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Tokyo Station

Coordinates:35°40′51″N139°46′01″E / 35.68083°N 139.76694°E /35.68083; 139.76694
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Major railway and metro station in Japan

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‹ ThetemplateInfobox station is beingconsidered for merging. ›
Tokyo Station

東京駅
Tokyo Station's Marunouchi side in June 2023
General information
Other namesTokyo Central Station
LocationChiyoda,Tokyo
Japan
Operated by
Connections
  • Bus interchange Bus terminal
History
OpenedDecember 20, 1914; 110 years ago (1914-12-20)
(JGR)
March 20, 1956; 69 years ago (1956-03-20)
(Tokyo Metro)
Location
Tokyo Station is located in Tokyo Yamanote Loop
Tokyo Station
Tokyo Station
Location within Tokyo Yamanote Loop
Show map of Tokyo Yamanote Loop
Tokyo Station is located in Tokyo wards area
Tokyo Station
Tokyo Station
Tokyo Station (Tokyo wards area)
Show map of Tokyo wards area
Tokyo Station is located in Kanto Area
Tokyo Station
Tokyo Station
Tokyo Station (Kanto Area)
Show map of Kanto Area
Tokyo Station is located in Japan
Tokyo Station
Tokyo Station
Tokyo Station (Japan)
Show map of Japan

Tokyo Station (Japanese:東京駅,Hepburn:Tōkyō-eki;pronounced[to̞ːkʲo̞ːe̞kʲi]) is a major railway station inChiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. The original station is located in Chiyoda'sMarunouchi business district near theImperial Palace grounds. The newer Eastern extension is not far from theGinza commercial district. Due to the large area covered by the station, it is divided into the Marunouchi (west) and Yaesu (east) sides in its directional signage.

The station opened in 1914 as an integrated terminus for the present-dayTōkaidō Line,Tōhoku Line, and later theChūō Line, which previously had separate termini in Tokyo. Since then, it has served as the main terminus for inter-city trains departing Tokyo westwards. The station was badly damaged during theBombing of Tokyo on 25 May 1945 but soon resumed service. TheTōkaidō Shinkansen, the world’s first dedicated high-speed rail system, opened between the station and Osaka in 1964. With the extension of northbound Shinkansen lines fromUeno in 1991, the station also became a gateway to northeast Japan.

Served by thehigh-speed rail lines of theShinkansen network, Tokyo Station is the maininter-city rail terminal in Tokyo. It is the busiest station in Japan in terms of scheduled trains, with more than 4,000 trains arriving and departing daily,[1] and the fifth-busiest in eastern Japan in terms of passenger throughput;[2] on average, more than 500,000 people use Tokyo Station every day.[1] The station is also served by many regional commuter lines ofJapan Railways, as well as theTokyo Metro network.

Overview

[edit]

Tokyo Station serves as theinterchange station for both conventional andShinkansen lines. The station is served by many railway lines operated byJR East. For conventional lines, the station is the terminus of theTōkaidō Main Line, theChūō Main Line,Keiyō Line, and theSōbu Main Line. The station is also served by theUeno–Tokyo Line,Keihin–Tōhoku Line,Yamanote Line, rapid services ofSōbu Line andYokosuka Line.

The station is also directly connected to two Shinkansen lines, theTōhoku Shinkansen andTokaido Shinkansen operated byJR Central. Shinkansen trains from other lines also service the station via these two lines. The services fromYamagata Shinkansen,Akita Shinkansen, which areMini-Shinkansen lines, connect to Tokyo Station via the Tōhoku Shinkansen.Jōetsu Shinkansen andHokuriku Shinkansen services also operate from Tokyo Station.Hokkaido Shinkansen services operated byJR Hokkaido also run on Tohoku Shinkansen tracks to service Tokyo Station.Tokyo Metro'sMarunouchi Line serves the station as well.

The station is linked by underground passageways to theŌtemachi underground (subway) station complex served by theTōzai,Chiyoda,Hanzōmon, andMita subway lines.

It is also possible to walk to theNijūbashimae,Hibiya,Yūrakuchō,Ginza, andHigashi-ginza Stations completely underground (the last a distance of over 2 km (1.2 mi)), but these stations can usually be reached more quickly by train.

Tokyo Station is also a major intercity bus terminal, with regular midday service to several cities in theKantō region and overnight service to theKansai andTōhoku regions. The furthest overnight bus service goes toIzumo-Taisha, over 800 km (500 mi) away.

History

[edit]

Planning and construction, 1872–1914

[edit]
Tokyo's mainline railway network in 1904, a decade before the opening of Tokyo Station; the station was constructed as an integrated terminus for these lines.

In 1889, a Tokyo municipal committee drew up plans for an elevated railway line connecting theTōkaidō Main Line terminal atShinbashi to the Nippon Railway (nowTōhoku Main Line) terminal atUeno. TheImperial Diet resolved in 1896 to construct a new station on this line called Central Station (中央停車場,Chūō Teishajō), located directly in front of the gardens of the Imperial Palace.[1]

Construction was delayed by the outbreak of theFirst Sino-Japanese War andRusso-Japanese War, but finally commenced in 1908. The three-story station building was designed by architectTatsuno Kingo (who also designedManseibashi Station and the nearbyBank of Japan building) as a restrained celebration of Japan's costly victory in the Russo-Japanese War. The building is often mentioned in guidebooks to be fashioned afterAmsterdam Centraal station in the Netherlands.[3] This is in dispute, as it has a similarity to a family of other railway station buildings built at the beginning of the twentieth century.[4][5]Terunobu Fujimori, a scholar of Western architecture, also refutes the rumor, having studied Tatsuno's styles as well as the building itself.[6]

Early days, 1914–1941

[edit]
Original brick Tokyo Station (Marunouchi Building) in 1914

Tokyo Station opened on December 20, 1914 with four platforms;[1] two serving electric trains (current Yamanote/Keihin–Tōhoku Line platforms) and two serving non-electric trains (current Tōkaidō Line platforms). With the opening of Tokyo Station, theold Shinbashi Station, which had served as the Tokyo-side terminus of the Tōkaidō Line since 1872, was closed as a passenger station. After the final train departed from the old Shinbashi Station at 12:23 AM on the opening day, a special train transported staff and equipment to Tokyo Station. Using the transferred staff and equipment, the first train departed from Tokyo Station at 5:23 AM.[7] The opening ceremony was attended by the Prime Minister, the Mayor of Tokyo, the Minister of Railways, and the war heroMitsuomi Kamio, 1st Baron, who had defeated the Germans in theSiege of Tsingtao a month earlier. Kamio arrived at the station from Osaka by train.[8]

Yamanote Line trains running between Tokyo and Yūrakuchō in 1931

The Tokyo Station Hotel opened in the Marunouchi-side building on November 2, 1915.[9] TheChūō Main Line extension to the station was completed in 1919 and originally stopped at the platform now used by northbound Yamanote/Keihin–Tōhoku trains. During this early era, the station only had gates on the Marunouchi side, with the north side serving as an exit and the south side serving as an entrance. The central gate was exclusively for members of theImperial Family.[10] On November 4, 1921, Prime MinisterHara Takashi was stabbed to death by a 18-year-old right-wing railwayswitchman in front of the south wing as he arrived to board a train for Kyoto.[11]

TheGreat Kantō Earthquake struck Tokyo on September 1, 1923, causing immense damage to the city. However, the station sustained little damage. By September 3, 7,925 evacuees had taken shelter at the station.[12] The Yaesu side of the station opened in 1929. In October 1930, thesuperexpressTsubame began service, connecting Tokyo Station andKobe Station. The nicknamesuperexpress was given because it reduced travel time between the two stations by over two hours. Although theTōkaidō Line was electrified between Tokyo andKōzu,Class C51 steam locomotives were used for the entire route to avoid engine changes.[13] On November 14, 1930,Osachi Hamaguchi was shot by a member of theAikokusha ultra-nationalist secret society. He survived the attack but died of his wounds in August the following year.[14] By 1935, it became clear that passenger demand had exceeded the station's capacity. For instance, theYamanote andKeihin Tohoku line services operated at intervals of just one minute and forty seconds. As a result, it was decided to relocate the railway yard toShinagawa, while the freight terminus there would be moved to Shintsurumi to make room. Two new platforms were then built on the former railway yard site.[15]

War damage and reconstruction, 1942–1950

[edit]
Tokyo Station in 1945 after the bombing
The building in its reconstructed form, photographed in 1997

Much of the station was destroyed in aB-29 firebombing raid on May 25, 1945. The bombing destroyed the rooftop domes, as well as most of the third floor of the building and much of the interior. The brick walls and concrete floors mostly survived. The state of the structure was evaluated byTokyo University professorKiyoshi Muto, and after consulting with theMinistry of Transport, it was decided to demolish much of the top floor to reduce the weight on the structure.[16] Reconstruction of the building finished by 1947, but the restored building had only two stories instead of three, and simple angular roofs were built in place of the original domes.[1] Those involved in the reconstruction work stated that the added structures were intended to be makeshift, so they did not mind covering all the ornaments on the platform-side walls of the building with a thick layer of mortar. These postwar alterations were blamed for creating the mistaken impression that the building was based on the Centraal station in Amsterdam. Plans in the 1980s to demolish the building and replace it with a larger structure were derailed by a preservation movement.[14]

Postwar, 1950–2011

[edit]
VariousBlue Trains, which were westbound sleeper trains, operated between Tokyo Station andKyushu from the 1950s.

On 15 September 1949, theHeiwa express train began operations between Tokyo and Osaka as the first post-war limited express service. RenamedTsubame on 1 January 1950, it was later joined by theHato. To eliminate locomotive, the80 series EMUs were introduced between Tokyo andNumazu from 1 March 1950. Meanwhile, theYankee Limited, a north-bound train forAllied forces, started in 1946 and transitioned to public use post-1952, later renamedTowada in 1954. The Yamanote and Keihin-Tohoku lines were separated as a solution to overcrowding, when additional tracks between Tokyo and Tamachi completed on 19 November 1956. The station's Yaesu exit, rebuilt after a 1949 fire, saw the construction of a modern station building completed in 1954 withDaimaru department store as the main tennant.

Electrification of the Tokaido Line was completed in 1956, and through trains to Osaka such as theTsubame andHato began to be hauled byEF58 electric locomotives for the entire length of the route. Night services toKyushu, including the Asakaze, resumed, followed by the debut of theKodama electric train service by151 series EMUs in 1958. Steam locomotives ceased operations to Tokyo Station in 1961, when theJoban Line's electrification reachedKatsuta. TheMarunouchi Line reached Tokyo Station in 1956 and was extended toGinza in 1957.

Beginning with the Tokaido Shinkansen in 1964, Tokyo Station has 8 platforms for thehigh-speed rail system today.

TheTokaido Shinkansen's construction began in 1959. There were concerns about increased congestion at Tokyo Station, but due to its central location in Tokyo and connectivity, Tokyo Station was selected as the line's Tokyo-side terminus. On 1 October 1964, the Tokaido Shinkansen opened, with Platforms 17–19 built for its operation. Later, one more platform was added when the Shinkansen extension toHakata was completed in 1975.

TheSobu Line was connected to the newly built underground platforms at Tokyo Station in July 1972. Then, theYokosuka Line was separated from the Tokaido Line and switched to an underground route that also leads to the underground platforms of the station in 1975. Since then, these lines have operated as one.[17]

From July 1987, the station hosted a series of regular free public concerts referred to as "Tokyo Eki Kon" (Tokyo Station Concerts). These were first held as a celebration of the launch ofJapan Railways Group as the privatized successor to the state-ownedJapanese National Railways. Altogether 246 concerts were performed, but the event was discontinued when its popularity waned and the last concert took place in November 2000. The event returned in 2004 as the "Aka Renga (Red Brick) Concerts" but it was again suspended, after 19 concerts, when redevelopment of the station started in earnest. In 2012, as the reconstruction was nearing completion, there were calls for the concerts to resume.[18]

In March 1990, theKeiyo Line was extended to Tokyo Station. To accommodate this new line, underground platforms were built under the Tokyo International Forum, which is 350 metres south of the station's main building.[19] In June 1991, the northbound Shinkansen lines, which had initially terminated atŌmiya in 1982 and extended toUeno in 1985, reached Tokyo Station. That extension made Tokyo Station the Tokyo-side terminus forTōhoku andJōetsu Shinkansen services.

The current Chūō Line platforms were built in 1995.

When the first phase of theHokuriku Shinkansen (then known as the Nagano Shinkansen) toNagano was planned, it was decided to build additional Shinkansen platforms at Tokyo Station. To create space, all conventional train lines at Tokyo Station were shifted closer to the Marunouchi building by two tracks. NewChūō Line platforms were built above the tracks for the Yamanote and Keihin-Tohoku Lines in 1995.[20] The Hokuriku Shinkansen section to Nagano opened on 1 October 1997, in time for the1998 Winter Olympics held in Nagano.

The station facilities of theMarunouchi Line were inherited byTokyo Metro after the privatization of the Teito Rapid Transit Authority (TRTA) in 2004.[21]

Recent history, 2012–present

[edit]
Renovation of Marunouchi side of station, November 2009

The Tokyo Station complex has undergone extensive development, including major improvements to the Marunouchi (west) and Yaesu (east) sides of the station. The Marunouchi side underwent an extensive five-year renovation, completed in October 2012, in which the historic 98-year-old façade on this side of the station was restored to its pre-war condition. The restoration work included recreating the two domes according to their original design.[22] The surrounding area was converted into a broad plaza (Marunouchi Central Plaza) extending into a walkway toward theImperial Palace, with space for bus and taxi ranks. In contrast, the Yaesu side of the station is very urban in appearance. The North and SouthGranTokyo towers are connected to the terminal by the GranRoof, a new commercial facility with a large canopy representing a "sail of light" which covers the outdoor areas. The high-rise towers include multi-story shopping areas and the offices of a number of leading companies and universities.[1] This part of the project was completed in 2013.

Station numbering was introduced to the JR East commuter platforms in 2016 with Tokyo being assigned station numbers JT01 for the Tokaido Line, JU01 for the Utsunomiya/Takasaki lines, JK26 for the Keihin-Tōhoku line, JY01 for the Yamanote line, JC01 for the Chūō line rapid service, JO19 for both the Sōbu line rapid service as well as the adjoining Yokosuka line, and JE01 for the Keiyō line.[23][24] At the same time, JR East assigned a three-letter code to their major interchange station; Tokyo was assigned the three-letter code "TYO".

Station layout

[edit]
A busy Tokyo Station from above in 2017

The main station facade on the Marunouchi side is made primarily of bricks, and partly dates back to the station's opening in 1914. The main station consists of tenisland platforms serving twenty tracks, raised above street level and running in a north–south direction. The main concourse runs east–west below the platforms.

The Shinkansen lines are on the Yaesu side of the station, along with a multi-storeyDaimaru department store. The entrances nearest to the Shinkansen lines are named Yaesu, and those at the extreme east of the station are namedNihonbashi.

On the far west side is the Marunouchi entrances, which are closest to the two underground Sōbu/Yokosuka line platforms serving four tracks (five stories below ground level). TheNarita Express toNarita International Airport uses these platforms.

The two Keiyō Line platforms serving four tracks are four stories below ground some hundreds of meters to the south of the main station with moving walkways to serve connecting passengers.

The whole complex is linked by an extensive system of underground passageways that merge with surrounding commercial buildings and shopping centers.

  • Tokyo Station
  • Tokyo station seen from the sky in 2021
    Tokyo station seen from the sky in 2021
  • Tokyo Station night view in 2020
    Tokyo Station night view in 2020
  • Tokyo Station Marunouchi Station Square in 2019
    Tokyo Station Marunouchi Station Square in 2019
  • Marunouchi North Exit ticket gate in 2021
    Marunouchi North Exit ticket gate in 2021
  • Yaesu South Exit ticket gate in 2021
    Yaesu South Exit ticket gate in 2021
  • Concourse of JR East in 2021
    Concourse of JR East in 2021

JR

[edit]
‹ ThetemplateInfobox station is beingconsidered for merging. ›
TYOJT01JU01JK26JY01JC01JO19JE01
Tokyo Station

東京駅
JR East Shinkansen platform in 2021
General information
Operated by
Lines
Platforms11island platforms
Tracks22
Train operators
  • Logo of the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) JR East
  • The logo of the Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central). JR Central
ConnectionsBus interchange Bus terminal
Construction
Structure type
  • Elevated (Shinkansen and some conventional lines)
  • At grade (some conventional lines)
  • Underground (Sōbu and Keiyo lines)
AccessibleYes
Other information
Station codeJT01 (Tōkaidō Line)
JC01 (Chūō Line)
JO19 (Yokosuka Line/Sōbu Line (Rapid))
JE01 (Keiyo Line)
JY01 (Yamanote Line)
JU01 (Utsunomiya Line and Takasaki Line)
JK26 (Keihin–Tōhoku Line)
History
Opened20 December 1914; 110 years ago (1914-12-20)
Passengers
2023–2024
  • 693,316 daily (JR East)[25]
  • 182,987 daily (JR Central)[26]
Services
Preceding stationLogo of the East Japan Railway Company (JR East)JR EastFollowing station
TerminusTōhoku ShinkansenUeno
Tōhoku ShinkansenUeno
towardsMorioka
Tōhoku ShinkansenUeno
towardsKōriyama
Yamagata ShinkansenUeno
towardsShinjō
Akita ShinkansenUeno
towardsAkita
Jōetsu ShinkansenUeno
towardsNiigata
Jōetsu ShinkansenUeno
Hokuriku Shinkansen
Ueno
towardsNagano
Hokuriku Shinkansen
Ueno
Hokuriku Shinkansen
Ueno
towardsNagano
Preceding stationThe logo of the Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central).JR CentralFollowing station
ShinagawaTōkaidō ShinkansenTerminus
Other services
JYJKJCJTJUJJJOJE
Preceding stationLogo of the East Japan Railway Company (JR East)JR EastFollowing station
Yūrakuchō
JY30
Next clockwise
Yamanote LineKanda
KNDJY02
Next counter-clockwise
Hamamatsuchō
HMCJK23
towardsYokohama
Keihin–Tōhoku Line
Rapid
Kanda
KNDJK27
towardsŌmiya
Yūrakuchō
JK25
towardsYokohama
Keihin–Tōhoku Line
Local
TerminusAzusaShinjuku
SJKJC05
towardsHakuba
Kaiji
(limited service)
Shinjuku
SJKJC05
towardsRyuo
Chūō Line
Commuter Special Rapid
Kanda
One-way operation
Chūō Line
Chūō Special Rapid
Kanda
KNDJC02
towardsŌtsuki
Chūō Line
Ōme Special Rapid
Kanda
KNDJC02
towardsTachikawa
Chūō Line
Commuter Rapid
Rapid
Kanda
KNDJC02
towardsŌtsuki
Yokohama
YHMJT05
towardsAtami
Sunrise Izumo andSunrise SetoTerminus
Shinagawa
SGWJT03
towardsItō
Saphir Odoriko
Shinagawa
SGWJT03
towardsItō orAtami
Odoriko
Shimbashi
One-way operation
Shōnan
Shinagawa
SGWJT03
towardsOdawara
Shimbashi
SMBJT02
towardsAtami
Tōkaidō Linethrough to Utsunomiya and Takasaki lines
Shimbashi
(through-service from Tōkaidō Line)
One-way operation
Utsunomiya /Takasaki lines
RapidRabbit &Urban
Ueno
UENJU02
through to Tōkaidō LineUtsunomiya /Takasaki lines
Local
Ueno
UENJU02
towardsKuroiso orMaebashi
Shinagawa
SGWJT03
Terminus
HitachiUeno
UENJJ01
towardsSendai
TokiwaUeno
UENJJ01
towardsTakahagi
Shimbashi
SMBJT02
towardsShinagawa
Jōban Line
Special Rapid
Ueno
UENJJ01
towardsTsuchiura
Jōban Line
Rapid
Ueno
UENJJ01
towardsToride
Jōban Line
Local-Futsuu
Ueno
UENJJ01
towardsSendai
Shinagawa
SGWJO17

(limited service)
towardsShinjuku orŌfuna
Narita ExpressChiba
JO28
(rush periods)
TerminusShiosaiKinshichō
JO22
towardsChōshi
Shimbashi
SMBJO18
towardsKurihama
Yokosuka Linethrough toSōbu Line
through toYokosuka LineSōbu Line
Rapid
Shin-Nihombashi
JO20
towardsChiba
TerminusSazanamiSoga
towardsKimitsu
WakashioKaihimmakuhari
JE13
(limited service)
Keiyō Line
Rapid
Local
Hatchōbori
JE02
towardsSoga
Musashino Line
Keiyō Line through-service
Hatchōbori
JE02

Main-level platforms

[edit]

(listed in order from west to east)

JR East
[edit]
1–2JC Chūō LineforShinjuku,Tachikawa,Hachiōji,Takao,Ōtsuki
JCŌme Line forHaijima,Ōme andOku-Tama via Tachikawa
JCItsukaichi Line forMusashi-Itsukaichi via Tachikawa and Haijima
Hachikō Line forKomagawa via Tachikawa and Haijima (morning/night service)
Fujikyuko Line forKawaguchiko via Ōtsuki
Ltd. ExpressAzusa[Note 1] forMatsumoto
Ltd. ExpressKaiji[Note 2] forKōfu andRyūō
3JK Keihin–Tōhoku LineforUeno,Nippori,Akabane, andŌmiya
4JY Yamanote LineforUeno,Nippori, andIkebukuro
5JY Yamanote LineforShinagawa andShibuya
6JK Keihin–Tōhoku LineforShinagawa,Kawasaki,Yokohama, andŌfuna
7–8JU Ueno–Tokyo LineforUeno,Ōmiya,Utsunomiya, andKuroiso (viaJUUtsunomiya Line)
for Ueno, Ōmiya,Takasaki, andMaebashi (viaJUTakasaki Line)
for Ueno,Nippori,Toride, andMito
Ltd. ExpressHitachi/Tokiwa forIwaki (viaJJJōban Line)
JT Tōkaidō LineforYokohama,Fujisawa,Atami,Numazu
JTItō Line forItō via Atami
9–10JT Tōkaidō Linefor Yokohama, Fujisawa, Atami, Numazu
JT Itō Line for Itō via Atami
Ltd. ExpressOdoriko & Saphir Odoriko forIzukyū Shimoda andShuzenji
Sleeper Ltd. ExpressSunrise Izumo forOkayama andIzumoshi
Sleeper Ltd. ExpressSunrise Seto forOkayama andTakamatsu
20–23 Tōhoku ShinkansenforFukushima,Sendai,Morioka,Shin-Aomori andShin-Hakodate-Hokuto (viaHokkaido Shinkansen)
 Yamagata Shinkansenfor Fukushima,Yamagata, andShinjo
 Akita Shinkansenfor Sendai,Morioka andAkita
 Jōetsu ShinkansenforTakasaki andEchigo-Yuzawa andNiigata
 Hokuriku Shinkansenfor Takasaki,Nagano,Toyama,Kanazawa,Fukui andTsuruga
  1. ^Azusa No. 41 starts service here towards Matsumoto.
  2. ^Kaiji No. 35, 39, 43 starts service here towards Kōfu, and Kaiji No. 51 starts service here towards Ryūō.

Yokosuka/Sōbu Line platforms

[edit]
Sōbu 1–2JO Yokosuka LineforYokohama,Ōfuna,Kamakura,Zushi andKurihama
Ltd. ExpressNarita Express for Yokohama andShinjuku (viaJSShōnan-Shinjuku Line)
Sōbu 2 Sōbu Main Line Ltd. ExpressShiosai forNarutō andChōshi
Sōbu 2–4JO Sōbu Line (Rapid)forKinshichō,Funabashi, Chiba and Narita Airport (Terminal 2·3 andTerminal 1)
Sōbu 4 Sōbu Main Line Ltd. ExpressNarita Express for Narita Airport

Keiyo Line platforms

[edit]
Keiyo 1JE Keiyo LineforShin-Kiba,Maihama,Kaihimmakuhari,Soga
Ltd. ExpressSazanami forKimitsu (viaUchibō Line)
Ltd. ExpressWakashio forAwa-Kamogawa (viaSotobo Line)
JM Musashino Line through serviceforNishi-Funabashi andFuchūhommachi
Keiyo 2–4JE Keiyo LineforShin-Kiba,Maihama,Kaihimmakuhari andSoga
JM Musashino Line through serviceforNishi-Funabashi andFuchūhommachi
  • JR East Tokyo Station
  • Chūō Main Line platform in 2021
    Chūō Main Line platform in 2021
  • Yamanote and Keihin-Tōhoku Line platform in 2021
    Yamanote and Keihin-Tōhoku Line platform in 2021
  • Tōkaidō Main Line platform in 2021
    Tōkaidō Main Line platform in 2021
  • Tōhoku Shinkansen platform in 2021
    Tōhoku Shinkansen platform in 2021
  • Yokosuka and Sōbu Main Line platform in 2021
    Yokosuka and Sōbu Main Line platform in 2021
  • Keiyō Line platform in 2021
    Keiyō Line platform in 2021
JR Central
[edit]
14–19 Tokaido ShinkansenforNagoya,Shin-Osaka andHakata (viaSanyō Shinkansen)

Originally, platforms 3 to 10 were numbered as platforms 1 to 8 and additional platforms were numbered sequentially from west to east through the opening of the Tōkaidō Shinkansen in 1964. Platforms 9 to 13 were used for the Tōkaidō Main Line and Yokosuka Line but were removed in 1988, and platforms 12 and 13 were then used for the new Tōhoku Shinkansen from 1991 to 1997. The current Chūō Main Line platform opened in 1995 as platforms 1 and 2, and other platforms were renumbered accordingly, leaving platforms 10 and 11 unused. The current platform numbering became effective in 1997 when one of the Tōkaidō Main Line platforms was repurposed for the Jōetsu Shinkansen as platforms 20 and 21. The existing Tōhoku Shinkansen platforms were simultaneously renumbered as 22 and 23.

  • JR Central Tokyo Station
  • Yaesu North Exit ticket gate in 2021
    Yaesu North Exit ticket gate in 2021
  • Nihombashi Exit ticket gate in 2021
    Nihombashi Exit ticket gate in 2021
  • JR East Shinkansen transfer ticket gate in 2021
    JR East Shinkansen transfer ticket gate in 2021
  • JR East Conventional line transfer ticket gate in 2021
    JR East Conventional line transfer ticket gate in 2021
  • Tōkaidō Shinkansen platform in 2021
    Tōkaidō Shinkansen platform in 2021
  • Departure information board in 2021
    Departure information board in 2021

Tokyo Metro

[edit]
‹ ThetemplateInfobox station is beingconsidered for merging. ›
M17
Tokyo Station

東京駅
Marunouchi Line platform in 2022
General information
SystemTokyo Metro station
Operated byThe logo of the Tokyo Metro.Tokyo Metro
LineMMarunouchi Line
Platforms1island platform
Tracks2
Connections
  • Bus interchange Bus terminal
Construction
Structure typeUnderground
AccessibleYes
Other information
Station codeM-17
History
Opened20 March 1956; 69 years ago (1956-03-20)
Passengers
2023–2024186,253 daily[27]
Services
Preceding stationThe logo of the Tokyo Metro.Tokyo MetroFollowing station
Ginza
M16
Marunouchi LineŌtemachi
M18
towardsIkebukuro


1M Marunouchi LineforGinza,Shinjuku andOgikubo
2M Marunouchi LineforOtemachi andIkebukuro
  • Marunouchi Line ticket gate in 2022
    Marunouchi Line ticket gate in 2022

Proposed developments

[edit]

There was a proposal to build a spur to Tokyo Station from the nearbyToei Asakusa Line, which would provide another connection to the subway network, and also possibly provide faster connections from the station to Tokyo's airports,Haneda andNarita.[28] The plan has yet to be formally adopted as authorities were re-considering a similar plan as part of the infrastructure improvements for the2020 Summer Olympics; the proposed line would cut travel time to Haneda from 30 minutes to 18 minutes, and to Narita from 55 minutes to 36 minutes, at a total cost of around 400 billion yen.[29][needs update]

TheHaneda Airport Access Line, which is scheduled to open in 2031, will enable trains running on theTokaido Line via Tokyo Station to also run to Haneda Airport.

There are also plans to extend theTsukuba Express from Akihabara to Tokyo. In September 2013, a number of municipalities along the Tsukuba Express line inIbaraki Prefecture submitted a proposal to complete the extension at the same time as the new airport-to-airport line.[30]

Tokyo Metro is also planning Tokyo as the terminus for their future line that could connectOdaiba.

Passenger statistics

[edit]

In fiscal 2018, the JR East station was used by an average of 467,165 passengers daily (boarding passengers only), making it the third busiest station on the JR East network.[31] Over the same fiscal year, the Tokyo Metro station was used by an average of 218,275 passengers daily (both exiting and entering passengers), making it the ninth-busiest Tokyo Metro station.[32] The passenger figures (boarding passengers only) for the JR East (formerly JNR) station in previous years are as shown below.

Fiscal yearAnnual total
1914553,105[33]
19194,879,042[34]
192415,953,910[35]
192924,926,502[36]
193424,119,757[37]
Fiscal yearDaily average
1960331,275[38]
1971352,109[38]
1984338,203[38]
2000372,611[39]
2005379,350[40]
2010381,704[41]
2011380,997[42]
2012402,277[43]
2013415,908[44]
2014417,822[45]
2015434,633[46]
2016439,554[47]
2017452,549[48]
2018467,165[31]
2019462,589[citation needed]
2020271,108[citation needed]
2021282,638[citation needed]
2022346,658[citation needed]
2023403,831[citation needed]

Surrounding area

[edit]

Districts

[edit]

Buildings

[edit]

Hotels

[edit]

Stations

[edit]

Other stations within walking distance of Tokyo station include the following.

Bus terminal

[edit]
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  • Yaesu South Exit Highway Bus Terminal
NicknameDestinationMajor stopsOperation
La ForetAomori StationDirectJR Bus Tōhoku
TsugaruAomori StationAomori Kenko LandKōnan Bus Company
SiriusShichinohe-Towada StationHachinohe Station,Towadashi StationKokusai Kogyo

Towada Kankō Electric Railway

Dream Akita/YokohamaAkita UniversityAkita StationJR Bus Tohoku
Dream ChokaiUgo-Honjō StationKisakata Station,Konoura Station,Nikaho StationJR Bus Tohoku

Ugo Kotsu

Dream Morioka"Rakuchin"Morioka Bus CenterMorioka StationJR Bus Tohoku

Kokusai Kogyo

Iwateken Kotsu

Dream SasanishikiFurukawa StationSendai Station,Izumi-Chūō Station,TaiwaJR Bus Tohoku
Dream Fukushima/YokohamaFukushima StationKōriyama StationJR Bus Tohoku
Yume Kaidou AizuAizu-Wakamatsu StationInawashiro StationJR Bus Kanto
IwakiIwaki StationKitaibaraki, Nakoso, Yumoto, Iwaki ChuoJR Busu Kanto

Tobu Bus Central

Shin Joban Kotsu

Tokyo YumeguriKusatsu OnsenDirectJR Bus Kanto
Marronnier TokyoSano Shintoshi Bus TerminalSano Premium OutretJR Bus Kanto
HitachiTakahagi StationHitachi-Taga Station,Hitachi StationJR Bus Kanto

Hitachi Dentetsu

Hitachi-Ota LineHitachi-ŌtaNaka IC,Naka City Office, Nukata-MinamigouJR BUs Kanto

Ibaraki Kotsu

Hitachi-Daigo LineHitachi-DaigoNaka IC,Hitachiōmiya,Fukuroda FallsIbaraki Kotsu
Katsuta/TokaiJapan Atomic Energy AgencyHitachinaka,Katsuta Station,Tōkai StationIbaraki Kotsu
MitoMito StationIshioka,Akatsuka Station,Ibaraki UniversityJR Bus Kanto

Ibaraki Kotsu

Kantō Railway

Ibaraki Airport LineIbaraki AirportDirectKanto Railway
TsukubaUniversity of TsukubaNamiki 2,Namiki 1,Tsukuba CenterJR Bus Kanto

Kanto Railway

Joso RouteIwaiShin-Moriya Station,Mitsukaidō StationKanto Railway

Kantetsu Purple Bus

KashimaKashima ShrineSuigo-Itako,Kashimajingū Station,Kashima Soccer StadiumJR Bus Kanto

Keisei Bus

Kanto Railway

HasakiHasakiSuigo-Itako,KamisuJR Bus Kanto

Kanto Railway

The Access NaritaNarita International AirportDirectJR Bus Kanto

Heiwa Kotsu

Aska Kotsu

Yokaichiba RouteSōsa City OfficeTomisato,Tako,Yōkaichiba StationJR Bus Kanto

Chiba Kotsu

Boso NanohanaTateyama StationKazusa-Minato,Chikura, Awa-ShirahamaJR Bus Kanto

Nitto Kotsu

Yoshikawa Matsubushi LineMatsubushiMisato,Yoshikawa StationJR Bus Kanto
Skytree ShuttleTokyo SkytreeEdo-Tokyo Museum, Tobu Hotel Levant TokyoJR Bus Kanto

Tobu Bus Central

Midnight Arrow KasukabeKasukabe StationSōka,Shin-Koshigaya,Koshigaya,SengendaiTobu Bus Central
Midnight ExpressKabe StationHaijima,Kumagawa,Fussa,Hamura,OzakuNishi Tokyo Bus
Midnight ExpressTakao StationNishi-Hachiōji StationNishi Tokyo Bus
Midnight ArrowŌfuna StationYokohama Station,Higashi-Totsuka StationKanagawa Chuo kotsu
Midnight ArrowHiratsuka StationTotsuka Station,Kōnandai Station,Fujisawa StationKanagawa Chuo kotsu
Midnight ArrowHon-Atsugi StationMachida Station,Sagami-Ōno Station,Ebina StationKanagawa Chuo kotsu
Tokyo Hakone LineHakone-TōgendaiGotemba Station,SengokuharaJR Bus Kanto

Odakyu Hakone Kosoku Bus

Tokyo Kawaguchiko LineKawaguchiko StationGotemba Station,Lake Yamanaka,Fuji-Q HighlandJR Bus Kanto

Fujikyu Yamanashi Bus

Willer ExpressNagano StationNagano, Nagano-OjimadaWiller Express Hokushinetsu
Hakuba Snow MagicHakuba CortinaHakuba Goryu,Hakuba HappoAlpico Kōtsū
Sansan Numazu TokyoNumazu GarrageNumazu StationFujikyu City Bus
Kaguyahime ExpressTakaoka GarrageShin-Fuji Station,Fuji StationFujikyu Shizuoka Bus
Yakisoba ExpressFujinomiya GarrageFujinomiya City Office,Fujinomiya StationFujikyu Shizuoka Bus
Shimizu LinerMiho no MatsubaraShimizu Station,Shin-Shimizu StationJR Bus Kanto

Shizutetsu Justline

Tomei Highway BusNagoya StationShizuoka Station,Hamamatsu StationJR Bus Kanto

JR Bus Tech

JR Tokai Bus

Dream Shizuoka/HamamatsuHamamatsu StationShizuoka Station,Kakegawa StationJR Tokai Bus
Chita SeagullChita Handa StationChiryū Station,Kariya StationJR Bus Kanto
Dream NagoyaNagoya StationNisshin Station,Chikusa,Sakae Station,Gifu StationJR Bus Kanto

JR Tokai Bus

Dream KanazawaKanazawa Institute of TechnologyToyama Station,Kanazawa StationJR Bus Kanto

West JR Bus

Dream FukuiFukui StationTsuruga,Takefu,SabaeJR Bus Kanto

Keifuku Bus

Fukui Railway

Dream / HirutokkyuŌsaka StationKyōto Station,Sannomiya Station,Nara StationJR Bus Kanto

West JR Bus

Dream Nanba/SakaiSakaishi StationKyōtanabe,Osaka City Air Terminal,Namba StationNankai Bus
Dream TokushimaAnan StationNaruto,Matsushige,Tokushima Station,KomatsushimaJR Bus Kanto

JR Shikoku Bus

Dream TakamatsuKannonji StationTakamatsu Station,Sakaide
Dream KochiHarimayabashi StationKōchi Station
Dream MatsuyamaMatsuyama StationMishima-Kawanoe, Kawauchi, Matsuyama IC, Okaido
Keihin Kibi DreamKurashiki StationSanyo IC,Okayama StationChugoku JR Bus
New BreezeHiroshima Bus CenterHiroshima Station,Kure StationChugoku JR Bus

Odakyu City Bus

Dream Okayama/HiroshimaHiroshima Bus CenterOkayama Station,Hiroshima StationChugoku JR Bus
Tokubetsu BinUbe-Shinkawa StationHiroshima,Shin-YamaguchiChugoku JR Bus
SusanooIzumo-taishaTamatsukuri, Shinji, Hishikawa IC,Izumoshi StationIchibata Bus

Chugoku JR Bus

Hagi ExpressHagi Bus CenterIwakuni Station,Tokuyama Station,HōfuBocho Kotsu

Sister stations

[edit]

Tokyo Station has "sister station" agreements withAmsterdam Centraal station in the Netherlands,Grand Central Terminal in New York, USA,Beijing railway station in China,Hsinchu Station in Taiwan,[49] andFrankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof in Germany.[50]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdefIto, Masami (December 13, 2014)."Tokyo Station at 100: all change".The Japan Times. RetrievedMay 22, 2020.
  2. ^各駅の乗車人員 (in Japanese). East Japan Railway Company.
  3. ^Fodor's Japan. United States: Fodor's Modern Guides, 1996.
  4. ^Oxenaar, Aart – 'Amsterdam Central and Tokyo Central-different members of the same family', in Yoshikawa Seichi and Mizuno Shintar® (eds) Tolvo eki to Tatsuno Kingo. Ekisha no naritachi to Tolero cki no dekirs made, Tokyo: East Japan Railway Company, 1990, pp. 22–29.
  5. ^Coaldrake, William Howard. Architecture and Authority in Japan. United Kingdom: Routledge, 1996.
  6. ^Kenchiku Tantei Uten Kekkō (建築探偵 雨天決行; "Architecture Detective, Rain or Shine"),Terunobu Fujimori,ISBN 978-4-02-261179-6
  7. ^Fujio, Mishima (October 1, 1984).Railway and City, Tokyo Sation Special. Taisho Publishing.ASIN B000J6SCNC.
  8. ^"東京駅開業祝賀会|ゆかりの地(索引地図)|渋沢栄一ゆかりの地|渋沢栄一|公益財団法人渋沢栄一記念財団".www.shibusawa.or.jp. RetrievedNovember 22, 2024.
  9. ^"Living Heritage 使い続ける文化遺産 ~重要文化財の中にあるホテル~|インフォメーション|東京駅舎で結婚式は東京ステーションホテルウエディング【公式】".www.tokyostationhotel.jp (in Japanese). RetrievedNovember 22, 2024.
  10. ^Nakata, Hiroko (October 23, 2012)."Tokyo Station's Marunouchi side restored to 1914 glory".The Japan Times.Tokyo: News2u Holdings. Archived fromthe original on October 27, 2012.
  11. ^昌宗, 橋本 (February 27, 2024)."「凶刃に斃る」原敬暗殺 警護の難しさ 警視庁150年13/150".産経新聞:産経ニュース (in Japanese). RetrievedNovember 22, 2024.
  12. ^NHK."関東大震災 東京駅丸の内南口周辺 現在との比較|災害|NHKアーカイブス".関東大震災 東京駅丸の内南口周辺 現在との比較|災害|NHKアーカイブス (in Japanese). RetrievedNovember 22, 2024.
  13. ^"旅は世につれ〜昭和旅紀行"(PDF).昭和の暮らし研究 (in Japanese).4: 93. March 2006.
  14. ^abWatanabe, Hiroshi (2001). The architecture of Tokyo. Axel Menges, Stuttgart/London. pp. 83–84.ISBN 3-930698-93-5.
  15. ^"最も新しい山手線駅の「めくるめく変遷」(辻 聡) @gendai_biz".現代ビジネス (in Japanese). January 16, 2024. RetrievedDecember 9, 2024.
  16. ^"皇居と直結---日本の玄関として「歴史」を背負う鉄道駅の物語東京駅Vol.1(福田 和也) @gendai_biz".現代ビジネス (in Japanese). January 29, 2012. RetrievedDecember 9, 2024.
  17. ^"祝 東京地下駅開業50周年 これがきっかけで進化した鉄道車両設備とは(鳥塚亮) - エキスパート".Yahoo!ニュース (in Japanese). RetrievedDecember 29, 2024.
  18. ^Ushijima, Kota"Fans want encore of 'dreamy' Tokyo Station concerts".The Daily Yomiuri. October 1, 2012. Retrieved on October 2, 2012
  19. ^Kobayashi, Takuya (May 13, 2018)."東京駅の「京葉線ホーム」があんなに遠いワケ" [Why the Keiyo Line platform at Tokyo Station is so far away?].Toyo Keizai Shimbun (in Japanese). RetrievedDecember 29, 2024.
  20. ^"東京駅、中央線ホームなぜ高い 鉄路争奪戦の力学" [Why are the Chuo Line platforms at Tokyo Station so expensive? The dynamics of the battle for rail].The Nikkei (in Japanese). February 14, 2014. RetrievedMay 30, 2025.
  21. ^"「営団地下鉄」から「東京メトロ」へ" [From "Teito Rapid Transit Authority" to "Tokyo Metro"].Tokyo Metro Online. July 8, 2006. Archived fromthe original on May 16, 2012. RetrievedMay 29, 2022.
  22. ^"Marunouchi Station Building Highlights".tokyostationcity.com. RetrievedMay 23, 2020.
  23. ^"⾸都圏エリアへ 「駅ナンバリング」を導⼊します" [Introduce “station numbering” to the Tokyo metropolitan area](PDF).jreast.co.jp (in Japanese). April 6, 2016. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on December 7, 2022. RetrievedJanuary 7, 2023.
  24. ^Kusamachi, Yoshikazu (April 7, 2016)."JA・JK・JT・AKB…JR東日本、首都圏で駅ナンバリングなど導入へ" [JA, JK, JT, AKB … JR East to introduce station numbering in the Tokyo metropolitan area].Response Automotive Media (in Japanese). Archived fromthe original on August 6, 2022. RetrievedJanuary 7, 2023.
  25. ^"移動等円滑化取組報告書(鉄道駅)"(PDF) (in Japanese). JR East. 2024. RetrievedMarch 14, 2025.
  26. ^"移動等円滑化取組報告書(鉄道駅)"(PDF) (in Japanese). JR Central. 2024. RetrievedMarch 14, 2025.
  27. ^"移動等円滑化取組報告書(鉄道駅)"(PDF) (in Japanese). Tokyo Metro. 2024. RetrievedMarch 14, 2025.
  28. ^都営浅草線東京駅接着等の事業化推進に関する検討 調査結果のとりまとめArchived 2007-08-24 at theWayback Machine, May 2003.
  29. ^"羽田・成田発着を拡大、五輪へインフラ整備急ぐ" [Race to increase slots at Haneda & Narita and build infrastructure for Olympics].Nihon Keizai Shimbun. Nikkei Inc. September 10, 2013. RetrievedSeptember 10, 2013.
  30. ^"TX東京駅延伸で茨城の沿線自治体市議会が意見書".日本経済新聞. September 21, 2013. RetrievedSeptember 24, 2013.
  31. ^ab各駅の乗車人員 (2018年度) [Station passenger boarding figures (Fiscal 2018)] (in Japanese). Japan: East Japan Railway Company. RetrievedMarch 17, 2020.
  32. ^各駅の乗降人員ランキング [Station usage ranking] (in Japanese). Tokyo Metro. RetrievedAugust 31, 2014.
  33. ^東京府 編 (1916).東京府統計書. 大正3年 [Tōkyō-Fu Statistics Book (1914)] (in Japanese). Vol. 1. 東京府. p. 756.(National Diet Library Digital Archive) (digital page number 386)
  34. ^東京府 編 (1922).東京府統計書. 大正8年 [Tōkyō-Fu Statistics Book (1919)] (in Japanese). Vol. 2. 東京府. p. 241.(National Diet Library Digital Archive) (digital page number 265)
  35. ^東京府 編 (1927).東京府統計書. 大正13年 [Tōkyō-Fu Statistics Book (1924)] (in Japanese). Vol. 1. 東京府. p. 504.(National Diet Library Digital Archive) (digital page number 292)
  36. ^東京府 編 (1931).東京府統計書. 昭和4年 [Tōkyō-Fu Statistics Book (1929)] (in Japanese). Vol. 1. 東京府. p. 564.(National Diet Library Digital Archive) (digital page number 334)
  37. ^東京府 編 (1936).東京府統計書. 昭和9年 [Tōkyō-Fu Statistics Book (1934)] (in Japanese). Vol. 1. 東京府. p. 565.(National Diet Library Digital Archive) (digital page number 341)
  38. ^abc日本国有鉄道停車場一覧 [JNR Station Directory]. Japan: Japanese National Railways. 1985. p. 480.ISBN 4-533-00503-9.
  39. ^各駅の乗車人員 (2000年度) [Station passenger figures (Fiscal 2000)] (in Japanese). Japan: East Japan Railway Company. RetrievedJuly 2, 2013.
  40. ^各駅の乗車人員 (2005年度) [Station passenger figures (Fiscal 2005)] (in Japanese). Japan: East Japan Railway Company. RetrievedJuly 2, 2013.
  41. ^各駅の乗車人員 (2010年度) [Station passenger figures (Fiscal 2010)] (in Japanese). Japan: East Japan Railway Company. RetrievedJuly 2, 2013.
  42. ^各駅の乗車人員 (2011年度) [Station passenger figures (Fiscal 2011)] (in Japanese). Japan: East Japan Railway Company. RetrievedJuly 2, 2013.
  43. ^各駅の乗車人員 (2012年度) [Station passenger figures (Fiscal 2012)] (in Japanese). Japan: East Japan Railway Company. RetrievedAugust 31, 2014.
  44. ^各駅の乗車人員 (2013年度) [Station passenger boarding figures (Fiscal 2013)] (in Japanese). Japan: East Japan Railway Company. RetrievedAugust 31, 2014.
  45. ^各駅の乗車人員 (2014年度) [Station passenger boarding figures (Fiscal 2014)] (in Japanese). Japan: East Japan Railway Company. RetrievedMarch 17, 2020.
  46. ^各駅の乗車人員 (2015年度) [Station passenger boarding figures (Fiscal 2015)] (in Japanese). Japan: East Japan Railway Company. RetrievedMarch 17, 2020.
  47. ^各駅の乗車人員 (2016年度) [Station passenger boarding figures (Fiscal 2016)] (in Japanese). Japan: East Japan Railway Company. RetrievedMarch 17, 2020.
  48. ^各駅の乗車人員 (2017年度) [Station passenger boarding figures (Fiscal 2017)] (in Japanese). Japan: East Japan Railway Company. RetrievedMarch 17, 2020.
  49. ^"Tokyo Station to get a sister station in Taiwan".The Japan Times. Japan.Kyodo. February 10, 2015. RetrievedFebruary 12, 2015.
  50. ^"Tokyo and Frankfurt Central become sister stations".The Asahi Shimbun Asia & Japan Watch. The Asahi Shimbun Company. September 26, 2015. Archived fromthe original on September 27, 2015. RetrievedSeptember 29, 2015.

External links

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toTokyo Station.

35°40′51″N139°46′01″E / 35.68083°N 139.76694°E /35.68083; 139.76694

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