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Amoving violation ortraffic violation is any violation of the law committed by thedriver of avehicle while it is inmotion. The term "moving" distinguishes it from other motor vehicle violations,^[1] such as paperwork violations (which include violations involvingvehicle insurance,registration, andinspection),parking violations, or equipment violations. TheUnited States Department of State makes reference to moving violations in its enforcement guidance.^[2]

A car carrying an excessive amount of cargo, secured to the trunk using duct tape. Such a violation would be considered relatively minor.

A car traveling on opposite lanes, facing opposing traffic. Such a violation would be considered major.

While some violations, like parking violations, are civil matters involving a vehicle's owner, moving violations are charged against the actual driver.

Moving violations are usually classified asinfractions ormisdemeanors, but serious violations such ashit and run,driving under the influence, androad rage can be consideredfelonies.

Moving violation convictions typically result in fines and demerit points assessed to the license of the driver. As a driver accumulates points, they may be required to attend defensive driving lessons, re-take their driving test, pay additional taxes, or even surrender their license. Additionally, moving violations often increase insurance premiums.^[3] Drivers with more points on their driving record often must pay more for car insurance than drivers with fewer.

Sometimes tickets are used in aspeed trap as a form of fundraising. For example, a local government that is suffering a budget shortfall may ticket more aggressively within its jurisdiction to increase revenue.^[4][5][6]

In theUnited States, citation fines can vary widely between jurisdictions for the same behavior, usually between $25 and $1,000. In countries such asFinland however, they are specific proportions of the violator's income, and fines in excess of $100,000 can be assessed to wealthy individuals. InCanada, each province is individual in how they treat similar behavior and each violation usually includes a set fine anddemerit points against the driver's license. For example, a speeding ticket inOntario of 50+ km over is 6 demerit points against the driver's license with the approximate fine calculated as (km over x 9.75) x 1.25, as well it carries a one-week automatic license suspension and car impoundment. InManitoba speeding in excess of 49 km is 10 demerit points and a fine of 672 dollars and a Serious Offence Licence Suspension.

• Speeding, which can be exceeding alimit or (in some jurisdictions) simply driving at an unsafe speed
• Driving significantly below the speed limit to the point of obstructing traffic
• Tailgating or failing to maintain anassured clear distance ahead
• Driving or rolling past astop sign or redtraffic light without stopping
• Failure to yield to another vehicle with theright-of-way
• Failure tosignal for turns or lane changes
• Improperlane usage, such as failing to drive within a single lane
• Crossing over a center divider,median, orgore
• Driving on theshoulder where it is considered illegal under certain conditions
• Failure to use aseat belt
• Illegal use ofwindow tints and obstructions
• Failure to stop for apedestrian in acrosswalk
• Failure to stop for aschool bus when children are boarding or exiting (in certain jurisdictions)
• Failure to secure a load to atruck, lorry, or other vehicle
• Driving in acar pool lane illegally
• Operating atelecommunications device while driving (in jurisdictions that prohibit this)
• Driving a vehicle outside the conditions of one's license
• Driving without a license or with a suspended license or with a license from another country
• Driving a vehicle in abus lane or onrailway tracks
• failure to stop after atraffic collision or make a report
• Driving on the wrong side of the road, unless there is an obstruction

More serious moving violations include:

• Driving under the influence
• Reckless driving ordangerous driving
• Street racing
• Vehicular homicide

Exactly how long moving violations stay on a driving record depends on jurisdictional laws; for example, inNew York, minor moving violations can stay on a driving record abstract for a maximum of four years.^[7] Whereas minor moving violations tend to stay on a person's abstract for only a few years, some serious moving violations are classified as criminal offenses that result in a criminal record that may be maintained for life.

• Traffic enforcement
• Traffic ticket
• Traffic court
• Traffic school

• Crimes
• Traffic law

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