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Transcode (character encoding)

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

IBM 6-bit data transmission code

For other uses, seeTranscode (disambiguation).

Six-Bit Transcode, orSix-Bit Transmission Code, was, for a few years, one of the threecharacter sets used byIBM forBinary Synchronous Communications. Transmission using 6-bit Transcode had higher throughput than transmission using 8-bit EBCDIC or ASCII, provided that the data to be transmitted used a limited set of 48 characters.

TheIBM 2780 data transmission terminal was announced with Transcode support in 1967. Its successor, theIBM 3780 data communication terminal, announced in 1972, dropped Transcode support and added a "space compression" option.

Transcode is asix-bit character code. It relates to IBM'spunched card code but, likeEBCDIC, it is notBCD. Its 64 values consist of the 26 uppercase letters, 10 numbers, 11 symbols,space, and 16control characters. Its 48 printable characters areABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 .'-/@#$%&*⌑; it cannot represent,:;!?"()[]<>+^=_\`{}|~. Characters are transmitted withodd parity. The 2780 cannot use the 16 control characters as data characters in Transcode mode.^[1]

Code table

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Six-Bit Transcode
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	A	B	C	D	E	F
0x	SOH	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	STX	.	⌑	BEL	SUB	ETB
1x	&	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	SP	$	*	IUS/ ITB	EOT	DLE
2x	-	/	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	ESC	'	%	ENQ	ETX	HT
3x	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	SYN	#	@	NAK	EM	DEL

Code table (from 2780 manual)

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Character	Punched card code	6-bit transcode	Hex
SOH	12-9-1	P	00
A	12-1	5	01
B	12-2	4	02
C	12-3	4 5 P	03
D	12-4	3	04
E	12-5	3 5 P	05
F	12-6	3 4 P	06
G	12-7	3 4 5	07
H	12-8	2	08
I	12-9	2 5 P	09
STX	12-9-2	2 4 P	0A
.	12-8-3	2 4 5	0B
⌑	12-8-4	2 3 P	0C
BEL	0-9-8-7	2 3 5	0D
Sub	9-8-7	2 3 4	0E
ETB	0-9-6	2 3 4 5 P	0F
&	12	1	10
J	11-1	1 5 P	11
K	11-2	1 4 P	12
L	11-3	1 4 5	13
M	11-4	1 3 P	14
N	11-5	1 3 5	15
O	11-6	1 3 4	16
P	11-7	1 3 4 5 P	17
Q	11-8	1 2 P	18
R	11-9	1 2 5	19
Space	no punch	1 2 4	1A
$	11-8-3	1 2 4 5 P	1B
*	11-8-4	1 2 3	1C
US	11-9-8-7	1 2 3 5 P	1D
EOT	9-7	1 2 3 4 P	1E
DLE	12-11-9-8-1	1 2 3 4 5	1F
-	11	0	20
/	0-1	0 5 P	21
S	0-2	0 4 P	22
T	0-3	0 4 5	23
U	0-4	0 3 P	24
V	0-5	0 3 5	25
W	0-6	0 3 4	26
X	0-7	0 3 4 5 P	27
Y	0-8	0 2 P	28
Z	0-9	0 2 5	29
ESC	0-9-7	0 2 4	2A
'	0-8-3	0 2 4 5 P	2B
%	0-8-4	0 2 3	2C
ENQ	0-9-8-5	0 2 3 5 P	2D
ETX	12-9-3	0 2 3 4 P	2E
HT	12-9-5	0 2 3 4 5	2F
0	0	0 1 P	30
1	1	0 1 5	31
2	2	0 1 4	32
3	3	0 1 4 5 P	33
4	4	0 1 3	34
5	5	0 1 3 5 P	35
6	6	0 1 3 4 P	36
7	7	0 1 3 4 5	37
8	8	0 1 2	38
9	9	0 1 2 5 P	39
SYN	9-2	0 1 2 4 P	3A
#	8-3	0 1 2 4 5	3B
@	8-4	0 1 2 3 P	3C
NAK	9-8-5	0 1 2 3 5	3D
EM	11-9-8-1	0 1 2 3 4	3E
DEL	12-9-7	0 1 2 3 4 5 P	3F

Devices using Transcode

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IBM 2701 Data Adapter Unit
IBM 2703 Transmission Control
IBM 2780 Data Transmission Terminal
IBM System/370 model 135 Integrated Communications Adapter (ICA)

References

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^IBM Corporation (1971).Component Description: IBM 2780 Communications Terminal(PDF).Archived(PDF) from the original on 2020-07-26.

v t e Character encodings
Early telecommunications	Telegraph code Needle Morse Non-Latin Wabun/Kana Chinese Cyrillic Baudot and Murray Fieldata ASCII ISO/IEC 646 BCDIC Teletex andVideotex/Teletext T.51/ISO/IEC 6937 ITU T.61 ITU T.101 World System Teletext background sets Transcode
ISO/IEC 8859	Approved parts -1 (Western Europe) -2 (Central Europe) -3 (Maltese/Esperanto) -4 (North Europe) -5 (Cyrillic) -6 (Arabic) -7 (Greek) -8 (Hebrew) -9 (Turkish) -10 (Nordic) -11 (Thai) -13 (Baltic) -14 (Celtic) -15 (New Western Europe) -16 (Romanian) Abandoned parts -12 (Devanagari) Proposed but not approved KOI-8 Cyrillic Sámi Adaptations Welsh Estonian Ukrainian Cyrillic
Bibliographic use	MARC-8 ANSEL CCCII/EACC ISO 5426 5426-2 5427 5428 6438 6862
National standards	ArmSCII Big5 BraSCII BSCII CNS 11643 DIN 66003 ELOT 927 GOST 10859 GB 2312 GB 12345 GB 12052 GB 18030 HKSCS ISCII JIS X 0201 JIS X 0208 JIS X 0212 JIS X 0213 KOI-7 KPS 9566 KS X 1001 KS X 1002 LST 1564 LST 1590-4 PASCII Shift JIS SI 960 TIS-620 TSCII VISCII VSCII YUSCII
ISO/IEC 2022	ISO/IEC 8859 ISO/IEC 10367 Extended Unix Code / EUC
Mac OSCode pages ("scripts")	Armenian Arabic Barents Cyrillic Celtic Central European Croatian Cyrillic Devanagari Farsi (Persian) Font X (Kermit) Gaelic Georgian Greek Gujarati Gurmukhi Hebrew Iceland Inuit Keyboard Latin (Kermit) Maltese/Esperanto Ogham Roman Romanian Sámi Turkish Turkic Cyrillic Ukrainian VT100
DOS code pages	437 737 850 858 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 899 904 932 936 942 949 950 951 1040 1043 1046 1098 1115 1116 1117 1118 1127 ABICOMP CS Indic CSX Indic CSX+ Indic CWI-2 Iran System Kamenický Mazovia MIK
IBM AIX code pages	895 896 912 915 921 922 1006 1008 1009 1010 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1046 1133
Windows code pages	CER-GS 932 936 (GBK) 950 Extended Latin-8 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1270 Cyrillic + French Cyrillic + German Polytonic Greek
EBCDIC code pages	Japanese language in EBCDIC DKOI
DEC terminals (VTx)	Multinational (MCS) National Replacement (NRCS) French Canadian Swiss Spanish United Kingdom Dutch Finnish French Norwegian and Danish Swedish Norwegian and Danish (alternative) 8-bit Greek 8-bit Turkish SI 960 Hebrew Special Graphics Technical (TCS)
Platform specific	1052 1053 1054 1055 1058 Acorn RISC OS Amstrad CPC Apple II ATASCII Atari ST BICS Casio calculators CDC Compucolor 8001 Compucolor II CP/M+ DEC RADIX 50 DEC MCS/NRCS DG International Galaksija GEM GSM 03.38 HP Roman HP FOCAL HP RPL SQUOZE LICS LMBCS MSX NEC APC NeXT PETSCII PostScript Standard PostScript Latin 1 SAM Coupé Sega SC-3000 Sharp calculators Sharp MZ Sinclair QL Teletext TI calculators TRS-80 Ventura International WISCII XCCS ZX80 ZX81 ZX Spectrum
Unicode /ISO/IEC 10646	UTF-1 UTF-7 UTF-8 UTF-16 UTF-32 UTF-EBCDIC GB 18030 DIN 91379 BOCU-1 CESU-8 SCSU TACE16 Comparison of Unicode encodings
TeX typesetting system	Cork LY1 OML OMS OT1
Miscellaneous code pages	ABICOMP ASMO 449 Digital encoding of APL symbols ISO-IR-68 ARIB STD-B24 Fieldata HZ IEC-P27-1 INIS 7-bit 8-bit ISO-IR-169 ISO 2033 KOI KOI8-R KOI8-RU KOI8-U Mojikyō SEASCII Stanford/ITS Symbol TRON Unified Hangul Code
Control character	Morse prosigns C0 and C1 control codes ISO/IEC 6429 JIS X 0211 Unicode control, format and separator characters Whitespace characters
Related topics	CCSID Character encodings in HTML Charset detection Han unification Hardware code page MICR code Mojibake Variable-length encoding
Character sets

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