school" hints at it either being a temporary position, the speaker not being fully qualified, or some other factor of impermanency.[1]
InHungarian, the ending is -vá / -vé after a vowel; it assimilates to the final consonant otherwise:
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