Transavantgarde orTransavanguardia is the Italian version ofNeo-expressionism, an art movement that swept through Italy and the rest of Western Europe in the late 1970s and 1980s. The termtransavanguardia was coined by Italian art criticAchille Bonito Oliva,[1] originating in the "Aperto '80" at theVenice Biennale,[2][3] and literally meansbeyond theavant-garde.
This art movement responded to the explosion ofconceptual art, which found many mediums of expression, by reviving painting and reintroducing emotion – especially joy – back into drawing, painting and sculpture.[4] Transavantgarde marked a return tofigurative art, as well as mythic imagery, which was rediscovered during the height of the movement.[5] The artists revived figurative art andsymbolism, which were less frequently used in movements afterWorld War II likeminimalism. The principal transavantgarde artists wereSandro Chia,Francesco Clemente,Enzo Cucchi,Mimmo Germanà,Nino Longobardi,Nicola De Maria andMimmo Paladino.[6]
In 1982, works by Chia, Cucchi and Longobardi were included in the exhibition "Italian Art Now: An American Perspective" at theSolomon R. Guggenheim Museum inNew York.[7]
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