| Tottington | |
|---|---|
 Tottington Methodist Church | |
  Tottington Location withinGreater Manchester | |
| Population | 9,783 (2011 Census)[1] |
| OS grid reference | SD775130 |
| • London | 173 mi (278 km) |
| Metropolitan borough | |
| Metropolitan county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | BURY |
| Postcode district | BL8 |
| Dialling code | 01204 |
| Police | Greater Manchester |
| Fire | Greater Manchester |
| Ambulance | North West |
| UK Parliament | |
| |
Tottington is a town in theMetropolitan Borough of Bury inGreater Manchester, England, on the edge of theWest Pennine Moors.[2] In 2011 it had a population of 9783.
Historically inLancashire, it was a medievalfee, a type ofroyal manor, which encompassed several townships fromMusbury and Cowpe with Lench in the north toAffetside in the west andWalshaw in the south west, while the township of Tottington itself was a small agricultural settlement surrounded by open farmland and hunting ground where deer and wild boar were found.[3]
There is no mention of Tottington in theDomesday Book and little evidence of a settlement before theNorman conquest.[4] The earliest extant record of Tottington is from 1212 when it was recorded as Totinton. Tottington's name is most likely derived from theOld English for the land or farmstead belonging to a man called Tota; or "tot" may be from an Old English word meaning "hilltop lookout point".[5]
Tottington was part of the larger Royal Manor of Tottington, which comprised the northern part of the parish of Bury and was originally part of the De Montbegon Barony (Roger de Montbegon was present at the signing of theMagna Carta).[6] Throughout theMiddle Ages the manor was reduced as land was exchanged and bequeathed.Walmersley andShuttleworth were given to the Lord of Bury;Musbury andCowpe with Lench in the north were ceded toBlackburnshire. The Manor of Tottington eventually formed part of theHonour of Clitheroe, which in turn became part of the eventualDuchy of Lancaster. When theDuke of Lancaster seized the throne to becomeHenry IV the duchy became royal and the Manor of Tottington with it.[6]
Tottington Hall is first recorded in 1504, as the residence of the Nuttall family. The Nuttall family's fortunes improved throughout theTudor andStuart periods and in 1715 Thomas Nuttall built the first school in Tottington. In 1770 the hall and its estates were bought by John Gorton, whose family had made their wealth in the cotton trade.[7] He brought his industrial expertise to Tottington, building Tottington Mill, Kirklees Mill and Leemings Hill Bleach Works; greatly contributing to the prosperity and expansion of the village in theGeorgian period.[8] During this time the family financed the building of St Anne's Church and vicarage, and refurbished Tottington Hall leaving it much as it stands today. In 1863 the hall and grounds were put up for sale and came under the Roberts family before being bought by the recently formed Tottington Urban District Council in 1918 for £2,750. Ownership was handed over to the newly formedBury Metropolitan Council in 1974, who used it to house the village library.[9] Bury Council closed the library in 2018. Running of Tottington Hall was taken over by the local community in 2018.[10] Operating as the Tottington Centre, it houses a library, tea rooms and locally based clubs.
Little expansion occurred until theIndustrial Revolution when in common with other Lancashire settlements in the 19th century, Tottington saw a large industrial presence develop, largely under the influence of John Gorton. Nine mills were listed in an 1891 directory producing calico, cotton cloth and yarn.[11] In 1884Hilaire de Chardonnet, a French chemist, came to the area to work on a cellulose-based fabric that became known as 'Chardonnay silk'. A forerunner ofrayon it was an attractive cloth, Chardonnet displayed it in theParis Exhibition of 1889.[12] However, like celluloid it was very flammable, following several publicly reported accidents, it was discontinued. The site on Royds Street South reverted to typical Lancashire textile production until 1925, when the Kirklees Rayon Company began producingviscose continuous filament yarn at the mill. This continued until 1955 when viscose production ceased.Courtaulds took over the mill in 1962 and converted it into a dye-house, this work continued until 1980. The site is now occupied by the housing estate centred on Kirklees Street.[13] Tottington Mill printworks was the subject of the 1921 sketch "Mill Yard, Tottington" byLS Lowry.[14]
The rapid expansion of the local population in the early 19th century, and the abundance ofpublic houses that followed, led to the building of Tottington Dungeon in 1835 to lock up drunks and miscreants.[15] It is not known who built it, who the carved faces on the outer stonewalls represent or who carved them.[16] However, it does share architectural similarities with the folly built in the grounds of Nabbs House inGreenmount, which was constructed at the same time by John Turner.[17] The following is a first hand account from a local mill worker, as published in Victorian and Edwardian Lancashire by John Hudson (Published 13 November 2008):
In those days a large fair used to be held yearly in Tottington, about the end of August, when the street from Turton Road down to the Parish Church, as far down as the present Town Hall, was lined with stalls selling nuts and brandysnaps, etc.The ground about the Robin Hood Hotel served as the cheapjacks' stand, and also for the shooting gallery, while the field on the left of Harwood Road was the place where the trading in cattle, horses and pigs was done. 'Hobby' horses were in full swing behind the Printers' Arms, and a large swing boat caused merriment, the plumber's and confectioner's shops were not built then. Tottington had many more public houses than to-day, and the constable, John Wilkinson, had a very busy time. The old dungeon was often in use.
— Ralph Rooney b. 23 March 1862
In 1882 theBury to Holcombe Brook Line was opened by Bury and Tottington District Railway. In 1888 the line was taken over by theLancashire and Yorkshire Railway andTottington railway station remained open until the line closed for passengers in 1952 and goods in 1963. On 16 September 1904 an electric tram service was introduced running along Market Street between Bury and Tottington byBury Corporation Tramways; in response to this competition the following year the railway introduced new rolling stock and increased the number of 'halts' on the line such as atSunnywood. Passengers had to climb up onto the carriages as there were no platforms.[18] Following the closure of the line, in 1972 Tottington Urban District Council proposed that the trackbed of the former Holcombe Brook branch should be developed as a 3-mile recreational path; the project was adopted byBury Metropolitan Council upon its creation and the pathway is now known as the Kirklees Trail.[19][20][21]
During theSecond World War, Tottington was hit at 5:50 am on the morning of Christmas Eve 1944 by one of 45V-1 flying bombs, launched from adaptedHeinkel He 111 bombers flying over theNorth Sea. The 'Doodlebug' landed on a row of cottages in Chapel Street, killing two men and four women and injuring 14 others, one of whom died later.[22] Numbers 21 and 23 Chapel Street were destroyed, while two neighbouring properties and a shop were severely damaged. The impact left a crater 30 ft deep, a total of 27 houses suffered serious structural damage, eight of which had to be demolished. St Anne's Church nearby had all its windows blown out, save for one behind the altar.[23] The Whitehead family of nearby Stormer Hill Hall raised funds to have the area turned into a memorial garden, which was dedicated in 1950. The original brass plaque was stolen in 1975 and the gardens now feature a memorial stone dedicated to those lost.[24]
Since the War Tottington has expanded with the Moorside area residential development being built in the early 1960s and new property built on the site of many of the former mills such as Spring Mill and Kirklees Mill.
By the 18th century what remained of Tottington Manor was divided into Lower End and Higher End.[4] Lower End contained the village of Tottington, the hamlets of Woolfold, Bolholt and Walshaw in the south; Affetside and Hawkshaw in the west; Greenmount, Holcombe Brook, Redisher, Hazelhurst and Holcombe in the centre, and Brooksbottom, Nuttall, Nuttall Lane and Ramsbottom (with Tanners and Carr to its west) in the north-east, with theRiver Irwell forming the eastern boundary.[25] Higher End consisted the lands and settlements that now make up most ofRossendale borough.[26]
The old township boundaries were removed by theLocal Government Act 1894. Tottington Higher End was divided betweenRamsbottom,Rawtenstall andHaslingden. Lower End was split to formRamsbottom and TottingtonUrban District Councils. The urban district was divided into four wards – Central, North, East and West – each returning three members to the council. In 1933 two acres of the urban district were added to theCounty Borough of Bury.[27] Since 1974, as part of the provisions of theLocal Government Act 1972, the urban district has been part ofBury Metropolitan Borough.[5] One of the last actions of the UDC was the creation of Old Kay's Park, named afterJohn Kay, the park was created as a bulwark against further development encircling the community.[6] The metropolitan council partially resurrected Tottington Lower End when it created thetownship forum of Tottington, North Manor and Ramsbottom, which covers much the same area.[28] The UDC territory broadly correlates with the Tottington ward of Bury Council and returns three Councillors. Following an October 2015 by-election, the Councillors representing the ward are:[29]]
As of 2015, Ian Gartside is the leader of the opposition on Bury Council.[30]
Tottington is part of theBury North parliamentary constituency, which has been represented by James Daly (Conservative)since the 2019 general election. The constituency was previously represented by James Frith (Labour 2017–2019),David Nuttall (Conservative, 2010–2017),David Chaytor (Labour, 1997–2010) and Alistair Burt (Conservative 1983–1997).
Tottington's physical geography is characterised by its position at the edge of theWest Pennine Moors and theRossendale Valley. Directly north-west, Affetside Moor rises to a height of more than 900 ft above sea level and further north Top of Quarlton and Holcombe Moor dominate the skyline. From elevated parts of the town Scout Moor, Harden Moor and Knowl Hill are visible to the east. The villages of Affetside, Greenmount and Hawkshaw are north of the town, with Walshaw to the south west. Until the post-war period Tottington was a ribbon development along the Bury to Blackburn road, the Kirklees Valley to the east stopped development in that direction and kept Tottington distinct fromBrandlesholme. Within the Kirklees Valley there are a number of artificial mill ponds and reservoirs created during Tottington's industrial heyday. Many of these have since dried up, but the remaining examples have proven an ideal habitat for numerous species of wildfowl and bats.[31]
Thesuperficial geology beneath Tottington consists ofDevensianglacial tills, which overlie theLower Pennine Coal Measures; the same sequences ofsandstones,mudstones andcoal seams that form theLancashire Coalfield. There is no history of coal mining in Tottington, although most original buildings such as the dungeon are built fromsandstone andgritstone quarried locally.[32]
Running along Market Street, Tottington features a number of independent retailers including a veterinary practice,[33] plus restaurants, a post office and a medium-sizedCo-Op Food store. There are five pubs including the Old Dungeon Inn,[34] which backs onto the Tottington Dungeon. Live music was regularly played at the Hark To Towler pub before it was closed and converted to apartments in 2018.[35] Tottington Primary School[36] andTottington High School[37] are both rated good byOfsted. There are four churches in the town; St Anne'sChurch of England (1799),[38] St John'sFree Church of England (1867)[39] TottingtonMethodist Church (1905)[40] and St Hilda'sRoman Catholic Church (1963).[41] Tottington Medical Practice opened in 1995 and houses 8 GP surgeries.[42]
Tottington Cenotaph was dedicated to victims of theFirst World War in 1930. Built ofPortland stone as is theCenotaph in London; it bears the inscription "We owe more tears to those dead men than time shall see us pay"; a line taken fromShakespeare's playJulius Caesar. It was designed by Lancastrian sculptorWalter Marsden and features two bronze wreath badges; one featuring apeace dove and the other the rising sun.[43][44]
The village library, located in grade 2 listed Tottington Hall[45] and identified for closure by Bury Council in 2017,[46] was saved from permanent closure by the efforts of a group of volunteers, led by councillor Yvonne Wright, and reopened in 2018 as Tottington Centre and Community Library.[46]
The area is served byTower FM local radio; so named after two landmarks in the stations coverage area;Turton Tower nearBolton andPeel Tower on Holcombe Hill nearRamsbottom. TheSustransNational Cycle Route 6 Runs through Tottington, following the old railway line, on its way from London toKeswick.[47] Tottington is also served by regular direct bus services toBury.[48]
Tottington Public Band has been in continuous existence since at least 1835, making it one of the oldest brass bands in the country. During the course of its history, it has performed under various names including; Tottington Original Band, Tottington Prize Band and Tottington Silver Band.[49] Tottington is also home to two amateur dramatic societies,[50][51] a football club[52] and a cricket club.[53] An annual one-day music festival and fair has been held in the village since 2002, when it was first held for theQueen's Golden Jubilee.[54] Despite the semi-rural setting, Tottington is well served by public parks and play areas, including Old Kay's Park to the north, Town Meadow Park behind the library, Compton Meadow and Two Brooks and Kirklees valleys.[55]
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