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Toy guns aretoys which imitatereal guns, but are designed forrecreationalsport or casual play bychildren. From hand-carved wooden replicas to factory-producedpop guns andcap guns, toy guns come in all sizes, prices and materials such as wood, metal, plastic or any combination thereof. Many newer toy guns are brightly colored and oddly shaped to prevent them from being mistaken for real firearms.
Wooden guns are made to resemble real guns. Often handmade, these toys may or may not have metal parts and are made with various levels of detail.
Suction cup dart toy pistols are made to resemble real pistols, used to fire onesuction cupdart.[1][2]
Rubber band guns are toy guns used to fire one or morerubber bands (or "elastic bands"). Rubber band guns are often used in live-action games such asAssassins, in which they are common and popular toy weapons. They are also common in offices and classrooms. Rubber band guns have been popular toys that date back to the invention of rubber bands, which were patented inEngland on March 17, 1845, byStephen Perry.[3][4][5]
Cap guns, cap pistols, or cap rifles are toy guns that create a loud sound simulating a gunshot and a puff of smoke when a small percussion cap is exploded. Cap guns were originally made of cast iron, but after World War II were made of zinc alloy, and most newer models are made of plastic.
Model guns are Japanese full-size toy guns that highly replicate the appearance, design, and operation of the real ones but cannot shoot any projectile. It comes as either ignition models (a very sophisticated type of cap guns) or non-ignition dummy models. Both are subject to the strict Japanese Gun Control Law for identification and to prevent possible modification.
Prop guns are toy guns that have to look like real guns. They are commonly used in movies, TV shows, and other theatrical performances.
Spud guns are small toy guns used to fire a fragment ofpotato. To operate, one punctures the surface of a potato with the gun's hollow tip and pries out a small pellet which fits snugly in the muzzle. Squeezing the trigger causes a small build-up of air pressure inside the toy which propels the projectile. The devices are usually short-range and low-powered.
Water guns are a type of toy gun that uses a variety of methods to spray jets of water. Many early small water guns used the same trigger based pumping mechanism used forspray bottles. In this type of device, the trigger actuates a positive displacement pump shaft. With the aid of twocheck valves, often using smallballs, fluid is drawn into the pump from a reservoir, then forced out the nozzle upon squeezing the trigger.
The simplicity of the spraying mechanism allowed these toys to be manufactured cheaply and allowed the majority of the body to be used as the reservoir. The primary limitation of this design is the volume of water that can be effectively moved per pump. Increasing pump volume would require more user effort to push the fluid out, making larger designs impractical. However, this technology remains widely used today both in spray bottles as well as small water guns that can be found in a wide variety of shapes and colors.[6]
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Thepop gun is a toy gun that was made by American inventor Edward Lewis and usesair pressure to fire a small tethered or untetheredprojectile (such ascork orfoam) out of a barrel, most often viapiston action though sometimes via spring pressure. Other variants do not launch the obstruction, but simply create a loud noise.[7] This mechanism consists of a hollow cylindricalbarrel which is sealed at one end with the projectile and at the other with a long-handledplunger. In this type, the plunger is rapidly forced down the barrel, building up internal air pressure until the projectile is forced out with the "pop" sound that lends the toy its name.
In fiction,ray guns are a science fiction particle-beam weapon that fires what is usually destructive energy. In most stories, when activated, a raygun emits a ray, typically visible, usually lethal if it hits a human target, often destructive if it hits mechanical objects, with properties and other effects unspecified or varying.
Toy ray guns often have a mechanical component that sparks, light-up and make a sound effect.
Tracer guns, sometimes known as disc guns, are a kind of toy gun made of durable plastic. The toy shoots lightweight plastic discs roughly the size of a penny. The discs used as ammunition for these guns are often sold with the label "Jet Discs." The firing mechanism is a spring. Themagazine typically holds around 20 "discs." The range is about 10 feet, and accuracy is far from dependable. The trigger requires some force. The firing sound is loud, low, and distinctive. Oftentimes the trigger will become loose and will take multiple attempts to shoot.
Foam dart blasters are toy guns that fire foam darts, discs, or foam balls. The term "Nerf blaster", referring to blasters made byHasbro, is often used as ablanket term for any foam dart blaster, regardless of whether or not it has theNerf brand name.[8] Foam dart blasters are manufactured in multiple forms, includingpistols,rifles, andlight machine guns.
The first Nerf blasters emerged in the late 1980s with the release of the Nerf Blast-a-Ball[9] and the Arrowstorm.
Airsoft guns arereplica toy guns used inairsoft sports. They are essentially a special type of very low-powersmoothboreair guns designed to shootnon-metallic spherical projectiles often colloquially (and incorrectly) referred to as "BBs", which are typically made of (but not limited to)plastic orbiodegradableresin materials. Airsoft gun powerplants are designed to have lowmuzzle energy ratings (generally less than 1.5 J or 1.1 ft⋅lbf) and the polymer pellets have significantly lesspenetrative andstopping powers than conventional air guns, and are generally quite safe forcompetitive sporting andrecreational purposes if properprotective gear is worn.
MilSim is a major element of appeal for airsoft guns, and airsoft games rely heavily on anhonor system, where a player has the ethical obligation to call himself out of play when hit.
Gel blasters are replica toy guns similar in design to airsoft guns but much less powerful, and shootsuperabsorbent polymer (most commonlysodium polyacrylate)water beads (often sold commercially as garden moisture retainers) which arehydrated into 6–8 mm (0.24–0.31 in)-diameterprojectiles colloquially calledgel beads orgel balls.
Gel blasters are invented as a replacement toy for regions withairsoft-unfriendly laws (e.g.China,Australia,Malaysia andVietnam), and are often played inCQB-styleshooting skirmishes similar topaintball, but follows anairsoft-like honor-based gameplayumpiring system.
Paintball gun, paint gun, or marker gun, is the main piece ofpaintball equipment in the sport ofpaintball. Markers use an expanding gas, such ascarbon dioxide (CO2) orcompressed air, to propelpaintballs through the barrel and quickly strike a target. The term "marker" is derived from its original use as a means forforestry personnel to mark trees andranchers to mark wanderingcattle.[10][11][12]
Light guns arepointing devices forcomputers and acontrol device forarcade andvideo games, typically shaped to resemble apistol. Modern screen-based light guns work by building an optical sensor into the gun, which receives its input from the light emitted by on-screen target(s). The first device of this type, thelight pen, was used on theMIT Whirlwind computer. Modernstarting pistols in athletics use similar devices that emit a sound and flash a light.
Laser tag gun is atag game played with toy guns which fireinfrared beams. Infrared-sensitive targets are commonly worn by each player and are sometimes integrated within the arena in which the game is played.
Since its birth in 1979, with the release of the Star Trek Electronic Phasers toy manufactured by the South Bend Electronics brand ofMilton Bradley, laser tag has evolved into both indoor and outdoor styles of play, and may include simulations of combat, role play-style games, or competitive sporting events including tactical configurations and precise game goals.
Laser tag is popular with a wide range of ages. When compared topaintball, laser tag is painless because it uses no physical projectiles, and indoor versions may be considered less physically demanding because most indoor venues prohibit running or roughhousing.[citation needed]
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Dummy guns have been historically used by police and military organizations for training purposes. DuringWorld War II,Parris Manufacturing Company provided over 2 million accurate copies of theM1903 Springfield rifles, the MK 1 USN Dummy Training Rifle to theU.S. armed forces. After the war they continued to manufacture and sell their replicas as toy guns. As well as smaller sized models for children that featured a working bolt with a dummy bullet, leather sling, the clicker action, and a smaller rubber bayonet similar to theM1 bayonet.[13]
Today, the United States military, calls these dummy training guns"rubber ducks" or "blue guns", usually resembling anM16 type rifle.[14] Trainees are issued rubber ducks before they have been properly trained to use actual rifles, in order to become familiar with the care, responsible handling, and added weight of an M16 during various activities, such as bayonet drills, water survival, and marches. They are also used to train soldiers in various ceremonial practices that differ when soldiers are armed. For example, standingat attention requires a different stance and set of movements when the soldier has a rifle in-hand.
Children have always had small imitations of things from the adult world and toy guns are no exception. From a hand-carved wooden replica to factory-producedpop guns andcap guns, toy guns came in all sizes, prices and materials from wood, to metal, to plastic or any combination thereof.
With the influence ofHollywood andcomic strips,tie-ins could make an ordinary toy gun a majorbestseller. In the 1930sDaisy Outdoor Products came out with aBuck Rogers Rocket Pistol (1933), Disintegrator Pistol (1934), and Liquid Helium Pistol (1935) that sold in record numbers.[15]
Mattel had usedtelevision advertising to sell their "burp gun" onThe Mickey Mouse Club in the mid-1950s to great effect. In 1959 Mattel sponsored their own television showMatty's Funday Funnies with theirtrademark little boy "Matty" showing cartoons and advertising their products.Mattel toys came out withDick Tracy weapons in 1960 that werestate of the art. Not only could the "Dick Tracy Crimestoppers" have a realisticsnubnosed revolver in a shoulderholster, butMattel also boosted junior law enforcementfirepower with aDick Tracy cap firingtommy gun that fired a burst of 6 capsautomatically when the M-1 Thompson-style bolt was pulled back. One commercial featuredBilly Mumy demonstrating the weapons to his father prior to watchingDick Tracy on TV.Mattel also came up with a "Dick Tracy Water Jet Gun" that was a miniature replica of a policepump actionshotgun that fired caps when one pulled the triggerand squirted water when one pumped the slide. When theDick Tracy craze faded the same two weapons were reissued inmilitary camouflage asGreen Beret "Guerrilla Fighter" weapons. (seeUnited States Army Special Forces in popular culture).Mattel later issued the sametommy gun in its original colours as aPlanet of the Apestie-in complete with ape mask.
In the mid-1960s, Multiple Toymakers/Multiple Plastics Corporation (MPC) came out withJames Bond'sattaché case fromFrom Russia with Love.Topper Toys replied with a copy called "Secret Sam" that featured a toy gun that fired plastic bulletsthrough theattaché case and had a working camera that outsold 007's kit. MPC toys replied with a "B.A.R.K" - "Bond Assault and Raider Kit" anattaché case that opened up to display a firingmortar and a rocket shootingpistol. MPC also provided a "Bond-O-Matic"water pistol. Bond'stelevision competitionThe Man From U.N.C.L.E. had their pistol with attachments that turned it into a rifle made by both theIdeal Toy Company in the US and theLone Star Toys company in the United Kingdom. Mattel came out with a series of "Zero-M" secret-agent weapons such as a camera turning into a pistol and a radio turning into a rifle demonstrated by a juvenile Agent Zero M played byKurt Russell.
Perhaps the ultimate toy weapon was the 1964Topper ToysJohnny Seven OMA (One Man Army) where an excitingtelevision commercial showed one little boy using each of the seven weapons of the gun to wipe out a neighborhood full of children armed only withordinary toy guns. Though an amazing seller, theCaptain Kangarootelevision program refused to air the advertisement. The proliferation of toy weapons was satirized in the "Our Man in Toyland" episode ofGet Smart.
In the 1970s, theStar Warsmedia franchise provided newlaser blaster andlightsabers produced byKenner Toys.
Toy guns can cause harm like many objects not under proper supervision. Unlike most other toys though, much of the danger of these toys is related to mistaking a toy gun for a real gun or vice versa. For example:
Toy guns were temporarily removed from theSears Roebuck 1968Christmas catalog after the Aprilassassination of Martin Luther King Jr. and the Juneassassination of Robert F. Kennedy.[16] However, they returned to theSears catalog the following year.
Beginning in the 1970s, American gun control advocates called for federal government to regulate and/or ban the manufacture and sale of toy guns. These calls were countered by toy industry groups, who preferred to set their own standards. In 1973, the newly formedU.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission received petitions and letters from consumers, asking the commission to institute mandatory safety standards for the design of toy weapons. These calls for action were repeated in 1975. However, the trade association representing the toy weapon manufacturers also contacted the CPSC, asking them to delay until the industry developed their own set of voluntary standards. The voluntary guidelines that were published over the next few years emphasized the use of warning labels on packaging and instructions, rather than mandating safety standards for the design of projectile toys. The Consumer Product Safety Commission rejected further petitions to regulate toy weapon manufacture in 1981 and 1985.[17] In 1992, theDepartment of Commerce prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipping of toy guns unless they have an orange tip or are entirely brightly colored. The regulation does not prohibit end-users from modifying the toys.[18]
In March 2018,Walmart (the largest single retailer in the United States) announced that they would stop selling certain types of toy guns.[19] “We are also removing items from our website resembling assault-style rifles, including nonlethal airsoft guns and toys,” the company said in a statement.[19]
In the United States, federal law and regulations indicate that all toy guns transported or imported into the country must have a 6mm-wide blaze orange tip or a blaze orange stripe 1-inch (2.54 centimeters) thick on both sides of the barrel. However, this is not required by federal law for airsoft and paintball. Part 272 ofTitle 15 of the Code of Federal Regulations on foreign commerce and trade (15 CFR 272) states that "no person shall manufacture, enter into commerce, ship, transport, or receive any toy, look-alike, or imitation firearm" without approved markings; these may include an orange tip, orange barrel plug, brightly colored (safety orange) exterior of the whole toy, or transparent construction.
New York City,Washington, D.C.,Chicago, and parts ofMichigan have completely banned airsoft guns.[citation needed]. In New York City, as of 2003, the sale of replica toy guns was punishable with one year's jail term plus $1,000. Chicago goes even further with their mandates.[20] It is considered a crime to wield a look-alike or replica gun (e.g., toy gun, airsoft gun) in public. If a toy gun or replica gun is used to commit a crime in Chicago, then that person is treated as though they had actually used a real firearm.[citation needed] However, state laws relating to the regulation of toy, look-alike, or imitation firearms, or purporting to ban the sale or manufacture of bb guns, paintball guns, or airsoft guns are preempted by federal law.[21]
There is a controversy as to whether or not toy guns are appropriate for children to play with. Some people believe they can encourageviolence. In 2007, the BritishDepartment for Children, Schools and Families (which existed between 2007 and 2010) has advised young boys be encouraged to play with toy guns, as it will encourage them to learn and foster their development.[22] However, the National Union of Teachers in England has criticised this advice, arguing that toy guns "symbolise aggression" and that encouraging boys to play with them fostersgender stereotypes.[22]
In 2016, Shafeeq Gigyani, who is a peace activist inPakistan, started a campaign against toy guns.[23][24][25]
The two New York City lawmakers also hope that a strong showing in the city council will spur the state legislature to boost penalties for selling toy gun replicas, which now top off at a year in prison and a $1,000 fine
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